FOREST FIRE SUSCEPTIBILITY ANALYSIS OF KAHRAMANMARAS PROVINCE

Abstract

Kahramanmaras province is located in an area where Mediterranean, Eastern Anatolia and Southeast Anatolia eco-regions are the nearest to each other. Southern regions of the province, in particular, are dominated by Mediterranean climate and correspond to high susceptible areas in terms of forest fires. In this study, the distribution of forest fires in Kahramanmaras province was analyzed based on the outbreak points of 376 forest fires (2012-2017) recorded by Kahramanmaras Regional Directorate of Forestry.  This analysis was carried out considering the factors affecting forest fire risk (vegetation, altitude, slope, aspect, temperature, precipitation, distance to settlement, distance to roads).  By using GIS (Geographical Information Systems) techniques and AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) method, fire-susceptible areas were mapped in Kahramanmaras province at the end of the analysis conducted based on the distribution of the number of forest fires by factors that affect fire. Accordingly, 46.2% of Kahramanmaras province are high susceptible to forest fire, 47.6% are very high and 4.1% are extremely susceptible.  The moderate susceptible areas are 30.197 ha, accounting for only 2.1% of the province land.  There is no low susceptible area.  All these values ​​indicate that the geographical conditions at the location where the province is located are high susceptible to forest fires. 

Keywords

• Forest Fire,Susceptibility,GIS,AHP,Kahramanmaras Province

KAHRAMANMARAŞ İLİ’NİN ORMAN YANGINI DUYARLILIK ANALİZİ

Abstract

Kahramanmaraş İli, Akdeniz, Doğu Anadolu ve Güneydoğu Anadolu ekolojik bölgelerinin birbirine en çok yaklaştığı yerde konumlanmıştır. İlde özellikle Akdeniz ikliminin egemen olduğu güney kesimler, orman yangınları açısından son derece hassas alanlara karşılık gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada Kahramanmaraş Orman Bölge Müdürlüğü kayıtlarındaki (2012-2017) 376 orman yangınının başlangıç noktaları esas alınarak, Kahramanmaraş İl’inde orman yangınlarının dağılımları analiz edilmiştir. Bu analiz, orman yangını riskini etkileyen faktörler (bitki örtüsü, yükselti, eğim, bakı, sıcaklık, yağış, yerleşmeye uzaklık, yollara uzaklık) göz önünde bulundurularak yapılmıştır. CBS (Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri) teknikleri ile AHS (Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci) yöntemi kullanarak, yangın sayısının yangını etkileyen faktörlere göre dağılımı esas alınmış, yapılan analizler sonucunda Kahramanmaraş İl’inde yangına duyarlı alanlar haritalanmıştır. Buna göre orman yangını için Kahramanmaraş İl topraklarının %46.2'si yüksek derecede, %47.6'sı çok yüksek derecede ve %4.1'i de ekstrem derecede duyarlıdır. Orta derecede duyarlı olan alanlar ise 30.197 ha olup il arazisinin sadece %2.1'ini oluşturmaktadır. Düşük derecede duyarlı alan ise bulunmamaktadır. Tüm bu değerler ilin bulunduğu konumda coğrafi koşulların orman yangını için yüksek duyarlılık gösterdiğini ifade etmektedir. 

Keywords

• AHP,Orman Yangını,Duyarlılık,CBS,Kahramanmaraş İli

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