EXAMINATION OF COVID-19 FEAR LEVELS OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND SPORTS TEACHERS IN TERMS OF CONVENTIONAL EDUCATION AND ONLINE EDUCATION: A TURKEY CASE

Year 2022, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 80 - 90, 22.08.2022

Ece Ayaz Kanat , Ayşegül Funda Alp

Abstract

The aim of this research is to examine the Covid-19 fear levels of physical education teachers teaching through various educational applications such as online, conventional, and co-education in different institutions such as public and private schools during the Covid-19. A total of 273 teachers participated in the study. The study data was collected through The Fear of Covid-19 Scale. Since the data showed normal distribution in the analyses done through the SPSS 25.0 package program, one of the parametric methods, t-test for pairwise cluster comparisons in independent groups was applied, and one-way analysis of variance was applied in comparisons of more than two clusters. As a result of the analysis, no significant difference the participants' Covid-19 fear levels regarding the variables of the institution, catching covid-19, losing a relative due to covid, and education type. As for the gender variable, a significant difference was found in favor of female participants. It was concluded in their Covid-19 fear levels that physical education teachers' differences in educational institutions and educational applications did not have any significant.

Keywords

coronavirus, physical education teachers, fear of covid-19, online educatiton, conventional education

BEDEN EĞİTİMİ VE SPOR ÖĞRETMENLERİNİN COVİD-19 KORKU DÜZEYLERİNİN GELENEKSEL EĞİTİM VE ONLİNE EĞİTİM AÇISINDAN İNCELENMESİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, Covid-19 döneminde devlet ve özel okul gibi farklı kurumlarda çevrimiçi, geleneksel ve karma eğitim gibi çeşitli eğitim uygulamalarıyla ders veren beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin Covid-19 korku düzeylerini incelemektir. Araştırmaya toplam 273 öğretmen katılmıştır. Çalışma verileri Covid-19 Korkusu Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır. SPSS 25.0 paket programı ile yapılan analizlerde veriler normal dağılım gösterdiğinden, bağımsız gruplarda ikili küme karşılaştırmaları için parametrik yöntemlerden biri olan t-testi ve ikiden fazla küme karşılaştırılmasında tek yönlü varyans analizi uygulanmıştır. Analiz sonucunda katılımcıların kurum, Covid-19'a yakalanma, Covid nedeniyle bir yakınını kaybetme ve eğitim türü değişkenlerine ile Covid-19 korku düzeyleri arasında anlamlı bir fark saptanmamıştır. Cinsiyet değişkeninde ise kadın katılımcılar lehine anlamlı bir farklılık bulunmuştur. Beden eğitimi öğretmenlerinin Covid-19 korku düzeylerinde eğitim kurumları ve eğitim uygulamaları arasındaki farklılıkların anlamlı olmadığı sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

koronavirüs, beden eğitimi öğreymenleri, covid-19 korkusu, online eğitim, geleneksel eğitim

