Does Beverage Consumption Affect Sleep Quality?

Abstract

Sleep quality is important due to affects many physiological functions in the body. Recently, it has been considered that an increase in beverage consumption may lead to some negative effects on sleep quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of beverage consumption on sleep quality. 254 individuals, consisting of 181 females and 73 males, included in the study. The questionnaire including demographic characteristics, anthropometrical measurements, questions about physical activity, beverage consumption form, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index conducted by face-to-face method. The mean Pittsburgh Sleep Quality score was 5.81±3.36. It was determined that 55.5% of the participants (n=141) n had good sleep quality. Even though the amount of caffeine intake from beverages, consumption number of the caffeinated and stimulant beverages have a negative impact on sleep quality, the level of this impact is low (P<0.05) (r=0.15, 0.15, 0.14). The consumption of coffee without cream deteriorates sleep quality 4.8 times, while ayran (drinkable yogurt, buttermilk) deteriorates sleep quality 2.6 times. It is considered that the lessening in the consumption of ayran, coffee without cream, caffeinated beverages and stimulant beverages could improve quality.

Keywords

• Artificially sweetened beverages
• Buttermilk
• Coffee
• Energy drinks
• Sleep

References

1. Agargun M. 1996. Pittsburgh uyku kalitesi indeksinin gecerligi ve guvenirligi. Turk Psikiyatri Derg, 7: 107-115.
2. Buysse DJ, Reynolds CF, Monk TH, Berman SR, Kupfer DJ. 1989. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research. Psychiatry Res, 28(2): 193-213.
3. Calamaro CJ, Yang K, Ratcliffe S, Chasens ER. 2012. Wired at a young age: the effect of caffeine and technology on sleep duration and body mass index in school-aged children. J Pediat Health Care, 26(4): 276-282.
4. Campbell EJ, Marchant NJ, Lawrence AJ. 2020. A sleeping giant: Suvorexant for the treatment of alcohol use disorder? Brain Res, 1731: 145902.
5. Chaput JP, Després JP, Bouchard C, Astrup A, Tremblay A. 2009. Sleep duration as a risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance: analyses of the Quebec family Study. Sleep Medic, 10(8): 919-924.
6. Chaput JP, Després JP, Bouchard C, Tremblay A. 2008. The association between sleep duration and weight gain in adults: a 6-year prospective study from the Quebec family study. Sleep, 31(4): 517-523.
7. Chaput JP, Tremblay MS, Katzmarzyk PT, Fogelholm M, Hu G, Maher C, Sarmiento OL. 2018. Sleep patterns and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among children from around the world. Pub Health Nutri, 21(13): 2385-2393.
8. Chaudhary NS, Taylor BV, Grandner MA, Troxel WM, Chakravorty S. 2021. The effects of caffeinated products on sleep and functioning in the military population: A focused review. Pharmacol Biochem Behav, 206: 173206.

