Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Neotectonics of Turkey and its geothermal implication

Year 2023, , 107 - 122, 25.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.1219987

Abstract

Favourable conditions for geothermal energy were created in Turkey during its neotectonic episode from Neogene to Quaternary. This episode is characterized mainly by fluvio-lacustrine sedimentation and strike-slip tectonics with associated magmatism. Under these conditions, a great number of geothermal areas have formed in the neotectonic provinces in association with major tectonic features, including the North and East Anatolian Fault Zones (NAFZ and EAFZ, respectively). Today, the geothermal resources of Turkey are mainly located in the West Anatolian Extensional Province associated with the graben systems. However, the Central Anatolian Ova Neotectonic Province is considered as one of the most promising geothermal targets which are characterized by the presence of widespread hot dry rock systems. This study mainly aims to throw light on the possible potentiality of these resources at Kırşehir Block by emphasizing the neotectonic evolution of the country.

References

  • Aksoy, E., İnceöz, M., Koçyiǧit, A. 2007. Lake Hazar basin: A negative flower structure on the East Anatolian Fault System (EAFS), SE Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Science 16(3), 319–338.
  • Alacali, M. 2018. Hydrogeochemical investigation of geothermal springs in Erzurum, East Anatolia (Turkey). Environmental Earth Sciences 77(24), 1-13.
  • Aldanmaz, E., Pearce, J. A., Thirlwall, M. F., Mitchell, J. G. 2000. Petrogenetic evolution of late Cenozoic, post-collision volcanism in western Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 102(1-2), 67–95.
  • Ateş, A., Bilim, F., Büyüksaraç, A. 2005. Curie point depth investigation of central Anatolia, Turkey. Pure and Applied Geophysics 162(2), 357–371.
  • Aydemir, A., Bilim, F., Koşaroğlu, S., Büyüksaraç, A. 2019. Thermal structure of the Cappadocia region, Turkey: a review with geophysical methods. Mediterranean Geoscience Reviews 1(2), 243– 254.
  • Baba, A., Yiğitbaş, E., Ertekin, C. 2010. Hydrogeochemistry of geothermal resources in the eastern part of Turkey: A Case study, Varto Region. International World Geothermal Congress 2010, International Geothermal Association.
  • Barka, A. 1985. Kuzey Anadolu Fay zonundaki bazı Neojen- Kuvaterner havzalarının jeolojisi ve tektonik evrimi. Ketin Sempozyumu Kitabı, Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu, 209-227, Ankara.
  • Başel, E. D. K., Satman, A. Serpen, U. 2013. Türkiye’nin tahmini yeraltı sıcaklık haritaları. II. Ulusal Tesisat Kongresi, 17 Nisan 2013, İzmir, 37-44.
  • Bektaş, Ö., Ravat, D., Büyüksaraç, A., Bilim, F., Ateş, A. 2007. Regional geothermal characterization of East Anatolia from aeromagnetic, heat flow, and gravity data. Pure Applied Geophysics 164(5), 975–998.
  • Beyazpirinç, M., Akçay, A. E., Özkan, M. K., Sönmez, M. K., Dönmez, M. 2022. The new age data and pre-Paleogene stratigraphy of the Kırşehir Massif, Central Anatolia. Bulletin of The Mineral Research and Exploration 167, 1-23.
  • Bilim, F., Koşaroğlu, S., Aydemir, A., Büyüksaraç, A. 2017. Thermal investigation in the Cappadocia Region, Central Anatolia-Turkey, analyzing curie point depth, geothermal gradient, and heat-flow maps from the aeromagnetic data. Pure and Applied Geophysics 174(12), 4445–4458.
  • Bilim, F., Aydemir, A., Koşaroglu, S., Bektaş, O. 2018. Effects of the Karacadag Volcanic Complex on the thermal structure and geothermal potential of southeast Anatolia. Bulletin of Volcanology 80(6), 1-16.
  • Bozkurt, E. 2001. Neotectonics of Turkey – a synthesis. Geodinamica Acta 14(1-3), 3-30.
  • Brown, D. W. 2009. Hot dry rock geothermal energy: Important lessons from Fenton Hill. Proceedings of Thirty-Fourth Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford University.
  • Chatalov, G. 1988. Recent developments in the geology of the Strandzha Zone in Bulgaria. Bulletin of the İstanbul Technical University of İstanbul 41, 433465.
  • Çırmık, A. 2018. Examining the crustal structures of eastern Anatolia, using thermal gradient, heat flow, radiogenic heat production and seismic velocities (Vp and Vs) derived from curie point depth. Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata 59(2), 117–134.
  • Çiçek, A. 2020. The electric power production targeted unconventional geothermal systems (UGS), some conceptual designs, and their thermodynamics classification. Bulletin of The Mineral Research and Exploration 163(163), 211-228.
  • Duchane, D., Brown, D. 2002. Hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal energy research and development at Fenton Hill, New Mexico. Geo-Heat Centre Quarterly Bulletin 23, 13–19.
  • Erkan, K. 2015. Geothermal investigations in western Anatolia using equilibrium temperatures from shallow boreholes. Solid Earth 6(1), 103–113.
  • Görür, N. 1997. Cretaceous syn- to post-rift sedimentation on the southern continental margin of the Western Black Sea basin. Robinson, A. G. (Ed.). Regional and petroleum geology of the Black Sea and the surrounding region. AAPG Memoir no. 68, 227240.