References

• World Health Organization. (2010). What is a pandemic? Emergencies Preparedness, Response.
• World Health Organization. (2020). World Health Organization coronavirus disease (Covid-19) dashboard. World Health Organization.
• Burdorf A., Porru F., Rugulies R. (2020). The Covid-19 (Coronavirus) pandemic: consequences for occupational health. Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health. 46(3), 229-230.
• Colizzi M., Bortoletto R., Silvestri M., Mondini F., Puttini E., Cainelli C., Zoccante L. (2020). Medically unexplained symptoms in the times of Covid-19 pandemic: A case-report. Brain, Behavior, Immunity-Health. 5, 100073.
• Labrague LJ., De Los Santos JAA. (2021). Fear of Covid‐19, psychological distress, work satisfaction and turnover intention among frontline nurses. Journal of Nursing Management. 29(3), 395-403.
• Keshkar S., Dickson G., Ahonen A., Swart K., Adeasa F., Epstein A., Dodds M., Schwarz EC., Spittle S., Wright R., Seyfried M., Ghasemi H., Lawrence I., Murray D. (2021). The effects of coronavirus pandemic on the sports industry: An update. Annals of Applied Sport Science. 9(1), e964.
• Serafini G., Parmigiani B., Amerio A., Aguglia A., Sher L., Amore M. (2020). The psychological impact of Covid-19 on the mental health in the general population. An International Journal of Medicine. 113(8), 531-537.
• Özdin S., Bayrak Özdin Ş. (2020). Levels and predictors of anxiety, depression and health anxiety during Covid-19 pandemic in Turkish society: The importance of gender. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 66(5), 504-511.
• Mahmud MS., Talukder MU., Rahman SM. (2021). Does ‘fear of Covid-19’ trigger future career anxiety? An empirical investigation considering depression from covid-19 as a mediator. The International Journal of Social Psychiatry. 67(1), 35-45.
• Fong CJ. (2022). Academic motivation in a pandemic context: A conceptual review of prominent theories and an integrative model. Educational Psychology. 1-19.
• Sher L. (2020). Are Covid-19 survivors at increased risk for suicide?. Acta Neuropsychiatrica. 32(5), 270-270.
• Kaçoğlu C., Çobanoğlu HO., Şahin E. (2021). An investigation of fear of Covid-19 status in university student athletes from different sports associated with contact. Physical Education of Students. 25(2), 117-128.
• Lin CY. (2020). Social reaction toward the 2019 novel coronavirus (Covid-19). Social Health and Behavior. 3, 1-2.
• Asok A., Kandel ER., Rayman JB. (2019). The neurobiology of fear generalization. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience. 12, 329.
• Karasmanaki E., Tsantopoulos G. (2021). Impacts of social distancing during Covid-19 pandemic on the daily life of forestry students. Children and Youth Services Review. 120, 105781.
• Wang C., Pan R., Wan X., Tan Y., Xu L., Ho CS. (2020). Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (Covid-19) epidemic among the general population in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 17(5), 1729.
• Butnaru GI., Haller AP., Dragolea LL., Anichiti A., Tacu Hârșan GD. (2021). Students’ wellbeing during transition from onsite to online education: Are there risks arising from social isolation? International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 18(18), 9665.
• Mok MMC. (2021). Learning, education and collaboration with the support of digital technology. Educational Psychology. 41(1), 1-4.
• Walger P., Heininger U., Knuf M., Exner M., Popp W., Fischbach T., Simon A. (2020). Children and adolescents in the Covid-19 pandemic: Schools and daycare centers are to be opened again without restrictions. The protection of teachers, educators, carers and parents and the general hygiene rules do not conflict with this. GMS Hygiene and Infection Control. 15, 1-18.
• Nielsen KN., Fuglsang NV., Larsen I., Nilsson CJ. (2021). Covid-19 risk management and emotional reactions to Covid-19 among school teachers in Denmark: Results from the class study. Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 63(5), 357-362.
• Van Lancker W., Parolin Z. (2020). Covid-19 school closures, and child poverty: A social crisis in the making. The Lancet Public Health. 5(5), 243-244.
• Balcı A. (2020). Covid-19 özelinde salgınların eğitime etkileri. Uluslararası Liderlik Çalışmaları Dergisi: Kuram ve Uygulama. 3(3), 75-85.
• Tanhan A. (2020). Covid-19 sürecinde online seslifoto (OSF) yöntemiyle biyopsikososyal manevi ve ekonomik meseleleri ve genel iyi oluş düzeyini ele almak: OSF’nin Türkçeye uyarlanması. Electronic Turkish Studies. 15(4), 1029-1080.
• Urooj U., Ansari A., Siraj A., Khan S., Tariq H. (2020). Expectations, fears and perceptions of doctors during Covid-19 pandemic. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 36(Covid19-S4), 37-42.
• Cawcutt KA., Starlin R., Rupp ME. (2020). Fighting fear in healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology. 41(10), 1192-1193.
• Mrklas K., Shalaby R., Hrabok M., Gusnowski A., Vuong W., Surood S., Urichuk L., Li D., Li XM., Greenshaw AJ., Agyapong V. (2020). Prevalence of perceived stress, anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in health care workers and other workers in alberta during the Covid-19 pandemic: Cross-sectional survey. JMIR Mental Health. 7, E22408.
• Labrague LJ., De Los Santos JAA. (2021). Fear of Covid‐19, psychological distress, work satisfaction and turnover intention among frontline nurses. Journal of Nursing Management. 29(3), 395-403.
• Karasar N. (2018). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. 33. Basım. Ankara: Nobel Yayıncılık.
• Ahorsu DK., Lin CY., Imani V., Saffari M., Griffiths MD., Pakpour AH. (2020). The fear of Covid-19 scale: Development and initial validation. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 120(3), 1537-1545.
• Satici B., Gocet-Tekin E., Deniz ME., Satici SA. (2020). Adaptation of the fear of Covid-19 scale: Its association with psychological distress and life satisfaction in Turkey. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 19(6), 1980-1988.
• George D., Mallery M. (2010). SPSS for windows step by step: A simple guide and reference. 17.0 Update. 10. Basım. Boston: Pearson.
• Öğretmen Akademisi Vakfı. (2020). Pandemi Döneminde Gündelik Pratikler, Algı Ve Eğitim İhtiyaçları research raport. [Erişim tarihi: 01.10.2021]. https://www.Orav.Org.Tr/İ/Assets/Pdf/Degerlendirme-Raporlari/Pandemdonemindegundelikpratikler_Algi_Egitim_%C4%B0htiyaclar%C4%B1_ Ara%C5%9ft%C4%B1rmaraporu.Pdf
• Cervantes-Guevara G., Maciel-Saldierna M., Elizondo-Hernández E., Cervantes-Pérez LA., Cervantes-Cardona GA., García-Reyna B., Ibarrola-Pena JC., Almanza-Mena YL., Camacho FJB., Oraozca CF., Ciociano JMC., Barba JAG., Becerril pf., Elizalde EAR., González-Ojeda A. (2021). Fear of Covid-19 in high school personnel: A survey study in Western Mexico. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction. 120(3), 1687-1694.
• Allan NP., Oglesby ME., Uhl A., Schmidt NB. (2017). Cognitive risk factors explain the relations between neuroticism and social anxiety for males and females. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. 46(3), 224–238.
• Hatun O., Dicle AN., Demirci İ. (2020). Koronavirüs salgınının psikolojik yansımaları ve salgınla başa çıkma. Turkish Studies. 15(4), 531-554.
• Gerhold L. (2020). Covid-19: Risk perception and coping strategies. Freire Universitat Berlin.
• Yıldırım M., Geçer E., Akgül Ö. (2020). The impacts of vulnerability, perceived risk, and fear on preventive behaviours against Covid-19. Psychology, Health & Medicine. 26(1), 35-43.
• Teixeira L., De Freitas R., Abad A., Da Silva J., Antonelli-Ponti M., Mármora C., Campos L., Paiva S., Bastos S., Da Silva J. (2021). Psychological impacts of Covid-19 pandemic on the Brazilian population: Occupational analysis. World Journal of Neuroscience. 11, 145-160.
• Kukreti S., Ahorsu DK., Strong C., Chen IH., Lin CY., Ko NY., Griffiths MD., Chen YP., Kuo YJ., Pakpour AH. (2021). Post-traumatic stress disorder in chinese teachers during Covid-19 pandemic: Roles of fear of Covid-19, nomophobia, and psychological distress. Healthcare. 9(10), 1288.