Investigating Contact-induced Change in Heritage Turkish: A Study on the Use of Temporal -DIK Converbial Constructions

Abstract

This study presents an analysis of a contact-induced language change process concerning temporal -DIK converbial constructions in the variety of Turkish spoken in the Netherlands (henceforth, Dutch Turkish). This study particularly aims to investigate whether these converbial constructions are prone to language change in the speech production of the first and second generations of Dutch-Turkish speakers within the framework of usage-based linguistics. In line with the research aims, this study utilizes semi-structured interviews applied to three groups of participants: Dutch-Turkish bilingual speakers from a first-generation background (n=11), Dutch- Turkish bilingual speakers from a second-generation background (n=12) and a control group of Turkish monolingual speakers (n=12). Analyses of the data obtained from the three groups of participants reveal that the participants’ speech production of converbial constructions indicates a linguistic change in converbial constructions in the frequency of the use of converbs.

Keywords

• contact-induced change
• temporal converbial construction
• Turkish
• Hollandaca
• -DIK

Miras Dil Olarak Türkçede Değinim-Kaynaklı Değişimi İnceleme: Zaman Ulacı -DIK’ın Kullanımı Üzerine Bir Çalışma

Abstract

Bu çalışma Hollanda’da yaşayan Türkçe-Hollandaca iki dilli bireyler tarafından konuşulan Türkçe değişkesinde kullanılan zaman ulacı -DIK yapısını incelemektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında Hollandaca-Türkçe iki dilli bireylerin kullandığı Türkçede zaman ulaç eki -DIK yapıları incelenmekte ve bu iki dilli ortamda söz konusu Türkçe ulaç yapısının, Hollandacanın etkisiyle, dilbilgisel bir değişim içinde olup olmadığı kullanım tabanlı dilbilim kuramı çerçevesinde sorgulanmaktadır. Bu araştırma amaçları için Hollandaca-Türkçe iki dilli ve Türkçe tek dilli katılımcılardan yarıyapılandırılmış görüşmeler aracılığıyla veri toplanmıştır. Üç farklı katılımcı grubundan veri toplanmıştır. Grup 1’de yer alan 11 katılımcı Hollanda’ya çalışmak amaçlı giden birinci nesil Hollandaca-Türkçe iki dilli bireylerden oluşurken Grup 2’deki katılımcılar Hollanda’da doğup büyüyen ve ikinci nesil içerisinde değerlendiren 12 iki dilliden oluşmaktadır. Hollanda’da toplanan verinin karşılaştırılması amacıyla Türkiye’de katılımcıların göç ettikleri illerdeki 11 tek dilli Türkçe konuşurundan da veri toplanmıştır. Çalışmada kullanılan veriler; ulaç kullanım biçimleri bağlamında inceleneceğinden öncelikle beş Türkçe-Hollandaca iki dilli ve beş Türkçe tek dilli katılımcının günlük yaşamları içerisinde, farklı dilsel bağlamlarda, kullandıkları sözlü iletişimleri ses-kaydı yapılarak toplanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgular neticesinde Hollanda’da yaşayan Hollandaca-Türkçe iki dilli bireylerin kullanım bağlamında ulaçlı yapıların Türkçe tek dilli katılımcılara göre daha az kullandıkları ve kullanım türleri bağlamında ise devam eden değinim-odaklı bir değişimin var olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.

Keywords

• değinim-kaynaklı değişim
• zaman ulaç yapısı
• Türkçe
• Hollandaca
• -DIK

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