  • Görür, N., Elbek, Ş. 2013. Tectonic events responsible for shaping the Sea of Marmara and its surrounding region, Geodinamica Acta 26(1-2), 1-11.
  • Görür, N., Okay, A. I. 1996. A fore-arc origin for the Thrace Basin, NW Turkey. International Journal of Earth Science (Geol. Rundschau) 85, 662–668.
  • Görür, N., Tüysüz, O. 2001. Cretaceous to Miocene palaeogeographic evolution of Turkey: Implications for hydrocarbon potential. Journal of Petroleum Geology 24(2), 119–146.
  • Görür, N., Monod, O., Okay, A. I., Şengör, A. M. C., Tüysüz, O., Yiğitbaş, E., Sakınç, M., Akkök, R. 1997. Palaeogeographic and tectonic position of the Carboniferous rocks of the western Pontides (Turkey) in frame of the Variscan belt. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 168(2), 197-205.
  • Görür, N., Oktay, F. Y., Seymen, I. Şengör, A. M. C. 1984. Paleotectonic evolution of the Tuzgölü basin complex, Central Turkey: Sedimentary record of a Neo-Tethyan Closure. Geological Society of London Special Publication 17, 467–482.
  • Görür, N., Sakınç, M., Barka, A., Akkök, R. Ersoy, Ş. 1995a. Miocene to Pliocene palaeogeographic evolution of Turkey and its surroundings. Journal of Human Evolution 28(4), 309-324.
  • Görür, N., Şengör, A., Sakınç, M., Akkök, R., Yiğitbaş, E., Oktay, F. Y., Barka, A., Sarıca, N., Ecevitoğlu, B., Demirbağ, E., Ersoy, Ş., Algan, O., Güneysu, C., Aykol, A. 1995b. Rift formation in the Gökova region, southwest Anatolia: Implications for the opening of the Aegean Sea. Geological Magazine 132(6), 637-650.
  • Görür, N., Tüysüz, O., Şengör, A. M. C. 1998. Tectonic evolution of the Central Anatolian Basins. International Geology Review 40(9), 831-850.
  • Güner, Y. 1984. Nemrut Yanardağı’ nın jeolojisi, jeomorfolojisi ve volkanizmasının evrimi. Jeomorfoloji Dergisi 12, 23-65.
  • Gürer, Ö. F., Kaymakçı, N., Çakır, Ş., Özburan, M. 2003. Neotectonics of the southeast Marmara region, NW Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 21, 1041–1051.
  • Helvacı, C. 1995. Stratigraphy, mineralogy, and genesis of the Bigadiç borate deposits, Western Turkey. Economic Geology 90, 1237-1260.
  • Hempton, M. R., Dunne, L. A., Dewey, J. F. 1983. Sedimentation in an active strike-slip basin, southeastern Turkey. Journal of Geology 91, 401–412.
  • Hippolyte, J. C., Espurt, N., Kaymakçı, N., Sangu, E., Müller, C. 2016. Cross-sectional anatomy and geodynamic evolution of the Central Pontide orogenic belt (northern Turkey). International Journal of Earth Science (Geol Rundsch) 105, 81–106.
  • Irrlitz, W. 1972. Lithostratigraphische und tektonische Entwicklung des Neogens in Nordost-Anatolien. Schweizerbart and Borntraeger Science Publishers, 120.
  • Kıyak, A., Karavul, C., Gülen, L., Pekşen, E., Kılıç, A. R. 2015. Assessment of geothermal energy potential by geophysical methods: Nevşehir region, Central Anatolia. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 295, 55–64.
  • Korkmaz, E. D., Serpen, U., Satman, A. 2014. Geothermal boom in Turkey: Growth in identified capacities and potentials. Renewable Energy 68, 314–325.
  • Kwaya, M., Kurowska, E., Bata, T. 2019. Geothermal Exploration in Nigeria. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, 25-29 April 2010 Bali, Indonesia.
  • Maden, N. 2012. Two-Dimensional geothermal modelling along the Central Pontides Magmatic Arc: Implications for the geodynamic evolution of Northern Turkey. Surveys in Geophysics 33, 275–292.
  • Mamontov, V. K., Yakovlev, A. G., Bayraktutan, S. M. 2005. Formation of the geothermal resources of the north-eastern part of Turkey. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, 24-29 April 2005, Antalya, 24–29.
  • Miranda-Barbosa, E., Sigfússon, B., Carlsson, J., Tzimas, E. 2017. Advantages from combining CCS with geothermal energy. Energy Procedia 114, 6666– 6676.
  • Moore, W. J., Mckee, E. H., Akıncı, Ö. 1980. Chemistry and chronology of plutonic rocks in the Pontide Mountains, northern Turkey. European Copper Deposits, 209–216.
  • Mortensen, J. 1978. Hot dry rock: a new geothermal energy source. Energy 3(5), 639-644.
  • MTA Geothermal Map. https://www.mta.gov.tr/en/ arastirmalar/jeotermal-enerji-arastirmalari. September 1, 2022
  • Mutlu, H., Güleç, N. 1998. Hydrogeochemical outline of thermal waters and geothermometry applications in Anatolia (Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 85, 495–515.
  • Nwankwo, C. N., Ekine, A. S. 2009. Geothermal gradients in the Chad Basin, Nigeria from bottom hole temperature logs. International Journal of Physical Sciences 4, 777–783.
  • Okay, A. I. 1984. Distribution and characteristics of the northwest Turkish blueschists. The Geological Evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean. Geological Society Special Publication 17, 455466.
