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Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo

Year 2023, , 115 - 125, 01.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.52704/bssocialscience.1298274

Abstract

The political history of Samachablo (Didi Liakhvi Gorge) is closely related to the fight of the representatives of the Georgian Royal House and the feudal aristocracy against the Russian authorities that had become active since 1802. Although several members of the clan of the Machabeli feudal lords were in the service of the Russian government, their overall attitude was sharply anti-Russian. The Machabels took an active position in the actions against Russia’s colonial policy and fought in support of members of the Kartli-Kakheti Royal House. The rebellious Georgian princes tried to form a united front against the Russians. In the pursuit of the common goal of the Caucasians, they also relied on the support of the Ossetians, which were loyal to the Royal House. Georgian historical sources have retained a lot of information on the active relations of the Georgian kings with the Ossetians living in the North Caucasus, which often fought side by side with the Georgians during the invasions of foreign enemies. The Emperor’s Court of Russia exerted a political pressure on the small nations in the Caucasus region. Ossetians also could not escape the Russian aggression. The German traveller Güldenstädt narrates of the Ossetian population's confrontation with Russian troops that often resulted in casualties on the part of the Ossetians. The support from Ossetians for Georgia occupied by Russia soon became evident. Vakhtang Batonishvili, who rebelled in 1802, was actively assisted by Ossetians from Tagauri, because of which, Russian General Tuchkov imposed economic sanctions on the Ossetians. This meant that the Ossetians were prevented from importing grains from the lowland. This was, of course, a major blow to the Ossetians living in the mountains. In 1804, Governor-General Tsitsianov also tried to block the road for the Ossetians from Tagauri in order to prevent them from connecting further to Georgia. Russia had become a common enemy for the peoples living in the Caucasus. Therefore, the representatives of the Court of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti tried to take mutual efforts against Russia. Georgian princes placed special hopes on the Ossetians, which were their historical allies.

References

  • ACAC. 1866. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume I. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 834.
  • ACAC. 1868. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume II. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 1238.
  • ACAC. 1869. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume III. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 767.
  • ACAC. 1870. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume IV. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 1019.
  • ACAC. 1873. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume V. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 1187.
  • ACAC. 1874. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume VI. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 957.
  • ACAC. 1881. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume VIII. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 1033.
  • ACAC. 1885. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume X. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 982.
  • Batonishvili B. 1941. A New Tale, David Batonishvili, a New History. Lomouri, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 95.
  • Bendianishvili Al. 1980. National Issue in Georgia. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 153
  • Berdzenishvili M. 1983. Materials for the History of Georgian Public of the Ist Half of the 19th century, v. II. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 77.
  • CHelidze V. 1968. Iv. Machabeli. Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 29
  • Chumburidze Z. 2005. Princes and Noblemen of Kartli-Kakheti. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 247.
  • Daushvili R, Janelidze O. 2019. Giorgi Machabeli. Tbilisi, Georgia.
  • Gozalishvili G. 1935. The 1832 Conspiracy, v. I. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 140.
  • Gozalishvili G. 1970. The 1832 Conspiracy, v. II. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 599.
  • Gozalishvili G. 1976. The 1832 Conspiracy, v. III. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 103.
  • Grdzelidze R. 1993. The 1832 Conspiracy in Georgia. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 31-32;
  • Javakhishvili NG. 2003. Georgians under the Russian Banner. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 134.
  • Kipiani D. 1990. Memoires. Khutsishvili, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 18.
  • Leonidze G. 1924. Ivane Machabeli. Mnatobi magazine, N 2, pp: 166.
  • Lordkipanidze M. 1994. Essays on Georgian History. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 209.
  • Makharadze A. 1873. Georgian Romanticism. Tsiskari magazine, N 9, pp: 257.
  • Makharadze A. 1982. Georgian Romanticism. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 153.
  • Mgebrishvili A. 2019. Tskinvali in the Period of the Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918-1921), University of Tibilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 263.
  • Orjonikidze E. 1999. Alexander Batonishvili`s Fight Against Russian Authorities. Lomouri, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 13.
  • Sosiashvili G. 2002. Yulon Batonishvili and Samachablo. Newspaper “Literaturuli Tskhinvali“, N 7, pp: 4.
  • Sosiashvili G. 2007. German Travellers on Ossetians. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 68.
  • Sosiashvili G. 2011. Attempt to Create a Georgian-Ossetian Coalition against Russian (1st quarter of the 19th century). Gori State Teaching University, Center of History and Archaeology, , Collection of Works, Gori, Georgia, pp: 122-123.
  • Sosiashvili G. 2016. Fight of the Machabels against the Colonial Policy of Tsarism, (1st half of the 19th century). Gori State Teaching University, Center of History and Archaeology, Collection of Works, Gori, Georgia, pp: 18-33.
  • Sosiashvili G. 2019. From the History of the Zhuruli Family History, anniversary collection: Eldar Mamistvalashvili-80. Gori State Teaching University, Gori, Georgis, pp: 197-198.
  • Sukhitashvili G. 2008. Ossetian Population`s Protest Movement against Russian Authorities in 1817-1821. The First International Scientific Conference of Gori State University, May 10-12, 2008, Gori, Georgia, pp: 161.
  • Togoshvili G. 1969. Georgia-Ossetia Relationship, XV-XVIII cc. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 73.
  • Togoshvili TD, Tskhovrebov TB. 1962. History of South Ossetia in documents and materials. Comp, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 251.
  • Tsiskari. 1873. Magazine, N 9.
  • Tsotniashvili M. 1986. History of Tskhinvali (Tskhinvali in the Period of Feudalism). Tskhinvali, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 368.
  • Tsverava M, Katamadze T. 2018. An Unknown Document on the Lands of Abesalom Machabeli. Georgian Heritage, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 218.
  • Uturashvili I. 1991. Tekle Bagrationi. Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 39.

Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo

Year 2023, , 115 - 125, 01.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.52704/bssocialscience.1298274

Abstract

The political history of Samachablo (Didi Liakhvi Gorge) is closely related to the fight of the representatives of the Georgian Royal House and the feudal aristocracy against the Russian authorities that had become active since 1802. Although several members of the clan of the Machabeli feudal lords were in the service of the Russian government, their overall attitude was sharply anti-Russian. The Machabels took an active position in the actions against Russia’s colonial policy and fought in support of members of the Kartli-Kakheti Royal House. The rebellious Georgian princes tried to form a united front against the Russians. In the pursuit of the common goal of the Caucasians, they also relied on the support of the Ossetians, which were loyal to the Royal House. Georgian historical sources have retained a lot of information on the active relations of the Georgian kings with the Ossetians living in the North Caucasus, which often fought side by side with the Georgians during the invasions of foreign enemies. The Emperor’s Court of Russia exerted a political pressure on the small nations in the Caucasus region. Ossetians also could not escape the Russian aggression. The German traveller Güldenstädt narrates of the Ossetian population's confrontation with Russian troops that often resulted in casualties on the part of the Ossetians. The support from Ossetians for Georgia occupied by Russia soon became evident. Vakhtang Batonishvili, who rebelled in 1802, was actively assisted by Ossetians from Tagauri, because of which, Russian General Tuchkov imposed economic sanctions on the Ossetians. This meant that the Ossetians were prevented from importing grains from the lowland. This was, of course, a major blow to the Ossetians living in the mountains. In 1804, Governor-General Tsitsianov also tried to block the road for the Ossetians from Tagauri in order to prevent them from connecting further to Georgia. Russia had become a common enemy for the peoples living in the Caucasus. Therefore, the representatives of the Court of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti tried to take mutual efforts against Russia. Georgian princes placed special hopes on the Ossetians, which were their historical allies.

