ÜNİVERSİTELİ TRİATLETLERDE ALT EKSTREMİTE YAĞ ORANLARI YARIŞ ZAMANININ BELİRLEYİCİSİ MİDİR?

Abstract

Bu çalışma, alt ekstremite yağ oranlarının üniversiteli triatletlerin yarış zamanına etkisini incelenmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışma, 9. Dünya Üniversitelerarası Triatlon Şampiyonasına katılan ve yarışmayı tamamlayan 17 kadın ve 26 erkek olmak üzere toplam 43 gönüllü sporcu ile gerçekleştirilmiştir yaş 22,30±2,42 yıl, boy 172,76±16,08 cm, vücut ağırlığı 64,79±9,93 kg . Vücut kompozisyonu ve alt ekstremite segmental analiz değerlendirilmesinde bioelektrik impedans analiz yöntemi BIA kullanılmıştır Tanita BC 418 . Ölçümler, müsabaka öncesi aç karnına şort ve tişörtle yapılmıştır. Sporcular 40°C lik hava sıcaklığında Olimpik triatlon 1.5 km yüzme, 40 km bisiklet ve 10 km koşu mesafelerinde yarıştılar. Verilerin hesaplanması ve değerlendirilmesinde SPSS 16.0 istatistik programı kullanılmıştır. Normallik testi sonuçlarına göre ölçümler arasındaki ilişkiyi açıklamak için Pearson korelasyon analizi, yağ oranlarının yarış zamanına etkisini tespit etmek için de linear regresyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Alt ekstremite yağ oranlarının yarış zamanına etkisinin incelendiği bu çalışmada; alt ekstremite yağ oranlarının yüzme zamanı hariç koşu, bisiklet ve total yarış zamanına p

Keywords

• Skinfold,Uyluk,Baldır,Vücut Kompozisyonu,Triatlon,Performans

IS BODY FAT RATIO OF LOWER EXTREMITIES A PREDICTOR OF RACE TIME IN UNIVERSITY TRIATHLETES?

Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of lower extremity fat ratios on race time in university triathletes. The study was carried out with a total of 43 17 women and 26 men volunteer athletes who participating and completed the competition in the 9th World Universities Triathlon Championships age 22,30±2,42 year, height 172,76±16,08 cm, body weight 64,79±9,93 kg . Bioelectrical impedance analysis method BIA was used in the evaluation of body composition and lower limb segmental analysis Tanita BC 418 . Measurements were performed before the competition in a fasting condition with shorts and t-shirts. The athletes were competed in Olympic triathlon distance 1.5 km swimming, 40 km cycling, and 10 km running t a temperature of 40° C. The SPSS 16.0 statistical program was used in the calculation and evaluation of the data. According to the test of normality results, the Pearson correlation analysis was used to explain the relationship between the measurements. The linear regression analysis was employed to determine the effects of lower extremity fat rate on race time. This study investigating the effect of lower extremity fat ratio on race time revealed that lower extremity fat ratio has a significant effect on running, cycling and total race time; except for swimming, at p

Keywords

• Skinfold,Thigh,Calf,Body Composition,Triathlon,Performance

References

1. Arrese A.,L., Ostariz E.,S.“Skinfold thicknesses associated with distance running performance in highly trained runners”. Journal of Sports Sciences. 24: p. 69–76, 2006.
2. Arslan E., Aras D. (2016). “Comparison of body composition, heart rate variability, aerobic and anaerobic performance between competitive cyclists and triathletes”.Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 28: p.1325-1329, 2016.
3. Ateş B., Saygın Ö., Zorba E. “Evaluation of the physical capacity and the quality of life of the housewifes”. International Journal of Human Science, 6:2, p. 357-367, 2009.
4. Atwater A.E.Gender differences in running. In Biomechanics of Distance Running, edited by Cavanagh PR (Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics Publishers), pp. 321± 362, 1990.
5. Bale P., Bradbury D., Colley E.“Anthropometric and training performance”. Br Journal of Sports Medicine, 20: p.170-173, 1986. to 10km running
6. Belli T, Meireles CLS, Costa MO, Ackermann MA, Gobatto CA. Somatotype, body composition and performance Cineantropom Desempenho Hum, 18(2): 127-135 2016. Rev Bras
7. Boileau, R.A., Horswill, C.A. Body composition in sports: Measurement and applications for weight loss and gain, “Exercise and sport science” (Ed. W.E, Garrett, D.T., Kirkendall)’de, Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, Philadelphia, 319-338, USA, 2002.
8. Docherty D., Gaul C.,A.“Relationship of body size physique and composition to physical performance in young boys and girls”.International Journal of Sports Medicine. 12: p. 525-532, 1991.