  • Okay, A. I. 2008. Geology of Turkey: A Synopsis. Anschnitt 21, 19-42
  • Okay, A. I., Siyako, M., Bürkan, K. A. 1991. Geology and tectonic evolution of the Biga Peninsula. Special Issue on Tectonics. Bulletin of the Technical University of Istanbul 44, 191-255.
  • Okay, A. I., Şengör, A. M. C., Görür, N. 1994. Kinematic history of the opening of the Black Sea and its effect on the surrounding regions. Geology 22, 267-270.
  • Okay, A. I., Satır, M., Maluski, H., Siyako, M., Monie, P., Metzger, R., Akyüz S. 1996. Paleo- and NeoTethyan events in northwest Turkey: geological and geochronological constraints. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 420-441.
  • Okay, A. I., Satır, M., Tüysüz, O., Akyüz, S., Chen, F. 2001. The tectonics of the Strandja Massif: Late-Variscan and mid-Mesozoic deformation and metamorphism in the Northern Aegean. International Journal of Earth Sciences 90, 217– 233.
  • Okay, A. I., Monod, O., Monié, P. 2002. Triassic blueschists and eclogites from northwest Turkey: Vestiges of the Palaeo- Tethyan subduction. Lithos 64, 155– 178.
  • Okay, A. I., Tüysüz, O., Satır, M., Özkan-Altıner, S., Altıner, D., Sherlock, S., Eren, R. H. 2006. Cretaceous and Triassic subduction-accretion, HP/LT metamorphism and continental growth in the Central Pontides, Turkey. Geological Society of America Bulletin 118, 1247-1269.
  • Özgül, N. 1984. Stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of the Central Taurides. Tekelti, O., Göncüoglu, C. (Ed.). Geology of the Tauride belt. General Directorate for Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA) Ankara. Special Publication, 77–90.
  • Özgür, N. 2002. Geochemical signature of the Kızıldere Geothermal Field, Western Anatolia, Turkey. International Geology Review 44, 153–163.
  • Pasvanoğlu, S., Çelik, M. 2019. Hydrogeochemical characteristics and conceptual model of Çamlıdere low temperature geothermal prospect, northern Central Anatolia. Geothermics 79, 82–104.
  • Pazvantoğlu, E. B., Erkan, K., Şalk, M., Akkoyunlu, B. O., Tayanç, M. 2021. Surface heat flow in Western Anatolia (Türkiye) and implications to the thermal structure of the Gediz Graben. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 30(9), 991-1007.
  • Poisson, A., Guezou, J. C., Ozturk, A., Inan, S., Temiz, H., Gürsöy, H., Kavak, K. S., Özden, S. 1996. Tectonic setting and evolution of the Sivas Basin, Central Anatolia, Turkey. International Geology Review 38, 838-853.
  • Rybach, L. 2010. Status and prospects of geothermal energy. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2010 Indonesia 25-29 April 2010, Bali, 1-5.
  • Saemundsson, K., Axelsson G., Steingrímsson, B. 2009. Geothermal systems in a global perspective. Surface exploration for geothermal resources short course organized by UNU-GTP and LaGeo. United Nations Geothermal Training Programme, 1-14.
  • Serpen, U., Çobanoğlu, M., Korkmaz, E. D., Demirkıran, Z., Kılınç, G. 2022. Assessment of geothermal power potential in the Gediz Basin, Turkey. Geothermics 105(102495), 1-12.
  • Seymen, İ. 1975. Kelkit vadisi kesiminde Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu’ nun tektonik özelliği. PhD Thesis, İTÜ, 198, İstanbul (unpublished).
  • Seymen, İ. 1983. Tectonic features of the Kaman Group in comparison with those of its neighbouring formations around Tamadağ (Kaman-Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex). Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni 26, 89-98.
  • Siyako, M., Huvaz, O. 2007. Eocene stratigraphic evolution of the Thrace Basin, Turkey. Sedimentary Geology 198, 75–91.
  • Stefansson, V. 2000. The renewability of geothermal energy. Proceeding World Geothermal Congress, KyushTohoku, 883–888.
  • Sunal, G., Natal’in, B. A. Satır, M., Toraman, E. 2006. Paleozoic magmatic events in the Strandja Massif, NW Turkey. Geodinamica Acta 19(5), 283-300.
  • Şaroğlu, F., Güner, Y. 1981. Doğu Anadolu’nun jeomorfolojik gelişimine etki eden ögeler: jeomorfoloji, tektonik, volkanizma ilişkileri. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı Bülteni 2(24), 119-130.
  • Şaroğlu, F., Yılmaz, Y. 1986. Doǧu Anadolu’ da neotektonik dönemdeki jeolojik evrim ve havza modelleri. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 107, 73-94.
  • Şener, M. F., Baba, A. 2019. Geochemical and hydrogeochemical characteristics and evolution of Kozaklı geothermal fluids, Central Anatolia, Turkey. Geothermics 80, 69–77.
  • Şengör, A. M. C. 1979. The North Anatolian Transform Fault: Its age, offset, and tectonic significance. Journal of the Geological Society London 13, 268-282.
