Tension Field Performance of GFRP Plate Shear Walls

Abstract

Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composites are alternative to the conventional materials for many civil applications because of their prominent properties. The advanced production technology allows standardized quality structural FRP sections, which plays an important role in progress of structural engineering. Different fiber types can be rowed in these sections to improve the structural performance of these members. One of the most widely used FRP type is Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers (GFRP) in the market for structural applications. The plate performance of GFRP plates as a lateral load resisting member within the moment frames was investigated in this study similar to the steel plate shear walls or timber shear walls. The post buckling performance of the GFRP plates including the experimental fracture values and different fiber orientations are studied. The tension field action is considered for the GFRP plates after the post buckling, and it was found that the gain for initial stiffness and story drifts is gradually reduces from flexible to rigid moment frames. The least lateral load capacity gain was about 16% when the fiber main direction is oriented 0o angle within the most rigid moment frame. As the fiber orientation aligned with the tension field angle, the load capacity and the initial stiffness increases. Finally, an analytical load capacity calculations are carried to verify the numerical results for the FRP plate shear walls employing the equivalent truss member approach, then plate thickness and panel aspect ratio effects are studied.

Keywords

• FRP plate
• FRP fracture
• GFRP
• Lateral Stiffness
• Shear wall
• tension field

References

1. [1]. Frketic, J, Dickens, T, Ramakrishnan, S. 2017. Automated manufacturing and processing of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites: an additive review of contemporary and modern techniques for advanced materials manufacturing. Additive Manufacturing; 14: 69–86.
2. [2]. Van Den Einde, L, Zhao, L, Seible, F. 2003. Use of FRP composites in civil structural applications. Construction and Building Materials; 17(6): 389–403.
3. [3]. Sonnenschein, R, Gajdosova, K, Holly, I. 2016. FRP composites and their using in the construction of bridges. Procedia Engineering; 161: 477–482.
4. [4]. Alshurafa, S, Alhayek, H, Polyzois, D. 2021. Static characteristics of multicells jointed FRP tower with mass on its top. Mechanics of Advanced Materials and Structures; 28(3): 229–236.
5. [5]. Wang, Y, Chen, G, Wan, B, Han, B, Ran, J. 2021. Axial compressive behavior and confinement mechanism of circular FRP-steel tubed concrete stub columns. Composite Structures; 256: 113082.
6. [6]. Salim, HA, Davalos, JE, Qiao, P, Kiger, SA. 1997. Analysis and design of fiber reinforced plastic composite deck-and-stringer bridges. Composite Structures; 38(1): 295–307.
7. [7]. Cheng, L, Karbhari, VM. 2006. New bridge systems using FRP composites and concrete: a state-of-the-art review. Progress in Structural Engineering and Materials; 8(4): 143–154.
8. [8]. Oludare, O, Elias, T. 2019. In-plane shear characterization of composite GFRP-foam sandwich panels. Journal of Composites for Construction; 23(5): 4019034.

9. [9]. Nateghi-Alahi, F, Khazaei-Poul, M. 2012. Experimental study of steel plate shear walls with infill plates strengthened by GFRP laminates. Journal of Constructional Steel Research; 78: 159–172.
10. [10]. Edalati, SA, Yadollahi, Y, Pakar, I, Bayat, M. 2015. On the effect of GFRP fibers on retrofitting steel shear walls with low yield stress. Earthquakes and Structures; 8: 1453–1461.
11. [11]. Petkune, N, Donchev, T, Hadavinia, H, Limbachiya, M, Wertheim, D. 2016. Performance of pristine and retrofitted hybrid steel/fibre reinforced polymer composite shear walls. Construction and Building Materials; 117: 198–208.
12. [12]. Bach, D, Akhrawat, L. 2020. Optimization of fiber-reinforced polymer patches for repairing fatigue cracks in steel plates using a genetic algorithm. Journal of Composites for Construction; 24(2): 4020006.
13. [13]. Ronny, P, Michel, B. 2009. Finite-element investigation and design recommendations for perforated steel plate shear walls. Journal of Structural Engineering; 135(11): 1367–1376.
14. [14]. Azarafrooz, A, Shekastehband, B. 2020. Behavior of fully- connected and partially-connected multi-story steel plate shear wall structures. Structural Engineering and Mechanics; 76(3): 311–324.
15. [15]. Mirmura, H, Akiyana, H. 1977. Load-deflection relationship on earthquake-resistant steel shear walls developed diagonal tension field. Transactions of the Architectural Institute of Japan; 260: 109–114.
16. [16]. Vincent, C, Mohamed, E, Ruobo, C. 1993. Experimental study of thin steel‐plate shear walls under cyclic load. Journal of Structural Engineering; 119(2): 573–587.
17. [17]. Ramla, Q, Michel, B. 2019. Behavior of steel plate shear walls subjected to repeated synthetic ground motions. Journal of Structural Engineering; 145(4): 4019008.
18. [18]. Deng, E-F, Zong, L, Wang, H-P, Shi, F-W, Ding, Y. 2020. High efficiency analysis model for corrugated steel plate shear walls in modular steel construction. Thin-Walled Structures; 156: 106963.
19. [19]. Damghani, M, Wallis, C, Bakunowicz, J, Murphy, A. 2021. Using laminate hybridisation (CFRP-GFRP) and shaped CFRP plies to increase plate post-buckling strain to failure under shear loading. Thin-Walled Structures; 162: 107543.
20. [20]. Lu, J, Zhang, H, Yu, S. 2021. Study on seismic behaviors of self-centering steel plate shear walls with slits. Journal of Constructional Steel Research; 185: 106878.
21. [21]. Thorburn, LJ, Montgomery, CJ, Kulak, GL. Analysis of steel plate shear walls, Edmonton, Alberta, 1983.
22. [22]. Dolan, JD, Foschi, RO. 1991. Structural analysis model for static loads on timber shear walls. Journal of Structural Engineering; 117(3): 851–861.
23. [23]. Bryan, F, Andre, F. 2001. Cyclic analysis of wood shear walls. Journal of Structural Engineering; 127(4): 433–441.
24. [24]. Ilg, P, Hoehne, C, Guenther, E. 2016. High-performance materials in infrastructure: a review of applied life cycle costing and its drivers – the case of fiber-reinforced composites. Journal of Cleaner Production; 112: 926–945.
25. [25]. Bedford Reinfoced Plastics. Bedford Structural Sahpes. https://bedfordreinforced.com/products/proseries/proforms/ (accessed at 13.10.2021).
26. [26]. ANSYS (15). 2015. APDL Material Reference.