9. Geladas N.,D., Nassis G.,P., Pavlicevic S.“Somatic and physical traits affecting sprint swimming performance in young swimmers”. International Journal of Sports Medicine.26: p.139-144, 2005.
10. Hagan R.,D., Upton S.,J., Duncan J.,J., Gettman L.,R.“Marathon performance in relation to maximal aerobic power and training indices in female distance runners”. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 21:p. 3-7, 1987.
11. Hoffman M.,D.“Anthropometric characteristics of ultramarathoners”. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 29: p. 808-811, 2008.
12. Jagomagi G., Jürimäe T. “The influence of anthropometrical and flexibility parameters on the results of breaststroke swimming”. Anthropologischer Anzeiger.63: p.213-219, 2005.
13. Keatinge W.R., Khartchenko M., Lando N., Lioutov V. (2001). “Hypothermia during sports swimming in water below 11°C”. British Journal of Sports Medicine.35: p. 352-353, 2001.
14. Knechtle B., Baumann B., Knechtle P., Rosemann T.“What influences race performance in male open- water ultra-endurance swimmers: Anthropometry or training?”. Human Movement. 11(1): p. 5-10, 2010b.
15. Knechtle B., Baumann B., Knechtle P., Rosemann T. “Speed during training and anthropometriic measures in relation to race performance by male and female Perceptual and Motor Skills. 111(2): p. 463-474, 2010c.
16. Knechtle B., Knechtle P., Andonie J.L., Kohler G.“Influence of anthropometry on race performance in extreme endurance triathletes: World Challenge Deca 232 Iron Triathlon”. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 41: p. 644-648, 2007a.
17. Knechtle B., Knechtle P., Barandun U., Rosemann T.“Anthropometric and training variables related to half-marathon running performance in recreational female runners. The Physician and Sportsmedicine”. 39(2): p.158-166, 2011c.
18. Knechtle B., Duff B.“Cycling and running performance, associated with race performance in a Triple Iron Triathlon”. Research in Sports Medicine. 15: p. 257- 269. 2007b. factors, are
19. Knechtle B., Kohler G.“Running performance, not anthropometric factors, is associated with race success in aTriple Iron Triathlon”. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 43: p. 437-441, 2009.
20. Knechtle B., Knechtle P., Rosemann T.“Upper body skinfold thickness is related to race performance in male Ironman triathletes”. International Journal of Sports Medicine.32(1): p. 20-27, 2011b.
21. Knechtle B., Knechtle P., Rüst C.,A., Rosemann T.“A comparison of anthropometric and training characteristics of Ironman triathletes and Triple Iron ultra-triathletes”. Journal of Sports Sciences. 29 (11): p. 1373-1380, 2011a.
22. Knechtle B., Wirth A., Baumann B., Knechtle P., Rosemann T., Oliver S. “Differential correlations between performance in male and female Ironman triathletes”. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research. 24(10): p. 2785-2793, 2010a.
23. Knechtle B., Wirth A., Knechtle P., Zimmermann K., Kohler G.“Personal best marathon performance is associated with performance in a 24-h run and not anthropometry or training volüme”. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 43: p. 836–839, 2009.
24. Kong P.,W., de Heer H. “Anthropometric, gait and strength characteristics of Kenya distance runners”. Journal of Sports Science and Medicine. 7: p. 499– 504, 2008.
25. Landers G.,J., Blanksby B.,A., Ackland T.,R., Smith D. “Morphology and performance of World champiomship triathletes”. Annals of Human Biology. 27: p. 387-400, 2000.
26. Leedy H.,E., Ismail A.,H., Kessler W.,V.,Christian J., E.“Relationship between physical performance items and body composition”. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 36: p. 158-163, 1965.
27. Legaz Arrese A., Manguia Izquierdo D., Serveto Galindo J.,R.“Physiological measures associated with marathon running performance in high-level male and female homogeneous groups”. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 27: p. 289–95, 2006.
28. Legaz A., Eston R. “Changes in performance, skinfold thicknesses, and fat patterning after three years of intense athletic conditioning in hihg level runners”. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 39: p. 851-856, 2005.
29. Lenherr R., Knechtle B., Rüst C.,A., Rosemann T., Lepers R.“From Double Iron to Double Deca Iron ultra-triathlon – a retrospective data analysis from 1985 to 2011”. Physical Culture Sport Studies Researsch. 54: p. 55–67, 2012.
30. Maldonado S., Mujika I., Padilla S.“Influence of body mass and height on the energy cost of running in highly trained middle- and long-distance runners”. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 23: p. 268– 272, 2002.
31. McLean B.,D., Parker A.,W.“An anthropometric analysis of elite Australian track cyclists”. Journal of Sports Sciences. 7: p. 247–255, 1989.
32. Moro V.,L., Gheller R.,G., Berneira J.,O., Hoefelmann C.,P., Karasiak F.,C., Moro A.,R.,P., Diefenthaeler F.“Comparison of body composition and aerobic competitive cyclists and triathletes”. Brazilian Journal of Kinanthropometry and Human Performance. 15(6): p. 646-655, 2013. performance between
33. Riedenau R.,P., Welch B.,E., Crips C.,E.,Crowley L.,V., Griffin P., E., Brockett J., E.“Relationship of body fat to motor fitness test scores”. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. 29: p. 200-203, 1968.
34. Rüst C.,A., Knechtle B., Knechtle P., Wirth A., Rosemann T.“A comparison of anthropometric and training characteristics among recreational male Ironman triathletes and ultra- endurance cyclists”. Chinese Journal of Physiology. 55: p. 114-124, 2012.
35. Sharwood K., Collins M., Goedecke J.,Wilson G., Noakes T. “Weight changes, sodium levels, and performance in the South African Ironman triathlon”. Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine. 12: p. 391-399, 2002.
36. Siders W.,A., Lukaski H.,C., Bolonchuk W., W. “Relationships among swimming performance, body composition, and somatotype in competitive collegiate swimmers”. The Journal of Sports Medicine and Physical Fitness.33:p. 166-171, 1993.
37. Slievert G.,G., Rowlands D.,S.“Physical and physiological factors associated with success in the triathlon”. Sports Medicine. 22: p. 8-18, 1996.
38. Tanaka K., Matsuura Y. “A multivariate analysis of the role of certain anthropometric and physiological attributes in distance running”. Annals of Human Biology. 9: p. 473–482, 1982.
39. Tuuri G., Loftin M., Oescher J.“Association of swim distance and age with body composition in adult female swimmers”. Medicine and Science inSports and Exercise.34: p. 2110-2114, 2002. 233