  • Şengör, A. M. C. 1980. Türkiye’nin neotektoniğinin esasları. TJK Konferans Serisi, 2, 40.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Yılmaz, Y. 1981. Tethyan evolution of Turkey: A plate tectonic approach. Tectonophysics 75, 181-241.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Yılmaz, Y., Ketin, İ. 1980. Remnants of a pre–Late Jurassic ocean in northern Turkey: Fragments of Permian-Triassic Paleo-Tethys? GSA Bulletin 91(10), 599–609.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Yılmaz, Y., Ketin, İ. 1982. Remnants of a pre-Late Jurassic ocean in northern Turkey: Fragments of Permian-Triassic Paleo-Tethys: Reply. Geological Society of America Bulletin 93, 932–936.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Satır, M., Akkök, R. 1984. Timing of tectonic events in the Menderes Massif, western Turkey: Implications for tectonic evolution and evidence for pan-African basement in Turkey. Tectonics 3(7), 693-707.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Görür, N., Şaroğlu, F. 1985. Strike-slip faulting and related basin formation in zones of tectonic escape: Turkey as a case study. Biddle, K. T., Christie-Blick N. (Ed.). Strike-Slip Deformation, Basin Formation, and Sedimentation Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication, Tulsa, 37, 227264.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Tüysüz, O., İmren, C., Sakinç, M., Eyidoǧan, H., Görür, N., Le Pichon, X., Rangin, C. 2005. The North Anatolian Fault: A new look.Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 33, 37–112.
  • Şimşek, S. 1985. Present status and future developments of the Denizli- Kızıldere Geothermal Field of Turkey. International Symposium on Geothermal Energy, Hawaii, 203-210.
  • Şimşek, S. 2003. Present status and future development possibilities of Aydın- Denizli Geothermal Province. International Geothermal Conference, September 2003, Reykjavík, 11–16.
  • Tatar, Y. 1975. Tectonic structures along the North Anatolian fault zone, northeast of Refahiye (Erzincan). Tectonophysics 29, 401-409.
  • Tatar, Y. 1978. Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu’nun ErzincanRefahiye arasındaki bölümü üzerinde tektonik incelemeler. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yerbilimleri 4, 201–236.
  • Temizel, E. H., Gültekin, F., Ersoy, A. F., Gülbay, R. K. 2021. Multi-isotopic (O, H, C, S, Sr, B, Li) characterization of waters in a low-enthalpy geothermal system in Havza (Samsun), Türkiye. Geothermics 97, 1-14.
  • Tüfekçi, N., Süzen, M. L., Güleç, N. 2010. GIS based geothermal potential assessment: a case study from Western Anatolia, Turkey. Energy 35(1), 246-261.
  • Tüysüz, O. 2022. Geology of the Kurucaşile – Cide region, NW Türkiye. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 167(167), 149 – 178.
  • Ulusoy, I., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., Çubukçu, E. 2008. Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 174, 269–283.
  • Ustaömer, P. A., Mundil, R., Renne, P. R. 2005. U/Pb and Pb/Pb zircon ages for arc-related intrusions of the Bolu Massif (W Pontides, NW Turkey): Evidence for Late Precambrian (Cadomian) age. Terra Nova 17, 215–223.
  • Whitney, D. L. Hamilton, M. A. 2004. Timing of highgrade metamorphism in central Turkey and the assembly of Anatolia. Journal of the Geological Society 161, 823 – 828.
  • Yalçın, M. N., Görür, N. 1984. Sedimentological evolution of Adana Basin. Tekeli, O., Göncüoğlu, M. C. (Ed.). Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Geology of the Taurus Belt 26-29 September 1983, Ankara, 165-172.
  • Yalınız, M. K., Göncüoğlu, M. C., Özkan-Altıner, S. 2000. Formation and emplacement ages of the SSZ-type Neotethyan ophiolites in Central Anatolia, Turkey: Palaeotectonic implications. Geological Journal 35, 53–68.
  • Yapmış, J., Güleç, N., Karahanoğlu, N. 2005. Geothermal fields along the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ): assessment of geothermal potential. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, 24–29 April 2005, Antalya, 1-9.
  • Yılmaz, O., Boztuğ, D. 1986. Kastamonu granitoid belt of northern Turkey: First arc plutonism product related to the subduction of the paleo-Tethys. Geology 14(2), 179–183.
  • Yılmaz, Y. 1997. Geology of western Anatolia. Schindler, C., Pfisher M. (Ed.). Active Tectonics of Northwestern Anatolia–The Marmara Polyproject. vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH, Zürich, 3153.
  • Yılmaz, Y., Genç, Ş. C., Karacık, Z. Altunkaynak, E. 2001. Two contrasting magmatic associations of NW Anatolia and their tectonic significance. Journal of Geodynamics 31, 243-271.
Year 2023, , 107 - 122, 25.08.2023
https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.1219987

Abstract

References

  • Aksoy, E., İnceöz, M., Koçyiǧit, A. 2007. Lake Hazar basin: A negative flower structure on the East Anatolian Fault System (EAFS), SE Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Science 16(3), 319–338.
  • Alacali, M. 2018. Hydrogeochemical investigation of geothermal springs in Erzurum, East Anatolia (Turkey). Environmental Earth Sciences 77(24), 1-13.
  • Aldanmaz, E., Pearce, J. A., Thirlwall, M. F., Mitchell, J. G. 2000. Petrogenetic evolution of late Cenozoic, post-collision volcanism in western Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 102(1-2), 67–95.
  • Ateş, A., Bilim, F., Büyüksaraç, A. 2005. Curie point depth investigation of central Anatolia, Turkey. Pure and Applied Geophysics 162(2), 357–371.
