A STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELING WITH WELFARE INDICATORS: EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS, ACCESS TO SERVICES AND MATERIAL DEPRIVATION

Abstract

This study aims at presenting comprehensive model using welfare indicators such as socioeconomic status, access to services and material deprivation, and examining the relationships between these variables. In the analysis, we use the pooled cross-sectional data set of the Household Budget Survey of the Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) covering the period 2015-2019. Since the simultaneous relationship between welfare indicators such as socioeconomic status, material deprivation and access to services is examined using latent variables, Structural Equation Modeling is preferred. The study finds that socioeconomic status, composed of education and income, increases households' access to services and decreases their material deprivation. In addition, as households' access to services increases, their material deprivation decreases. Our study also finds that women's socioeconomic status is lower than men's in Turkiye during the period analysed. Moreover men in households have more limited access to services and face more material deprivation than women. The increase in household size makes access to services more difficult, worsens the socioeconomic situation and increases deprivation. Considering the health status variable, it is concluded that healthy individuals have higher socioeconomic status and suffer from less deprivation.

Keywords

• Socioeconomic Status
• Access to Services
• Material Deprivation
• Structural Equation Modeling

REFAH GÖSTERGELERİ İLE BİR YAPISAL EŞİTLİK MODELLEMESİ: SOSYOEKONOMİK DURUM, HİZMETLERE ERİŞİM VE MADDİ YOKSUNLUK ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmada sosyoekonomik durum, hizmetlere erişim ve maddi yoksunluk gibi her biri farklı bir refah göstergesi olan değişkenleri kullanarak kapsamlı bir model oluşturmak ve bu değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek amaçlanmıştır. Analizde, Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) Hanehalkı Bütçe Anketi'nin 2015-2019 dönemini kapsayan havuzlanmış yatay kesit veri seti kullanılmıştır. Sosyoekonomik durum, maddi yoksunluk ve hizmetlere erişim gibi refah göstergelerinin birbirleri ile olan eş zamanlı ilişkisi gizli değişkenler kullanılarak incelendiğinden Yapısal Eşitlik Modellemesi tercih edilmiştir. Bireyin sosyoekonomik durumunun eğitim ve gelir değişkenlerinin kompozisyonu olduğu çalışmada sosyoekonomik durumun hanelerin hizmetlere erişimini kolaylaştırdığı ve maddi yoksunluğunu azalttığı bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, hanelerin hizmetlere erişimi kolaylaştıkça maddi yoksunlukları azalmaktadır. Çalışmanın diğer önemli bulguları arasında, Türkiye’de incelenen dönemde kadınların sosyoekonomik durumunun erkeklerinkinden daha düşük olduğu yer almaktadır. Hanedeki erkeklerin kadınlara kıyasla hizmetlere erişimde daha sınırlı oldukları ve daha fazla maddi yoksunlukla karşılaştıkları da bulgular arasındadır. Hanehalkı büyüklüğündeki artış ise hizmetlere erişimi zorlaştırmakta, sosyoekonomik durumu kötüleştirmekte ve yoksunluğu artırmaktadır. Sağlık durumu değişkeni incelendiğinde, sağlıklı bireylerin sosyoekonomik statüsünün yüksek olduğu ve daha az yoksunluk çektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Keywords

• Sosyoekonomik Durum
• Hizmetlere Erişim
• Maddi Yoksunluk
• Yapısal Eşitlik Modeli

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