The Comparison of Digitalization Levels of EU Countries with a Novel VIKOR Extension

Abstract

The concept of digitalization is gaining importance day by day. This study aims to compare the digitalization levels of European Union (EU) countries in the 2017-2022 period from a holistic perspective. Thus, in this study, the extension of the VIKOR method based on norm minimization (NM-VIKOR) is proposed, and this extension is generalized for group decision-making problems. This general case is called NMG-VIKOR. These approaches give unique solutions by definitions. As a result of the comparisons made using NM-VIKOR, Finland is first ranked in the years 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 whereas Denmark is first ranked in the years 2021 and 2022. As a result of the comparison using NMG-VIKOR for the whole period, Finland and Denmark rankings are obtained. In contrast, other EU countries are relatively inadequate in terms of digital development.

Keywords

• European Union
• Multi-criteria decision-making
• DESI
• Digitalization
• Convex optimization
• VIKOR

AB Ülkelerinin Dijitalleşme Seviyelerinin Yeni Bir VIKOR Uzantısıyla Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Dijitalleşme kavramı gün geçtikçe önem kazanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı Avrupa Birliği (AB) ülkelerinin 2017-2022 dönemindeki dijitalleşme seviyelerinin bütüncül bir bakış açısıyla karşılaştırılmasıdır. Bu nedenle VIKOR yönteminin norm minimizasyonuna dayalı bir uzantısı (NM-VIKOR) bu çalışmada önerilmiştir ve bu uzantı grup karar verme problemleri için genelleştirilmiştir. Bu genel hal NMG-VIKOR olarak adlandırılmıştır. Bu yaklaşımlar tanımları gereği tek çözüm vermektedir. NM-VIKOR kullanılarak yapılan karşılaştırmalara göre; 2021 ve 2022 yıllarında Danimarka ilk sırada iken 2017, 2018, 2019 ve 2020 yıllarında Finlandiya ilk sıradadır. Tüm periyot için NMG-VIKOR kullanılarak yapılan karşılaştırmaya göre; Finlandiya ve Danimarka sıralaması vardır. Buna karşın diğer AB ülkeleri dijital gelişim açısından görece yetersizdir.

Keywords

• Avrupa Birliği
• Çok kriterli karar verme
• DESI
• Dijitalleşme
• Konveks optimizasyon
• VIKOR

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