  • Aydemir, A., Bilim, F., Koşaroğlu, S., Büyüksaraç, A. 2019. Thermal structure of the Cappadocia region, Turkey: a review with geophysical methods. Mediterranean Geoscience Reviews 1(2), 243– 254.
  • Baba, A., Yiğitbaş, E., Ertekin, C. 2010. Hydrogeochemistry of geothermal resources in the eastern part of Turkey: A Case study, Varto Region. International World Geothermal Congress 2010, International Geothermal Association.
  • Barka, A. 1985. Kuzey Anadolu Fay zonundaki bazı Neojen- Kuvaterner havzalarının jeolojisi ve tektonik evrimi. Ketin Sempozyumu Kitabı, Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu, 209-227, Ankara.
  • Başel, E. D. K., Satman, A. Serpen, U. 2013. Türkiye’nin tahmini yeraltı sıcaklık haritaları. II. Ulusal Tesisat Kongresi, 17 Nisan 2013, İzmir, 37-44.
  • Bektaş, Ö., Ravat, D., Büyüksaraç, A., Bilim, F., Ateş, A. 2007. Regional geothermal characterization of East Anatolia from aeromagnetic, heat flow, and gravity data. Pure Applied Geophysics 164(5), 975–998.
  • Beyazpirinç, M., Akçay, A. E., Özkan, M. K., Sönmez, M. K., Dönmez, M. 2022. The new age data and pre-Paleogene stratigraphy of the Kırşehir Massif, Central Anatolia. Bulletin of The Mineral Research and Exploration 167, 1-23.
  • Bilim, F., Koşaroğlu, S., Aydemir, A., Büyüksaraç, A. 2017. Thermal investigation in the Cappadocia Region, Central Anatolia-Turkey, analyzing curie point depth, geothermal gradient, and heat-flow maps from the aeromagnetic data. Pure and Applied Geophysics 174(12), 4445–4458.
  • Bilim, F., Aydemir, A., Koşaroglu, S., Bektaş, O. 2018. Effects of the Karacadag Volcanic Complex on the thermal structure and geothermal potential of southeast Anatolia. Bulletin of Volcanology 80(6), 1-16.
  • Bozkurt, E. 2001. Neotectonics of Turkey – a synthesis. Geodinamica Acta 14(1-3), 3-30.
  • Brown, D. W. 2009. Hot dry rock geothermal energy: Important lessons from Fenton Hill. Proceedings of Thirty-Fourth Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Stanford University.
  • Chatalov, G. 1988. Recent developments in the geology of the Strandzha Zone in Bulgaria. Bulletin of the İstanbul Technical University of İstanbul 41, 433465.
  • Çırmık, A. 2018. Examining the crustal structures of eastern Anatolia, using thermal gradient, heat flow, radiogenic heat production and seismic velocities (Vp and Vs) derived from curie point depth. Bollettino di Geofisica Teorica ed Applicata 59(2), 117–134.
  • Çiçek, A. 2020. The electric power production targeted unconventional geothermal systems (UGS), some conceptual designs, and their thermodynamics classification. Bulletin of The Mineral Research and Exploration 163(163), 211-228.
  • Duchane, D., Brown, D. 2002. Hot dry rock (HDR) geothermal energy research and development at Fenton Hill, New Mexico. Geo-Heat Centre Quarterly Bulletin 23, 13–19.
  • Erkan, K. 2015. Geothermal investigations in western Anatolia using equilibrium temperatures from shallow boreholes. Solid Earth 6(1), 103–113.
  • Görür, N. 1997. Cretaceous syn- to post-rift sedimentation on the southern continental margin of the Western Black Sea basin. Robinson, A. G. (Ed.). Regional and petroleum geology of the Black Sea and the surrounding region. AAPG Memoir no. 68, 227240.
  • Görür, N., Elbek, Ş. 2013. Tectonic events responsible for shaping the Sea of Marmara and its surrounding region, Geodinamica Acta 26(1-2), 1-11.
  • Görür, N., Okay, A. I. 1996. A fore-arc origin for the Thrace Basin, NW Turkey. International Journal of Earth Science (Geol. Rundschau) 85, 662–668.
  • Görür, N., Tüysüz, O. 2001. Cretaceous to Miocene palaeogeographic evolution of Turkey: Implications for hydrocarbon potential. Journal of Petroleum Geology 24(2), 119–146.
  • Görür, N., Monod, O., Okay, A. I., Şengör, A. M. C., Tüysüz, O., Yiğitbaş, E., Sakınç, M., Akkök, R. 1997. Palaeogeographic and tectonic position of the Carboniferous rocks of the western Pontides (Turkey) in frame of the Variscan belt. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 168(2), 197-205.
  • Görür, N., Oktay, F. Y., Seymen, I. Şengör, A. M. C. 1984. Paleotectonic evolution of the Tuzgölü basin complex, Central Turkey: Sedimentary record of a Neo-Tethyan Closure. Geological Society of London Special Publication 17, 467–482.
  • Görür, N., Sakınç, M., Barka, A., Akkök, R. Ersoy, Ş. 1995a. Miocene to Pliocene palaeogeographic evolution of Turkey and its surroundings. Journal of Human Evolution 28(4), 309-324.
  • Görür, N., Şengör, A., Sakınç, M., Akkök, R., Yiğitbaş, E., Oktay, F. Y., Barka, A., Sarıca, N., Ecevitoğlu, B., Demirbağ, E., Ersoy, Ş., Algan, O., Güneysu, C., Aykol, A. 1995b. Rift formation in the Gökova region, southwest Anatolia: Implications for the opening of the Aegean Sea. Geological Magazine 132(6), 637-650.
