Falepili Birliği Antlaşması: İklim Değişikliği ve Deniz Seviyesi Artışına Dâir Somut Bir Çözüm Girişimi

Year 2023, Volume: 4 Issue: 8, 135 - 168, 28.12.2023

Anıl Çamyamaç

Abstract

İklim değişikliğinin en önde gelen sorunlarından biri, deniz seviyesindeki artışa bağlı olarak ada devletlerinin batması olmaktadır. Bilim insanlarına göre, Pasifik hatta Hint Okyanuslarında konumlanan alçak seviyedeki ada devletleri görülebilir bir gelecekte yok olacaktır. Eğer bu gerçekleşirse, sosyal, iktisadi, siyasi ve hukuki alanlarda birçok sorunun ortaya çıkması muhtemeldir. Böylelikle, hukuki sorunlar iki ana kategoride ele alınabilir. İlk kategori bu devletlerin deniz sınırlarıyla ilgilidir. İkinci kategori ise, bu devletlerin gelecekteki hukuki statüleri ve ilgili devletlerin halklarının gelecekteki kaderine ilişkin soruları gündeme taşımalıdır. Böylelikle, çeşitli düzeylerde tartışmalar yapılagelmiştir. Nihayetinde Avustralya ve Tuvalu arasında bir antlaşma bağıtlanmıştır ki; ilki iklim değişikliğine katkısı bulunan en önemli devletlerden biriyken, ikincisi bu fenomenden en fazla etkilenme olasılığı olan devletlerden biridir. Bu çerçevede, bu makalenin temel amacı bu antlaşmanın hukuki bağlamda analizi olmaktadır. Bunun yapılması için bölümler şu şekilde düzenlenmiştir:

İklim değişikliği çerçevesinde deniz seviyesinin artışının muhtemel etkileri ve Tuvalu;

Deniz seviyesi artışına dair ülkesellik açısından getirilen çözüm önerileri;

Antlaşma hükümlerinin ve içeriklerinin değerlendirilmesi.

Keywords

Falepili Birlik Anlaşması , Deniz Seviyesi Artışı , Tuvalu , Egemenlik , Uti Possidetis İlkesi

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