Determination of Some Yield Characteristics of Hungarian Vetch Varieties and their Evaluation as Bee Pasture

Abstract

This study was carried out to determine some yield characteristics of Hungarian vetch varieties and to evaluate them as bee pastures based on bee-plant relationship. Eight Hungarian vetch varieties were used in the study. In Bingöl province, where the research was carried out, flowering of Hungarian vetch started on April 18. Counts started on April 23 and ended on May 11. Hungarian vetch remained blooming for about three weeks in Bingöl province. An average of 14.9 bees per m2 visited the Hungarian vetch and the bees remained on the flower for an average of 9.0 seconds. It has been determined that Hungarian vetch has an average of 377 flowers per m2, the natural plant height is 38.7 cm, the fruit per plant is 21.3, the seed per fruit is 4.0, the seed yield is 22.5 kg/da, and the thousand-seed weight is 33.0 g. Also, it was observed that the Hungarian vetch reached the highest natural plant height by April 30, the number of bees visiting the plant was high on May 04-07, the bees stayed on flower for a long time when the plant bloomed the most. It was seen that Kansur and Efes varieties are distinguishable for the features such as the number of bees per m2, the duration of the bee staying on flower, and the number of flowers, while the features such as natural plant height, seed yield and thousand-seed weight, are distinguished in Akçalar, Efes and Tarm Beyazı varieties.

Keywords

• Hungarian vetch
• Bee pasture
• Vicia pannonica Crantz
• Seed yield

References

1. Albayrak, S., Türk, M., & Yüksel, O. (2011). Effect of row spacing and seeding rate on Hungarian vetch yield and quality. Turkish Journal of Field Crops, 16(1), 54-58.
2. Bakoğlu, A., Kökten, K. & Karadavut, U. (2004). A study on the adaptation of some Hungarian vetch hats and people to Bingol currency. III. Bingol Symposium, 93-99.
3. Bakoğlu, A. & Kutlu, M. A. (2006). A research on the effect of different row space on some agricultural traits and use of bee foraging in phacelia (Phacelia tanecetifolia Benntham) grown under irrigated conditions of Bingöl. Uludag Bee Journal, 6(1), 33-38.
4. Balabanlı, C., Avcıoğlu, R., Hatipoğlu, R. & Karadağ, Y. (2009). Forage crops, leguminous forage crops, Cilt II. İzmir: TC. Publications of the Ministry of Agriculture, General Directorate of Agricultural Production and Development, 417-418.
5. Benedek, (1996). In: Nyeki, J. & Soltesz, M. (eds.) Floral Biology of Temperate Zone and Small Fruits. Akademia Kaido, Budapest, Hungary. Insect Pollination of Fruit Crops (pp. 287-342).
6. Çaçan, E., Nursoy, H. & Şahin, E. (2021). Changes in yield, quality and nutrient content of Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz) in different sowing times. Yuzuncu Yil University Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31 (3), 733-741.
7. Çankaya, N. & Korkmaz, A. (2008). Samsun Provincial Directorate of Agriculture Farmer Education and Extension Branch Publication.
8. Erdoğdu, İ., Sever, A. L. & Atalay, A. K. (2016). Forage and seed yields of Hungarian vetch lines and varieties under Eskişehir ecological conditions. Journal of Field Crops Central Research Institute, 25 (2), 230-234.

9. Hashalıcı, S., Uzun, S., Özaktan, H. & Kaplan, M. (2017). Determination of forage yield and quality of some Hungarian vetch cultivars at Kayseri arid conditions. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erciyes University, 14(2), 113-123.
10. Kızılşimşek, M. & Ateş, F. (2004). The flowering course of bee grass (Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth.) in Kahramanmaraş conditions at different planting times and its evaluation as a bee pasture. K.S.Ü. Journal of Science and Engineering, 7(11), 96-103.
11. Kumova, U., Sağlamtimur, T. & Korkmaz, A. (2001). Research on honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) foraging preferences among varieties of phacelia (Phacelia Tanacetifolia Bentham). Mellifera, 1(1), 27-32.
12. Kutlu, M. A., Bakoğlu, A. & Batmaz, B. (2005). Colony performances of queenbee that are different aged are growed in beekeeping of Bingol college of Firat University. Eastern Anatolia Region Researches, 19-22.
13. Kutlu, M. A., Kiliç, Ö., Özdemir, F. A. & Bakır, Y. M. (2018). An investigation about Phacelia tanacetifolia Benth. from Olur District (Erzurum). International Journal of Scientific and Technological Research, 4(3), 61-69.
14. Kuvancı, A. & Deveci, M. (2010, October, 05-08). The plant of phacelia (Phacelia tanacetifolia Bentham), sainfoin (Onobrychis sativa L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) evaluation with respect to honey bee preference. 2nd International Mugla Beekeeping & Pine Honey Congress, Mugla-Turkey.
15. Kuvancı, A., Deveci, M., Alay, F., Çankaya, N. & Avcı, M. (2016). Importance of berseem clover (Trifolium Alexandrinum L.) and phacelia (Phacelia Tanacetifolia B.) plants in honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) preference. Journal of Field Crops Central Research Institute, 25 (Special issue-2), 188-194.
16. Özyiğit, Y. & Bilgen, M. (2003, October, 13-17). The effect of different cutting stages on the yield, quality and agricultural characteristics of some forage legume - bee plants [Poster Notice]. Turkey 5th Field Crops Congress, Diyarbakır.
17. Sayar, M. S., Karahan, H., Han, Y., Tekdal, S. & Başbağ, M. (2012). Determination of forage yield, its affecting components and relationships among traits of some Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica CRANTZ.) genotypes in Kızıltepe ecological conditions. Journal of Agricultural Sciences Research , 5(2), 126-130.
18. Serin, Y. & Tan, M., (1999). Forage crop cultivation in fallow fields. Serin Y. eds. In: Meadow-Passage Management and Improvement. Publications of the Ministry of Agriculture, General Directorate of Agricultural Production and Development (pp. 69-81).
19. Serin, Y. & Tan, M., (2008). Forage crops and pasture based livestock training. Kayseri: Erciyes University Publication No.:160. S.S Yerköy Village Agricultural Development Cooperative , 2, 107-117.
20. Tansı, V. & Kumova, U. (1999). A research on the possibilities of using some forage plants as bee pastures and the determination of seed yield quality. Ç.Ü. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, 14, 81-90.
21. Tenikecier, H., Orak, S., Tekeli, A., & Gültekin Birol, A. S. (2020). The effects of different harvest stages on herbage yield and some quality characteristics of some Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) genotypes. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, 7(4), 833-847.
22. Tuncer, K. (2014). Influence of different nitrogen doses on plant properties and forage quality of phacelia (Phacelia Tanacetifolia Bentham). Bozok University Institute of Science and Technology Department of Field Crops, Master Thesis, Yozgat.
23. Uzun, A., Bilgili, U., Sincik, M. & Açıkgöz, E. (2004). Effects of seeding rates on yield and yield components of Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.). Turk Journal of Agriculture and Foresty, 28, 179-182.