  • Görür, N., Tüysüz, O., Şengör, A. M. C. 1998. Tectonic evolution of the Central Anatolian Basins. International Geology Review 40(9), 831-850.
  • Güner, Y. 1984. Nemrut Yanardağı’ nın jeolojisi, jeomorfolojisi ve volkanizmasının evrimi. Jeomorfoloji Dergisi 12, 23-65.
  • Gürer, Ö. F., Kaymakçı, N., Çakır, Ş., Özburan, M. 2003. Neotectonics of the southeast Marmara region, NW Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 21, 1041–1051.
  • Helvacı, C. 1995. Stratigraphy, mineralogy, and genesis of the Bigadiç borate deposits, Western Turkey. Economic Geology 90, 1237-1260.
  • Hempton, M. R., Dunne, L. A., Dewey, J. F. 1983. Sedimentation in an active strike-slip basin, southeastern Turkey. Journal of Geology 91, 401–412.
  • Hippolyte, J. C., Espurt, N., Kaymakçı, N., Sangu, E., Müller, C. 2016. Cross-sectional anatomy and geodynamic evolution of the Central Pontide orogenic belt (northern Turkey). International Journal of Earth Science (Geol Rundsch) 105, 81–106.
  • Irrlitz, W. 1972. Lithostratigraphische und tektonische Entwicklung des Neogens in Nordost-Anatolien. Schweizerbart and Borntraeger Science Publishers, 120.
  • Kıyak, A., Karavul, C., Gülen, L., Pekşen, E., Kılıç, A. R. 2015. Assessment of geothermal energy potential by geophysical methods: Nevşehir region, Central Anatolia. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 295, 55–64.
  • Korkmaz, E. D., Serpen, U., Satman, A. 2014. Geothermal boom in Turkey: Growth in identified capacities and potentials. Renewable Energy 68, 314–325.
  • Kwaya, M., Kurowska, E., Bata, T. 2019. Geothermal Exploration in Nigeria. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, 25-29 April 2010 Bali, Indonesia.
  • Maden, N. 2012. Two-Dimensional geothermal modelling along the Central Pontides Magmatic Arc: Implications for the geodynamic evolution of Northern Turkey. Surveys in Geophysics 33, 275–292.
  • Mamontov, V. K., Yakovlev, A. G., Bayraktutan, S. M. 2005. Formation of the geothermal resources of the north-eastern part of Turkey. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, 24-29 April 2005, Antalya, 24–29.
  • Miranda-Barbosa, E., Sigfússon, B., Carlsson, J., Tzimas, E. 2017. Advantages from combining CCS with geothermal energy. Energy Procedia 114, 6666– 6676.
  • Moore, W. J., Mckee, E. H., Akıncı, Ö. 1980. Chemistry and chronology of plutonic rocks in the Pontide Mountains, northern Turkey. European Copper Deposits, 209–216.
  • Mortensen, J. 1978. Hot dry rock: a new geothermal energy source. Energy 3(5), 639-644.
  • MTA Geothermal Map. https://www.mta.gov.tr/en/ arastirmalar/jeotermal-enerji-arastirmalari. September 1, 2022
  • Mutlu, H., Güleç, N. 1998. Hydrogeochemical outline of thermal waters and geothermometry applications in Anatolia (Turkey). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 85, 495–515.
  • Nwankwo, C. N., Ekine, A. S. 2009. Geothermal gradients in the Chad Basin, Nigeria from bottom hole temperature logs. International Journal of Physical Sciences 4, 777–783.
  • Okay, A. I. 1984. Distribution and characteristics of the northwest Turkish blueschists. The Geological Evolution of the Eastern Mediterranean. Geological Society Special Publication 17, 455466.
  • Okay, A. I. 2008. Geology of Turkey: A Synopsis. Anschnitt 21, 19-42
  • Okay, A. I., Siyako, M., Bürkan, K. A. 1991. Geology and tectonic evolution of the Biga Peninsula. Special Issue on Tectonics. Bulletin of the Technical University of Istanbul 44, 191-255.
  • Okay, A. I., Şengör, A. M. C., Görür, N. 1994. Kinematic history of the opening of the Black Sea and its effect on the surrounding regions. Geology 22, 267-270.
  • Okay, A. I., Satır, M., Maluski, H., Siyako, M., Monie, P., Metzger, R., Akyüz S. 1996. Paleo- and NeoTethyan events in northwest Turkey: geological and geochronological constraints. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 420-441.
  • Okay, A. I., Satır, M., Tüysüz, O., Akyüz, S., Chen, F. 2001. The tectonics of the Strandja Massif: Late-Variscan and mid-Mesozoic deformation and metamorphism in the Northern Aegean. International Journal of Earth Sciences 90, 217– 233.
  • Okay, A. I., Monod, O., Monié, P. 2002. Triassic blueschists and eclogites from northwest Turkey: Vestiges of the Palaeo- Tethyan subduction. Lithos 64, 155– 178.
  • Okay, A. I., Tüysüz, O., Satır, M., Özkan-Altıner, S., Altıner, D., Sherlock, S., Eren, R. H. 2006. Cretaceous and Triassic subduction-accretion, HP/LT metamorphism and continental growth in the Central Pontides, Turkey. Geological Society of America Bulletin 118, 1247-1269.
