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Re-Shaping Arab American Cultural Identity in Diaspora in Ward’s “How We Are Bound” and Darraj’s “The New World”

Year 2014, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 285 - 295, 01.12.2014

Abstract

This paper explores two short stories written by two Arab American women writers who expose
the varied experiences and reactions of Arab Americans in diaspora. Patricia Ward's “How We Are Bound”
(1996) and Susan Darraj's “The New World” (2004) are two stories that show how challenges such as
assimilation, generational differences, cultural diversity, and identity questioning are depicted and met by
the Arab American communities. These challenges are approached by relying on Homi Bhabha and Stuart
Hall, as a theoretical framework. This paper argues that the experiences and issues of Arab immigrants
varied from one ethnic community to another-Lebanese American and Palestinian American-yet they
shared the struggles of adapting and embracing a new shape identity due to their need to survive and live
in peace.

References

  • Abdelhady, Dalia, “The Sociopolitical History of Arabs in the US: Assimilation, Ethnicity and Global Citizenship.” in Biopsychosocial Perspectives on Arab Americans (New York: Springer US, 2014), pp.17-43. Abinader, Elmaz, “Children of Al-Mahjar: Arab American Literature Spans a Century.” E-Journal of the Department of State, 5/1 (2000), pp.11-14. Web. 21 Mar 2015. Bhabha, Homi K., “Frontlines/Borderposts.” in Angelika Bammer. (ed.), Displacements: Cultural Identities in Question (Indianapolis: Indiana U P, 1994), pp.269-72. ––– ”The Commitment to Theory,” in The Location of Culture (London: Routledge, 2012), pp.28-55. Darraj, Susan Muaddi, “New World,” in Pauline and Mattawa, pp.3-18. El-Aswad, El-Sayed, “Narrating the Self among Arab Americans: A Bridging Discourse between Arab Tradition and American Culture,” DOMES: Digest Of Middle East Studies, 19/2 (2010): pp.234-248. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 June. 2015. Friedman, Susan Stanford, “Bodies on the Move: A Poetics of Home and Diaspora.” Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature 23/2 (2004), pp.189-212. Print. Hall, Stuart, and Paul du Gay, Questions of Cultural Identity (London: SADE Publication, 1996). ––– “Conclusion: The Multi-Cultural Question,” in Barnor Hesse (ed.) Un/settled Multiculturalisms: Diasporas, Entanglements, ‘Transruptions’ (New York: Zed Books, 2000), pp.209-38. ––– “Ethnicity: Identity and Differences.” Radical America 23, 4 (1989): pp. 9-20. Web. 20 July 2015 Kaldas, Pauline and Khaled Mattawa, (eds.), Dinarzad’s Children: An Anthology of Contemporary Arab American Fiction (Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 2009). Ludescher, Tanyss, “From Nostalgia to Critique: An Overview of Arab American Literature.” MELUS 31/4 (2006): pp.93-114. Literary Reference Center. Web. 21 Oct. 2015. Orfalea, G., The Arab Americans: A History (New York: Olive Branch Press, 2006). Timotijevic, Lada and Breakwell, Glynis M., “Migration and Threat to Identity.” Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 10/5 (2000), pp.355-372. Web. 22 July. 2014. Said, Edward W., Orientalism, (New York: Vintage, 1979). Salaita, Steven, Arab American Literary Fictions, Cultures, and Politics (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007). ––– Modern Arab American Fiction: A Reader’s Guide (Syracuse: Syracuse UP, 2011). Ward, Patricia Sarrafian, “How We are Bound”in Pauline and Mattawa, pp.67-80.

Re-Shaping Arab American Cultural Identity in Diaspora in Ward’s “How We Are Bound” and Darraj’s “The New World”

Year 2014, Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 285 - 295, 01.12.2014

Abstract

References

  • Abdelhady, Dalia, “The Sociopolitical History of Arabs in the US: Assimilation, Ethnicity and Global Citizenship.” in Biopsychosocial Perspectives on Arab Americans (New York: Springer US, 2014), pp.17-43. Abinader, Elmaz, “Children of Al-Mahjar: Arab American Literature Spans a Century.” E-Journal of the Department of State, 5/1 (2000), pp.11-14. Web. 21 Mar 2015. Bhabha, Homi K., “Frontlines/Borderposts.” in Angelika Bammer. (ed.), Displacements: Cultural Identities in Question (Indianapolis: Indiana U P, 1994), pp.269-72. ––– ”The Commitment to Theory,” in The Location of Culture (London: Routledge, 2012), pp.28-55. Darraj, Susan Muaddi, “New World,” in Pauline and Mattawa, pp.3-18. El-Aswad, El-Sayed, “Narrating the Self among Arab Americans: A Bridging Discourse between Arab Tradition and American Culture,” DOMES: Digest Of Middle East Studies, 19/2 (2010): pp.234-248. Academic Search Complete. Web. 21 June. 2015. Friedman, Susan Stanford, “Bodies on the Move: A Poetics of Home and Diaspora.” Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature 23/2 (2004), pp.189-212. Print. Hall, Stuart, and Paul du Gay, Questions of Cultural Identity (London: SADE Publication, 1996). ––– “Conclusion: The Multi-Cultural Question,” in Barnor Hesse (ed.) Un/settled Multiculturalisms: Diasporas, Entanglements, ‘Transruptions’ (New York: Zed Books, 2000), pp.209-38. ––– “Ethnicity: Identity and Differences.” Radical America 23, 4 (1989): pp. 9-20. Web. 20 July 2015 Kaldas, Pauline and Khaled Mattawa, (eds.), Dinarzad’s Children: An Anthology of Contemporary Arab American Fiction (Fayetteville: University of Arkansas Press, 2009). Ludescher, Tanyss, “From Nostalgia to Critique: An Overview of Arab American Literature.” MELUS 31/4 (2006): pp.93-114. Literary Reference Center. Web. 21 Oct. 2015. Orfalea, G., The Arab Americans: A History (New York: Olive Branch Press, 2006). Timotijevic, Lada and Breakwell, Glynis M., “Migration and Threat to Identity.” Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 10/5 (2000), pp.355-372. Web. 22 July. 2014. Said, Edward W., Orientalism, (New York: Vintage, 1979). Salaita, Steven, Arab American Literary Fictions, Cultures, and Politics (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007). ––– Modern Arab American Fiction: A Reader’s Guide (Syracuse: Syracuse UP, 2011). Ward, Patricia Sarrafian, “How We are Bound”in Pauline and Mattawa, pp.67-80.
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Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Lamia Khalil Hammad This is me

Publication Date December 1, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 11 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Hammad, L. K. (2014). Re-Shaping Arab American Cultural Identity in Diaspora in Ward’s “How We Are Bound” and Darraj’s “The New World”. Cankaya University Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, 11(2), 285-295.

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