Müzelerde Göçün 'Aşağıdan' Temsili: Almanya'da Bir Göç Müzesi Olarak DOMiD Örneği

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 42 Sayı: 2, 142 - 156, 07.02.2024

Esra Can-mollaer

Öz

Müzelerin modern toplumun inşasında, bilginin üretiminde ve sosyo-ekonomik dönüşümleri şekillendirmede oynadığı rol, sosyal teorinin araştırma gündemlerini uzun süredir meşgul etmektedir. Göçün siyasi gündemleri ve toplumsal dinamikleri şekillendirmede kilit bir faktör olarak artan önemi, kitlesel göç hareketlerinin sosyo-politik ve sosyo-ekonomik yansımalarıyla birleştiğinde, tekil ve tutarlı ulusal kimlikler tasvir eden müze anlatılarına yönelik itirazları tetiklemekle kalmamış, aynı zamanda göç konusunun göç müzeleri aracılığıyla temsil edilmesinin de yolunu açmış gözükmektedir. Müzelerin dönüşen rolünü eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla ele alan bu çalışma, 1992 yılında bir grup Türkiyeli göçmen tarafından kurulan DOMiD- 'Almanya'da Göç Dokümantasyon Merkezi ve Müzesi’’nin müze pratikleri aracılığıyla göç tarihini nasıl temsil ettiğini incelemektedir. Bu çalışma, 'yeni müzecilik' ilkelerini model aldığını iddia ettiği DOMiD'in göç müzesi pratiklerini ele almaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, DOMiD’in müze mekanında göç temsil ve anlatılarını nasıl 'aşağıdan' bir yaklaşımla (Clifford, 1997; Chakrabarty, 2002; Sandell, 2007) ve 'temas bölgesi' (Clifford, 1997) kavramından hareketle kurduğu incelemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Müze, göç, ulus-devlet, göç müzeleri

Representing Migration in Museums ‘From Below’: The Case of DOMiD as a Migration Museum in Germany

Öz

The role and significance of museums in shaping modern society, constructing knowledge, and driving social and economic transformations have long occupied the research agendas of social theory. The increasing significance of migration as a key factor in shaping political agendas and social dynamics, coupled with the socio-political and socio-economic repercussions of mass migration movements, has triggered not only contestations of museum narratives that depict singular and cohesive national identities but also led to the very representation of the topic of migration through migration museums. Viewing the role of museums from a critical standpoint, this study explores how DOMiD- ‘Documentation Center and Museum of Migration in Germany’, founded in 1992 by a group of migrants from Turkey, contests the history of migration through its museum practices. This study examines how DOMiD's museum practices and museum representation of migration, which it argues exemplify the principles of 'new museology', are conceived through a ‘from below’ approach (Clifford, 1997; Chakrabarty, 2002; Sandell, 2007) and the notion of a 'contact zone' (Clifford, 1997).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Museum, migration, nation-state, migration museums

Kaynakça

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