  • Özgül, N. 1984. Stratigraphy and tectonic evolution of the Central Taurides. Tekelti, O., Göncüoglu, C. (Ed.). Geology of the Tauride belt. General Directorate for Mineral Research and Exploration (MTA) Ankara. Special Publication, 77–90.
  • Özgür, N. 2002. Geochemical signature of the Kızıldere Geothermal Field, Western Anatolia, Turkey. International Geology Review 44, 153–163.
  • Pasvanoğlu, S., Çelik, M. 2019. Hydrogeochemical characteristics and conceptual model of Çamlıdere low temperature geothermal prospect, northern Central Anatolia. Geothermics 79, 82–104.
  • Pazvantoğlu, E. B., Erkan, K., Şalk, M., Akkoyunlu, B. O., Tayanç, M. 2021. Surface heat flow in Western Anatolia (Türkiye) and implications to the thermal structure of the Gediz Graben. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences 30(9), 991-1007.
  • Poisson, A., Guezou, J. C., Ozturk, A., Inan, S., Temiz, H., Gürsöy, H., Kavak, K. S., Özden, S. 1996. Tectonic setting and evolution of the Sivas Basin, Central Anatolia, Turkey. International Geology Review 38, 838-853.
  • Rybach, L. 2010. Status and prospects of geothermal energy. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress 2010 Indonesia 25-29 April 2010, Bali, 1-5.
  • Saemundsson, K., Axelsson G., Steingrímsson, B. 2009. Geothermal systems in a global perspective. Surface exploration for geothermal resources short course organized by UNU-GTP and LaGeo. United Nations Geothermal Training Programme, 1-14.
  • Serpen, U., Çobanoğlu, M., Korkmaz, E. D., Demirkıran, Z., Kılınç, G. 2022. Assessment of geothermal power potential in the Gediz Basin, Turkey. Geothermics 105(102495), 1-12.
  • Seymen, İ. 1975. Kelkit vadisi kesiminde Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu’ nun tektonik özelliği. PhD Thesis, İTÜ, 198, İstanbul (unpublished).
  • Seymen, İ. 1983. Tectonic features of the Kaman Group in comparison with those of its neighbouring formations around Tamadağ (Kaman-Central Anatolian Crystalline Complex). Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni 26, 89-98.
  • Siyako, M., Huvaz, O. 2007. Eocene stratigraphic evolution of the Thrace Basin, Turkey. Sedimentary Geology 198, 75–91.
  • Stefansson, V. 2000. The renewability of geothermal energy. Proceeding World Geothermal Congress, KyushTohoku, 883–888.
  • Sunal, G., Natal’in, B. A. Satır, M., Toraman, E. 2006. Paleozoic magmatic events in the Strandja Massif, NW Turkey. Geodinamica Acta 19(5), 283-300.
  • Şaroğlu, F., Güner, Y. 1981. Doğu Anadolu’nun jeomorfolojik gelişimine etki eden ögeler: jeomorfoloji, tektonik, volkanizma ilişkileri. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurultayı Bülteni 2(24), 119-130.
  • Şaroğlu, F., Yılmaz, Y. 1986. Doǧu Anadolu’ da neotektonik dönemdeki jeolojik evrim ve havza modelleri. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 107, 73-94.
  • Şener, M. F., Baba, A. 2019. Geochemical and hydrogeochemical characteristics and evolution of Kozaklı geothermal fluids, Central Anatolia, Turkey. Geothermics 80, 69–77.
  • Şengör, A. M. C. 1979. The North Anatolian Transform Fault: Its age, offset, and tectonic significance. Journal of the Geological Society London 13, 268-282.
  • Şengör, A. M. C. 1980. Türkiye’nin neotektoniğinin esasları. TJK Konferans Serisi, 2, 40.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Yılmaz, Y. 1981. Tethyan evolution of Turkey: A plate tectonic approach. Tectonophysics 75, 181-241.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Yılmaz, Y., Ketin, İ. 1980. Remnants of a pre–Late Jurassic ocean in northern Turkey: Fragments of Permian-Triassic Paleo-Tethys? GSA Bulletin 91(10), 599–609.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Yılmaz, Y., Ketin, İ. 1982. Remnants of a pre-Late Jurassic ocean in northern Turkey: Fragments of Permian-Triassic Paleo-Tethys: Reply. Geological Society of America Bulletin 93, 932–936.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Satır, M., Akkök, R. 1984. Timing of tectonic events in the Menderes Massif, western Turkey: Implications for tectonic evolution and evidence for pan-African basement in Turkey. Tectonics 3(7), 693-707.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Görür, N., Şaroğlu, F. 1985. Strike-slip faulting and related basin formation in zones of tectonic escape: Turkey as a case study. Biddle, K. T., Christie-Blick N. (Ed.). Strike-Slip Deformation, Basin Formation, and Sedimentation Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Special Publication, Tulsa, 37, 227264.
  • Şengör, A. M. C., Tüysüz, O., İmren, C., Sakinç, M., Eyidoǧan, H., Görür, N., Le Pichon, X., Rangin, C. 2005. The North Anatolian Fault: A new look.Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 33, 37–112.
  • Şimşek, S. 1985. Present status and future developments of the Denizli- Kızıldere Geothermal Field of Turkey. International Symposium on Geothermal Energy, Hawaii, 203-210.
  • Şimşek, S. 2003. Present status and future development possibilities of Aydın- Denizli Geothermal Province. International Geothermal Conference, September 2003, Reykjavík, 11–16.
