Susurluk Çayı’nda (Balıkesir-Türkiye) Yüzey Suyu Kalitesinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Susurluk Çayı, nüfus artışı, endüstrileşme ve tarımsal faaliyetler nedeniyle kirlilik tehditi altındadır. Bu nedenle çayın bazı su kalitesi parametrelerinin (sıcaklık, pH, çözünmüş oksijen, toplam çözünmüş madde, iletkenlik, tuzluluk, anyonik deterjan, fosfat, bor, bakır, krom, nikel ve kurşun) belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ortalama değerler sırasıyla; sıcaklık 17.5 °C, pH 7.9, çözünmüş oksijen 6.01 mg/L, toplam çözünmüş madde 395 mg/L, iletkenlik 788 µS, tuzluluk ‰ 0.43, anyonik deterjan 0.297 mg/L, fosfat 0.039 mg P/L, bor 0.921 mg/L, bakır 1.954 µg/L, krom 0.375 µg/L, nikel 2.230 µg/L, kurşun 0.175 µg/L bulunmuştur. Bu değerler, ilgili yönetmeliklerde belirtilen kriter değerler ile karşılaştırılmış ve suyun kalitesi belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Anyonik deterjan
• Bor
• Ağır metal
• Fosfat
• Susurluk Çayı
• Su kalitesi

Determination of Surface Water Quality in Susurluk Stream (Balıkesir-Turkey)

Abstract

The Susurluk Stream is under the threat of pollution due to population growth, industrialization and agricultural activities. Therefore, it was aimed to determine some water quality parameters of the stream (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, total dissolved substance, conductivity, anionic detergent, phosphate, boron, copper, chromium, nickel and lead). The average values were found as follows; temperature 17.5 °C, pH 7.9, dissolved oxygen 6.01 mg/L, total dissolved substance 395 mg/L, conductivity 788 µS/cm, anionic detergent 0.297 mg/L; phosphate 0.039 mg P/L; boron 0.921 mg/L; copper 1.954 µg/L; chromium 0.375 µg/L; nickel 2.230 µg/L; lead 0.175 µg/L. These values were compared with the criteria values specified in the relevant regulations and the quality of the water was determined.

Keywords

• Anionic detergent
• Boron
• Heavy metal
• Phosphate
• Susurluk Stream
• Water quality

References

1. [1]. Anonymous. Environmental Management - Water Pollution. Manisa Provincial Directorate of Environment and Forestry, Manisa, 2007.
2. [2]. Egemen, O. Water Quality. 7th Edition, Ege University Faculty of Fisheries, Publication No:14, Bornova – İzmir, 2011, 150 p.
3. [3]. Egemen, O. Environmental and Water Pollution. 3rd Edition, Ege University Faculty of Fisheries, Publication No: 42, Bornova – İzmir, 2006, 120 p.
4. [4]. Greenwood, NN, Earnshaw, A. Chemistry of the Elements. Butterworth-Heinemann Publish Second Edition, Oxford, 2001.
5. [5]. Samsunlu, A. Environmental Engineering Chemistry. Sam-Environmental Technologies Center Publication, Istanbul, 1999.
6. [6]. Saglam, N, Cihangir, N. 1995. Studies on biosorption of heavy metals by biological processes. Hacettepe University Journal of Education; 11: 157- 161.
7. [7]. Sivaslıgil, A. Particulate matter pollution in Gebze-Dilovası; Inventory of polluting sources and analysis of particulate matter carcinogenic PAHs. Master's Thesis. Gebze Institute of Technology, Istanbul, 2007.
8. [8]. Anonymous. Susurluk Basin Protection Action Plan. The Republic of Turkey Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs and TUBITAK, Ankara, 2013.

