Abstract
Çağdaş İngiliz yazar Pat Barker'ın ilk romanı Union Street (1982), “Kelly Brown” bölümüyle başlamaktadır. Bu bölüm, kaybetmiş olduğu çocukluğuyla bağ kurmaya çalışırken, babası sandığı yaşlı bir adam tarafından saldırıya uğrayan okul cağında bir kız çocuğu olan Kelly’nin hikayesidir. Kelly’nin sanayileşme sonrası kuzeydoğu İngiltere’sinin terk edilmiş evleriyle çevrili sokaklarında attığı adımları takip eden anlatı, şu sözlerle sona erer: “Eve gidiyordu” (Barker, 1982, p. 69). Birinci bölümün kapanışı olan bu cümle ile, aslında “ev denen bir yer” olup olmadığı veya bunun yalnızca “bir yere duyulan özlem... farklı bir zamana duyulan özlem” (Boym, 2011, p. xv) biçiminde bir duygudan ibaret olup olmadığına dair bir tartışma ortaya çıkmaktadır. Union Street romanı işçi sınıfının değerlerini ve mücadelelerini temsil etmesi ve bundan övgüyle bahsetmesi nedeniyle, savaş sonrası İngiliz kurgusunda olduğu gibi, sıklıkla toplumsal gerçekçi bir anlatı olarak kategorize edilir. Ancak, Barker’ın Union Street’i ve oradaki insanları tasviri, işçi sınıfı topluluklarının romantikleştirilmiş ve mitleştirilmiş geleneksel betimlemelerinin ötesine geçmektedir. Nostaljiye yenik düşmek veya herhangi bir duygusal sonuç çıkarmak yerine, Barker, Union Street’teki kadınların gerçek deneyimlerini ve mekân ile olan ilişkilerini aktarmaya çalışmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ileri sürüldüğü gibi, bu nüanslı gerçekçilik, mekân ile olan etkileşimi ve hem bir mekân hem de bir fikir olarak parçalanmış olan ve daha ziyade imkânsız bir nostos veya olmayan bir nostalji kavramını çağrıştıran “ev”in mekânsal bağlamı açısından önem arz etmektedir. Tüm bu nedenlerden dolayı, bu çalışma Pat Barker'ın Union Street romanının ve özellikle de Kelly Brown bölümünün, aidiyet ve birlik mekânları olarak ev ve topluluk kavramlarına dair geleneksel düşünceleri ters yüz ederek, insan-mekân ilişkisine yönelik nostaljik temsillere nasıl meydan okuduğunu incelemektedir.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
TÜBİTAK
Thanks
Bu araştırma, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK) tarafından 2219 Uluslararası Doktora Sonrası Araştırma Burs Programı kapsamında desteklenmiştir. Yazar, bu çalışmanın kolaylaştırılması için sağlanan fon için içten teşekkürlerini sunar.
References
- Barker, P. (1982). Union Street. Virago Press.
- Bernard, C. (2007). Pat Barker’s critical work of mourning: Realism with a difference. Etudes anglaises, 60. 173-184. https://doi.org/10.3917/etan.602.0173
- Boym, S. (2011). The future of nostalgia. Basic Books.
- Brannigan, J. (2005). Pat Barker. Manchester University Press.
- De Certeau, M. (1984). The practice of everyday life (S. Rendall, Trans.). University of California Press.
- Dirlik, A. (1999). Place-Based imagination: Globalism and the politics of place. Review (Fernand Braudel Center), 22(2), 151-87. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40241454
- Garland, C. & Barker, P. (2004). Conversation between Pat Barker and Caroline Garland. Pat Barker interviewed by Caroline Garland. Psychology and Psychotherapy, 77(2): 185-99. https://doi.org/10.1348/147608304323112483
- Gieseking, J. J., Mangold, W., Katz, C., Low, S. M., & Saegert, S. (Eds.). (2014). The people, place, and space reader. Routledge.
- Hitchcock, P. (1993). Dialogics of the oppressed. University of Minnesota Press.
- Jones, B. (2010). Slum clearance, privatization and residualization: the practices and politics of council housing in mid-twentieth-century England. 20 century British history, 21(4), 510-539. https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwq025
- Kirk, J. (1999). Recovered perspectives: Gender, class, and memory in Pat Barker’s writing. Contemporary Literature, 40(4), 603-626. https://doi.org/10.2307/1208796
- Massey, D. (2015). For space. Sage.
- Massey, D. (2001). Space, place, and gender. University of Minnesota Press.
- Massey, D. (1995). Places and their pasts. History Workshop Journal, 39(1), 182-192. https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/39.1.182
- McGlynn, M. (2016). Collectivism and Thatcher’s “Classless” society in British fiction and film. Twentieth Century Literature, 62(3), 309-336. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26806752
- Monteith, S. (2011). “Foreword.” In Pat Wheeler (Ed.). Re-reading Pat Barker (pp. vii-xi). Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
- Monteith, S. (2002). Pat Barker. Northcote House Publishers Ltd.