  • Tatar, Y. 1975. Tectonic structures along the North Anatolian fault zone, northeast of Refahiye (Erzincan). Tectonophysics 29, 401-409.
  • Tatar, Y. 1978. Kuzey Anadolu Fay Zonu’nun ErzincanRefahiye arasındaki bölümü üzerinde tektonik incelemeler. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Yerbilimleri 4, 201–236.
  • Temizel, E. H., Gültekin, F., Ersoy, A. F., Gülbay, R. K. 2021. Multi-isotopic (O, H, C, S, Sr, B, Li) characterization of waters in a low-enthalpy geothermal system in Havza (Samsun), Türkiye. Geothermics 97, 1-14.
  • Tüfekçi, N., Süzen, M. L., Güleç, N. 2010. GIS based geothermal potential assessment: a case study from Western Anatolia, Turkey. Energy 35(1), 246-261.
  • Tüysüz, O. 2022. Geology of the Kurucaşile – Cide region, NW Türkiye. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 167(167), 149 – 178.
  • Ulusoy, I., Labazuy, P., Aydar, E., Ersoy, O., Çubukçu, E. 2008. Structure of the Nemrut caldera (Eastern Anatolia, Turkey) and associated hydrothermal fluid circulation. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 174, 269–283.
  • Ustaömer, P. A., Mundil, R., Renne, P. R. 2005. U/Pb and Pb/Pb zircon ages for arc-related intrusions of the Bolu Massif (W Pontides, NW Turkey): Evidence for Late Precambrian (Cadomian) age. Terra Nova 17, 215–223.
  • Whitney, D. L. Hamilton, M. A. 2004. Timing of highgrade metamorphism in central Turkey and the assembly of Anatolia. Journal of the Geological Society 161, 823 – 828.
  • Yalçın, M. N., Görür, N. 1984. Sedimentological evolution of Adana Basin. Tekeli, O., Göncüoğlu, M. C. (Ed.). Proceedings of the International Symposium on the Geology of the Taurus Belt 26-29 September 1983, Ankara, 165-172.
  • Yalınız, M. K., Göncüoğlu, M. C., Özkan-Altıner, S. 2000. Formation and emplacement ages of the SSZ-type Neotethyan ophiolites in Central Anatolia, Turkey: Palaeotectonic implications. Geological Journal 35, 53–68.
  • Yapmış, J., Güleç, N., Karahanoğlu, N. 2005. Geothermal fields along the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ): assessment of geothermal potential. Proceedings World Geothermal Congress, 24–29 April 2005, Antalya, 1-9.
  • Yılmaz, O., Boztuğ, D. 1986. Kastamonu granitoid belt of northern Turkey: First arc plutonism product related to the subduction of the paleo-Tethys. Geology 14(2), 179–183.
  • Yılmaz, Y. 1997. Geology of western Anatolia. Schindler, C., Pfisher M. (Ed.). Active Tectonics of Northwestern Anatolia–The Marmara Polyproject. vdf Hochschulverlag AG an der ETH, Zürich, 3153.
  • Yılmaz, Y., Genç, Ş. C., Karacık, Z. Altunkaynak, E. 2001. Two contrasting magmatic associations of NW Anatolia and their tectonic significance. Journal of Geodynamics 31, 243-271.
There are 93 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Naci Görür This is me 0000-0002-2952-6036

Şebnem Önder This is me 0000-0002-9020-2401

Early Pub Date April 28, 2023
Publication Date August 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Görür, N., & Önder, Ş. (2023). Neotectonics of Turkey and its geothermal implication. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, 171(171), 107-122. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.1219987
AMA Görür N, Önder Ş. Neotectonics of Turkey and its geothermal implication. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. August 2023;171(171):107-122. doi:10.19111/bulletinofmre.1219987
Chicago Görür, Naci, and Şebnem Önder. “Neotectonics of Turkey and Its Geothermal Implication”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 171, no. 171 (August 2023): 107-22. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.1219987.
EndNote Görür N, Önder Ş (August 1, 2023) Neotectonics of Turkey and its geothermal implication. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 171 171 107–122.
IEEE N. Görür and Ş. Önder, “Neotectonics of Turkey and its geothermal implication”, Bull.Min.Res.Exp., vol. 171, no. 171, pp. 107–122, 2023, doi: 10.19111/bulletinofmre.1219987.
ISNAD Görür, Naci - Önder, Şebnem. “Neotectonics of Turkey and Its Geothermal Implication”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration 171/171 (August 2023), 107-122. https://doi.org/10.19111/bulletinofmre.1219987.
JAMA Görür N, Önder Ş. Neotectonics of Turkey and its geothermal implication. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2023;171:107–122.
MLA Görür, Naci and Şebnem Önder. “Neotectonics of Turkey and Its Geothermal Implication”. Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration, vol. 171, no. 171, 2023, pp. 107-22, doi:10.19111/bulletinofmre.1219987.
Vancouver Görür N, Önder Ş. Neotectonics of Turkey and its geothermal implication. Bull.Min.Res.Exp. 2023;171(171):107-22.

Copyright and Licence
The Bulletin of Mineral Research and Exploration keeps the Law on Intellectual and Artistic Works No: 5846. The Bulletin of Mineral Research and Exploration publishes the articles under the terms of “Creatice Common Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0)” licence which allows to others to download your works and share them with others as long as they credit you, but they can’t change them in any way or use them commercially.

For further details;
https://creativecommons.org/licenses/?lang=en