9. [9]. Gurkan, U, Tekin Ozan, S. 2012. Helminth fauna of Chub (Squalius cephalus L.) in Susurluk Creek (Bursa-Balıkesir). Suleyman Demirel University Journal of Science; 7(2): 77-85.
10. [10]. Anonymous. Susurluk Basin Water Quality Monitoring Report Winter Period. The Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, General Directorate of Environmental Impact Assessment Permit and Inspection, Department of Laboratory Measurement and Monitoring, Ankara, 2014.
11. [11]. Anonymous. Ergene, Gediz, Northern Aegean (Bakırcay), Kucuk Menderes, Susurluk and Sakarya Basins 2016 Water Quality Monitoring Final Report. The Republic of Turkey Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, General Directorate of Environmental Impact Assessment Permit and Inspection, Department of Laboratory Measurement and Monitoring, Ankara, 2017.
12. [12]. Kalayci, S, Kahya, E. 1998. Detection of water quality trends in the rivers of the Susurluk Basin. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences; 6(22): 503 – 514.
13. [13]. Ozalp, B, Ertorun, N. 2024. Determination of biological water quality of Susurluk, Capraz and Karadere Streams using macroinvertebrates and biotic indices. Acta Aquatica Turcica; 20(3): 242-255. (https://doi.org/10.22392/actaquatr.1433735)
14. [14]. Balki, N. 1982. Investigation of Simav Stream in terms of boron pollution and research of methods of purifying wastewater that causes pollution by adsorption. Doctoral Thesis. Uludag University, The Graduate School of Social Sciences, Bursa, 1982.
15. [15]. Gulum, K, Akgun A. 2011. Water pollution and suggestions of solution in the lower part of Simav River (between out of Caygoren Dam and Kepsut Pass). e-Journal of New World Sciences Academy; 6(2): 31-42.
16. [16]. Sharp, WE. 1970. Stream order as a measure of sample source uncertainity. Water Resources Research; 6(3): 919-926.
17. [17]. Anonymous. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 19th Edition, APHA, AWWA, WPCF, Washington, 1995.
18. [18]. Parsons, TR, Maita, Y, Lalli, CM. A manual of chemical and biological methods for seawater analysis. Pergamon Pres, New York, 1984, 173 p.
19. [19]. Anonymous. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 21st Edition, APHA, AWWA, WEF, Washington, 2005.
20. [20]. Official Gazette. Water Pollution Control Regulation. No: 25687, 2004.
21. [21]. Official Gazette. Regulation on Amendment of Surface Water Quality Management Regulation. No: 29327, 2015.
22. [22]. Official Gazette. Water Pollution Control Regulation Technical Procedures Circular. No: 20748, 1991.
23. [23]. Gunduz, O, Mutlu, M, Elci, A, Simsek, C, Baba, A. 2012. Effect of geothermal fluid discharge on surface water quality: Example field Simav Plain (Kutahya). Environmental Science and Technology; 3(4): 231-246.
24. [24]. Minareci, O. Investigation of detergent pollution in Gediz River. Doctoral Thesis. Celal Bayar University, The Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Manisa, 2007.
25. [25]. Minareci, O, Cakir, M, Minareci, E. 2018. The study of surface water quality in Buyuk Menderes River (Turkey): determination of anionic detergent, phosphate, boron and some heavy metal contents. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research; 16(4): 5287-5298. (http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1604_52875298)
26. [26]. Minareci, O, Bazer, M. 2019. Investigation of anionic detergent pollution in surface water of Kucuk Menderes River. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Science and Engineering; 19(021002): 267-274. (https://doi.org/10.35414/akufemubid.554586)
27. [27]. Minareci, O, Bazer, M. 2024. Assessment of the surface water quality in the Kucuk Menderes River, Türkiye. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research; 22(2): 1563-1575. (http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/2202_15631575)
28. [28]. Okay, O., Guclu, H., Soner, E., Balkas, T. 1985. Boron pollution in the Simav River, Turkey and various methods of boron removal. Water Research; 7: 857-862.
29. [29]. Cakir, M. Investigation of detergent and boron pollution in Buyuk Menderes river. Master's Thesis. Celal Bayar University, The Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Manisa, 2013.
30. [30]. Minareci, O. 2014. Investigation of boron pollution in the Gediz River. Ekoloji; 23(91): 91-97. (https://doi.org/10.5053/ekoloji.2014.9111)
31. [31]. Balcioglu, EB. 2014. A preliminary research on anionic detergent pollution of coastal surface water from various regions of Marmara Sea. Afyon Kocatepe University Journal of Science and Engineering; 14 (021005): 39-44. (https://doi.org/10.5578/fmbd.7917)