References

  • ACAC. 1866. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume I. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 834.
  • ACAC. 1868. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume II. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 1238.
  • ACAC. 1869. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume III. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 767.
  • ACAC. 1870. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume IV. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 1019.
  • ACAC. 1873. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume V. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 1187.
  • ACAC. 1874. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume VI. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 957.
  • ACAC. 1881. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume VIII. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 1033.
  • ACAC. 1885. Acts Collected Caucasian Archaeological Commission: Volume X. Printing Press of the Chief Administration of the Viceroy of the Caucasus, Tiflis, Georgia, pp: 982.
  • Batonishvili B. 1941. A New Tale, David Batonishvili, a New History. Lomouri, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 95.
  • Bendianishvili Al. 1980. National Issue in Georgia. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 153
  • Berdzenishvili M. 1983. Materials for the History of Georgian Public of the Ist Half of the 19th century, v. II. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 77.
  • CHelidze V. 1968. Iv. Machabeli. Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 29
  • Chumburidze Z. 2005. Princes and Noblemen of Kartli-Kakheti. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 247.
  • Daushvili R, Janelidze O. 2019. Giorgi Machabeli. Tbilisi, Georgia.
  • Gozalishvili G. 1935. The 1832 Conspiracy, v. I. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 140.
  • Gozalishvili G. 1970. The 1832 Conspiracy, v. II. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 599.
  • Gozalishvili G. 1976. The 1832 Conspiracy, v. III. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 103.
  • Grdzelidze R. 1993. The 1832 Conspiracy in Georgia. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 31-32;
  • Javakhishvili NG. 2003. Georgians under the Russian Banner. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 134.
  • Kipiani D. 1990. Memoires. Khutsishvili, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 18.
  • Leonidze G. 1924. Ivane Machabeli. Mnatobi magazine, N 2, pp: 166.
  • Lordkipanidze M. 1994. Essays on Georgian History. Metsniereba, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 209.
  • Makharadze A. 1873. Georgian Romanticism. Tsiskari magazine, N 9, pp: 257.
  • Makharadze A. 1982. Georgian Romanticism. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 153.
  • Mgebrishvili A. 2019. Tskinvali in the Period of the Democratic Republic of Georgia (1918-1921), University of Tibilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 263.
  • Orjonikidze E. 1999. Alexander Batonishvili`s Fight Against Russian Authorities. Lomouri, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 13.
  • Sosiashvili G. 2002. Yulon Batonishvili and Samachablo. Newspaper “Literaturuli Tskhinvali“, N 7, pp: 4.
  • Sosiashvili G. 2007. German Travellers on Ossetians. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 68.
  • Sosiashvili G. 2011. Attempt to Create a Georgian-Ossetian Coalition against Russian (1st quarter of the 19th century). Gori State Teaching University, Center of History and Archaeology, , Collection of Works, Gori, Georgia, pp: 122-123.
  • Sosiashvili G. 2016. Fight of the Machabels against the Colonial Policy of Tsarism, (1st half of the 19th century). Gori State Teaching University, Center of History and Archaeology, Collection of Works, Gori, Georgia, pp: 18-33.
  • Sosiashvili G. 2019. From the History of the Zhuruli Family History, anniversary collection: Eldar Mamistvalashvili-80. Gori State Teaching University, Gori, Georgis, pp: 197-198.
  • Sukhitashvili G. 2008. Ossetian Population`s Protest Movement against Russian Authorities in 1817-1821. The First International Scientific Conference of Gori State University, May 10-12, 2008, Gori, Georgia, pp: 161.
  • Togoshvili G. 1969. Georgia-Ossetia Relationship, XV-XVIII cc. University of Tbilisi, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 73.
  • Togoshvili TD, Tskhovrebov TB. 1962. History of South Ossetia in documents and materials. Comp, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 251.
  • Tsiskari. 1873. Magazine, N 9.
  • Tsotniashvili M. 1986. History of Tskhinvali (Tskhinvali in the Period of Feudalism). Tskhinvali, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 368.
  • Tsverava M, Katamadze T. 2018. An Unknown Document on the Lands of Abesalom Machabeli. Georgian Heritage, Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 218.
  • Uturashvili I. 1991. Tekle Bagrationi. Tbilisi, Georgia, pp: 39.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Historical Geography
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Giorgi Sosiashvili 0000-0002-2406-8662

Publication Date July 1, 2023
Submission Date May 17, 2023
Acceptance Date June 23, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Sosiashvili, G. (2023). Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo. Black Sea Journal of Public and Social Science, 6(2), 115-125. https://doi.org/10.52704/bssocialscience.1298274
AMA Sosiashvili G. Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo. BSJ Pub. Soc. Sci. July 2023;6(2):115-125. doi:10.52704/bssocialscience.1298274
Chicago Sosiashvili, Giorgi. “Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo”. Black Sea Journal of Public and Social Science 6, no. 2 (July 2023): 115-25. https://doi.org/10.52704/bssocialscience.1298274.
EndNote Sosiashvili G (July 1, 2023) Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo. Black Sea Journal of Public and Social Science 6 2 115–125.
IEEE G. Sosiashvili, “Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo”, BSJ Pub. Soc. Sci., vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 115–125, 2023, doi: 10.52704/bssocialscience.1298274.
ISNAD Sosiashvili, Giorgi. “Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo”. Black Sea Journal of Public and Social Science 6/2 (July 2023), 115-125. https://doi.org/10.52704/bssocialscience.1298274.
JAMA Sosiashvili G. Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo. BSJ Pub. Soc. Sci. 2023;6:115–125.
MLA Sosiashvili, Giorgi. “Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo”. Black Sea Journal of Public and Social Science, vol. 6, no. 2, 2023, pp. 115-2, doi:10.52704/bssocialscience.1298274.
Vancouver Sosiashvili G. Colonial Policy of Russia and Samachablo. BSJ Pub. Soc. Sci. 2023;6(2):115-2.

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