- My Writing Living: Pat Barker. (2025, March 14). ALCS. https://www.alcs.co.uk/news/my-writing-living-with-pat-barker
- Nixon, R. & Barker, P. (2004) An Interview with Pat Barker. Contemporary Literature, 45(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.2307/3593553
- Rawlinson, M. (2010). Pat Barker. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Yelling, J. (2000). The incidence of slum clearance in England and Wales, 1955-85. Urban History, 27(2), 234-54. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44613144
Abstract
Contemporary British writer Pat Barker’s first novel Union Street (1982) opens with the “Kelly Brown” episode, the story of a schoolgirl assaulted by an old man whom she mistakenly takes as her father trying to reconnect with her lost home. Following Kelly’s steps through the derelict streets and houses of the post-industrial northeast England, the narration ends with the set of words: “She was going home” (Barker, 1982, p. 69). Through this final remark, what unfolds is a question relating to whether there is ever “a place called home” or this is simply “a longing for a place … a yearning for a different time” (Boym, 2011, p. xv). Union Street is often categorised as a social realist narrative, as in the post-war British fiction, due to its representation and celebration of the working-class home, its values and its struggles. However, Barker’s depiction of people and place in Union Street goes beyond conventional portrayals of the working-class communities as romanticized and mythicized. Rather than succumbing to nostalgia or drawing any sentimental conclusions, Barker concentrates on transcribing the actual experience of women in Union Street and their relation to place. This nuanced realism, as this study argues, is significant in its engagement with space and place and its treatment of the spatial trope of “home” which, both as a place and idea, is shattered, and un-homely evoking rather an impossible nostos or an absence of nostalgia. For all these reasons, this study examines how Pat Barker defies nostalgic imagination of community and place in Union Street, mainly in the first episode Kelly Brown, through various ways but specifically challenging fixed notions of home and community as sites of belonging and unity.
Keywords
Supporting Institution
TUBITAK
Thanks
This research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the 2219 International Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program. The author expresses their sincere gratitude for the funding provided to facilitate this study.
References
- Barker, P. (1982). Union Street. Virago Press.
- Bernard, C. (2007). Pat Barker’s critical work of mourning: Realism with a difference. Etudes anglaises, 60. 173-184. https://doi.org/10.3917/etan.602.0173
- Boym, S. (2011). The future of nostalgia. Basic Books.
- Brannigan, J. (2005). Pat Barker. Manchester University Press.
- De Certeau, M. (1984). The practice of everyday life (S. Rendall, Trans.). University of California Press.
- Dirlik, A. (1999). Place-Based imagination: Globalism and the politics of place. Review (Fernand Braudel Center), 22(2), 151-87. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40241454
- Garland, C. & Barker, P. (2004). Conversation between Pat Barker and Caroline Garland. Pat Barker interviewed by Caroline Garland. Psychology and Psychotherapy, 77(2): 185-99. https://doi.org/10.1348/147608304323112483
- Gieseking, J. J., Mangold, W., Katz, C., Low, S. M., & Saegert, S. (Eds.). (2014). The people, place, and space reader. Routledge.
- Hitchcock, P. (1993). Dialogics of the oppressed. University of Minnesota Press.
- Jones, B. (2010). Slum clearance, privatization and residualization: the practices and politics of council housing in mid-twentieth-century England. 20 century British history, 21(4), 510-539. https://doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwq025
- Kirk, J. (1999). Recovered perspectives: Gender, class, and memory in Pat Barker’s writing. Contemporary Literature, 40(4), 603-626. https://doi.org/10.2307/1208796
- Massey, D. (2015). For space. Sage.
- Massey, D. (2001). Space, place, and gender. University of Minnesota Press.
- Massey, D. (1995). Places and their pasts. History Workshop Journal, 39(1), 182-192. https://doi.org/10.1093/hwj/39.1.182
- McGlynn, M. (2016). Collectivism and Thatcher’s “Classless” society in British fiction and film. Twentieth Century Literature, 62(3), 309-336. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26806752
- Monteith, S. (2011). “Foreword.” In Pat Wheeler (Ed.). Re-reading Pat Barker (pp. vii-xi). Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
- Monteith, S. (2002). Pat Barker. Northcote House Publishers Ltd.
- My Writing Living: Pat Barker. (2025, March 14). ALCS. https://www.alcs.co.uk/news/my-writing-living-with-pat-barker
- Nixon, R. & Barker, P. (2004) An Interview with Pat Barker. Contemporary Literature, 45(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.2307/3593553
- Rawlinson, M. (2010). Pat Barker. Palgrave Macmillan.
- Yelling, J. (2000). The incidence of slum clearance in England and Wales, 1955-85. Urban History, 27(2), 234-54. http://www.jstor.org/stable/44613144
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | British and Irish Language, Literature and Culture |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Submission Date | September 17, 2025 |
| Acceptance Date | February 15, 2026 |
| Publication Date | February 15, 2026 |
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.47777/cankujhss.1786071 |
| IZ | https://izlik.org/JA68XL47XG |
| Published in Issue | Year 2026 Volume: 20 Issue: 1 |
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Çankaya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences (CUJHSS, e-ISSN 3062-0112) is a peer reviewed, open access, online-only academic journal published by Çankaya University. The journal promotes interdisciplinary scholarship across the humanities and social sciences, aiming to foster innovative perspectives and enhance international scholarly visibility and engagement through its continuous publication model, which ensures the timely and efficient management of editorial and publication processes.
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