Hedefli ve Hedefsiz Koşullarda Taekwondo Tekmelerinin Biyomekaniği: Yeop Chagi ve Palding Tekniklerinde Açısal Hız ve İvme Analizi

Abstract

Bu çalışma, taekwondo sporcularında ön ayak ile yapılan Yeop Chagi ve arka ayak ile yapılan orta seviye Palding tekmelerinin hedefli ve hedefsiz koşullarda uygulanması sırasında alt ekstremiteye ait açısal hız ve ivme parametrelerini incelemeği amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmaya en az beş yıllık spor deneyimine sahip 20 erkek lisanslı taekwondo sporcusu (yaş ortalaması: 21.9 ± 2.6 yıl) katılmıştır. Ayak bileği ve hedef ivmeleri Xsens MTw Awinda IMU sistemiyle, pelvis-kalça-diz açısal hızları STT iSen 3.0 sistemiyle ölçülmüştür. Hedefli ve hedefsiz koşullarda sağ ve sol taraf ölçümleri bağımlı örneklem t-testi ve Wilcoxon işaretli sıralar testiyle analiz edilmiştir. Palding tekniği, hedef ivmesi ve ayak bileği ivmesi açısından Yeop Chagi’ye göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek değerler sergilemiştir. Boşa yapılan vuruşlarda ise teknikler arasındaki ivme farkı ortadan kalkmıştır. Yeop Chagi’de kalça abdüksiyon ve diz ekstansiyon açısal hızları boşa koşulda daha yüksek bulunurken Palding tekniğinde bu fark yalnızca diz ekstansiyon ve pelvis tilt değişkenlerinde gözlenmiştir. Segmentler arası korelasyonlar, her iki teknikte de pelvis, kalça ve diz eklemleri arasında proksimalden distale doğru bir koordinasyon yapısı bulunduğunu göstermiştir. Bu sonuçlar, taekwondo performans analizlerinde yalnızca distal ivme değerlerinin değil, pelvis-kalça-diz etkileşiminin de dikkate alınması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

• Taekwondo
• Palding
• Yeop Chagi
• Açısal hız
• İvme

Supporting Institution

Marmara Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırmalar Proje Koordinasyon Birimi (BAPKO)

Project Number

TYL-2025-11988

Ethical Statement

Çalışma, Helsinki Bildirgesi ilkelerine uygun olarak yürütülmüş ve Marmara Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Fakültesi Etik Kurulunca E-83765773-050.04-1119666 (30.09.2025, 7-2) kararı ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışma Marmara Üniversitesi BAPKO Birimi TYL-2025-11988 No’lu proje ile desteklenmiştir.

Biomechanics of Taekwondo Kicks Under Target and Non-Target Conditions: Analysis of Angular Velocity and Acceleration in Side Kick and Roundhouse Kick Techniques

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the angular velocity and acceleration parameters of the lower extremity during the application of the front-leg side kick and the rear-leg mid-level roundhouse kicks in targeted and non-targeted conditions in taekwondo athletes. Twenty male licensed taekwondo athletes with a minimum of five years of sports experience (mean age: 21.9 ± 2.6 years) participated in the study. Ankle and target accelerations were measured using the Xsens MTw Awinda IMU system, while pelvis-hip-knee angular velocities were recorded with the STT iSen 3.0 system. Right and left side measurements under targeted and non-targeted conditions were analyzed using paired samples t-test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The Roundhouse kick technique demonstrated significantly higher values than side kick in terms of both target acceleration and ankle acceleration. In non-targeted (air) kicks, however, the acceleration difference between the two techniques was eliminated. In side kick, hip abduction and knee extension angular velocities were found to be higher in the non-targeted condition, whereas in the Roundhouse kick technique this difference was observed only in knee extension and pelvic tilt variables. Inter-segmental correlations revealed a proximal-to-distal coordination structure among the pelvis, hip, and knee joints in both techniques. These findings indicate that not only distal acceleration values but also pelvis-hip-knee interaction should be taken into account in taekwondo performance analyses.

Keywords

• Taekwondo
• Side Kick
• Roundhouse Kick
• Angular Velocity
• Acceleration

Supporting Institution

Marmara University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit (BAPKO)

Project Number

TYL-2025-11988

Ethical Statement

This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Marmara University Faculty of Sport Sciences under decision number E-83765773-050.04-1119666 (30.09.2025, 7-2). This study was supported by Marmara University BAPKO Unit under Project No. TYL-2025-11988.

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