9. Clark I, Landolt HP. 2017. Coffee, caffeine, and sleep: A systematic review of epidemiological studies and randomized controlled trials. Sleep Medic Rev, 31: 70-78.
10. Del Brutto OH, Mera RM, Zambrano M, Castillo PR. 2016. Caffeine intake has no effect on sleep quality in community dwellers living in a rural Ecuadorian village (The Atahualpa Project). Sleep Sci, 9(1): 35-39.
11. Faris MAIE, Jahrami H, Al‐Hilali MM, Chehyber NJ, Ali SO, Shahda SD, Obaid RS. 2017. Energy drink consumption is associated with reduced sleep quality among college students: a cross‐sectional study. Nutri Diet, 74(3): 268-274.
12. Halldorsson T, Kristjansson A, Thorisdottir I, Oddsdóttir C, Sveinbjörnsson J, Benediktsson R, Gunnlaugsdóttir H. 2021. Caffeine exposure from beverages and its association with self-reported sleep duration and quality in a large sample of Icelandic adolescents. Food Chem Toxicol, 157: 112549.
13. He S, Hasler BP, Chakravorty S. 2019. Alcohol and sleep-related problems. Curr Ppinion Psychol, 30: 117-122.
14. Hirshkowitz M, Whiton K, Albert SM, Alessi C, Bruni O, DonCarlos L, Kheirandish-Gozal L. 2015. National Sleep Foundation’s sleep time duration recommendations: methodology and results summary. Sleep Health, 1(1): 40-43.
15. Knutson KL, Van Cauter E, Rathouz PJ, Yan LL, Hulley SB, Liu K, Lauderdale DS. 2009. Association between sleep and blood pressure in midlife: the CARDIA sleep study. Arch Internal Medic, 169(11): 1055-1061.
16. Li W, Wu M, Yuan F, Zhang H. 2018. Sugary beverage consumption mediates the relationship between late chronotype, sleep duration, and weight increase among undergraduates: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prevent Medic, 23(1): 63.
17. Lloyd-Jones DM, Hong Y, Labarthe D, Mozaffarian D, Appel LJ, Van Horn L, Tomaselli GF. 2010. Defining and setting national goals for cardiovascular health promotion and disease reduction: the American Heart Association’s strategic impact goal through 2020 and beyond. Circulation, 121(4): 586-613.
18. Lohsoonthorn V, Khidir H, Casillas G, Lertmaharit S, Tadesse MG, Pensuksan WC, Williams MA. 2013. Sleep quality and sleep patterns in relation to consumption of energy drinks, caffeinated beverages, and other stimulants among Thai college students. Sleep and Breath, 17(3): 1017-1028.
19. Marshall AL, Smith BJ, Bauman AE, Kaur S. 2005. Reliability and validity of a brief physical activity assessment for use by family doctors. British J Sports Medic, 39(5): 294-297.
20. Ogden CL, Kit BK, Carroll MD, Park S. 2011. Consumption of sugar drinks in the United States, 2005-2008. NCHS Data Brief, 71: 1-8. PMID: 22617020.
21. Önder H. 2018. Nonparametric Statistical Methods Used In Biological Experiments. BSJ Eng Sci, 1(1): 1-6.
22. Prather AA, Leung CW, Adler NE, Ritchie L, Laraia B, Epel ES. 2016. Short and sweet: Associations between self-reported sleep duration and sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among adults in the United States. Sleep Health, 2(4): 272-276.
23. Reichert CF, Veitz S, Bühler M, Gruber G, Deuring G, Rehm SS, Slawik H. 2021. Wide awake at bedtime? Effects of caffeine on sleep and circadian timing in male adolescents–a randomized crossover trial. Biochem Pharmacol, 191: 114283.
24. Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Hamilton HA, Chaput JP. 2018. Sleep duration and consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and energy drinks among adolescents. Nutrition, 48: 77-81.
25. Sanchez SE, Martinez C, Oriol RA, Yanez D, Castañeda B, Sanchez E, Williams MA. 2013. Sleep quality, sleep patterns and consumption of energy drinks and other caffeinated beverages among Peruvian college students. Health, 5(8B): 26.
26. Shigeta H, Shigeta M, Nakazawa A, Nakamura N, Yoshikawa T. 2001. Lifestyle, obesity, and insulin resistance. Diabetes Care, 24(3): 608-608.
27. Simou E, Britton J, Leonardi-Bee J. 2018. Alcohol and the risk of sleep apnoea: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Medic, 42: 38-46.
28. Singh M, Drake CL, Roehrs T, Hudgel DW, Roth T. 2005. The association between obesity and short sleep duration: a population-based study. J Clin Sleep Medic, 1(04): 357-363.
29. Suna G, Ayaz A. 2018. Relationship between caffeinated beverages and sleep quality in university students. Clin Nutri, 37: S131-S132.
30. USDA. 2019. USDA food composition database. URL: https://ndb.nal.usda.gov/ndb/nutrients/report/nutrientsfrm?max=25&offset=0&totCount=0&nutrient1=262&nutrient2=&fg=14&subset=0&sort=c&measureby=g (access date: September 12, 2021).
31. Vélez JC, Souza A, Traslaviña S, Barbosa C, Wosu A, Andrade A, Williams MA. 2013. The epidemiology of sleep quality and consumption of stimulant beverages among Patagonian Chilean college students. Sleep Disor, 2013: 910104.
32. Vioque J, Torres A, Quiles J. 2000. Time spent watching television, sleep duration and obesity in adults living in Valencia, Spain. Int J Obesity, 24(12): 1683-1688.
33. Wolf A, Bray G, Popkin B. 2008. A short history of beverages and how our body treats them. Obesity Rev, 9(2): 151-164.
34. WHO. 2020. World Health Organization: Body mass index - BMI. URL: https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/nutrition/a-healthy-lifestyle/body-mass-index-bmi (access date: October 17, 2021).
35. Young DR, Sidell MA, Grandner MA, Koebnick C, Troxel W. 2020. Dietary behaviors and poor sleep quality among young adult women: watch that sugary caffeine! Sleep Health, 6(2): 214-219.
36. Zielinski MR, McKenna JT, McCarley RW. 2016. Functions and mechanisms of sleep. AIMS Neurosci, 3(1): 67.