Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Year 2026, Volume: 22 Issue: 1 , 163 - 179 , 30.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1797967
https://izlik.org/JA52LD27XC

Abstract

Project Number

2210007

References

  • [1]. KOERI. (2020). İstanbul İli Olası Deprem Kayıp Tahminlerinin Güncellenmesi Projesi.
  • [2]. Bellotti, D., Cavalieri, F., & Nascimbene, R. (2023). Influence of Closure External Panels Modelling on the Seismic Response of Non-Residential Precast Buildings. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2023.2197517
  • [3]. Perrone, D., Calvi, P. M., Nascimbene, R., Fischer, E. C., & Magliulo, G. (2018). Seismic performance of non-structural elements during the 2016 Central Italy earthquake. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 17(10), 5655-5677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0361-5
  • [4]. Zito, M., Nascimbene, R., Dubini, P., D’Angela, D., & Magliulo, G. (2022). Experimental Seismic Assessment of Nonstructural Elements: Testing Protocols and Novel Perspectives. Buildings, 12(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111871
  • [5]. KONDA. (2020). Earthquake Report.
  • [6]. Cosenza, E., Del Vecchio, C., Di Ludovico, M., Dolce, M., Moroni, C., Prota, A., & Renzi, E. (2018). The Italian guidelines for seismic risk classification of constructions: technical principles and validation. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(12), 5905-5935. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0431-8
  • [7]. Pampanin, S. (2021). Simplified Analytical/Mechanical Procedure for Post-earthquake Safety Evaluation and Loss Assessment of Buildings. In Advances in Assessment and Modeling of Earthquake Loss (pp. 3-25). Springer, Cham.
  • [8]. Lizundia, B., Durphy, S., Griffin, M., Holmes, W., Hortacsu, A., Kehoe, B., Porter, K., & Welliver, B. (2015). Update of FEMA P-154: Rapid visual screening for potential seismic hazards. In Improving the Seismic Performance of Existing Buildings and Other Structures 2015 (pp. 775-786).
  • [9]. RBTE. (2019). Principles for Identifying Risky Buildings, Ministry for Environment and Urban Planning,
  • [10]. Sucuoğlu, H., Yazgan, U., & Yakut, A. (2007). A Screening Procedure for Seismic Risk Assessment in Urban Building Stocks. Earthquake Spectra, 23(2), 441-458. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2720931
  • [11]. Applied Technology Council (ATC-43 Project). (1998). FEMA 306: Evaluation of earthquake damaged concrete and masonry wall buildings. Federal Emergency Management Agency, Redwood City, CA.
  • [12]. Ilki, A., Comert, M., Demir, C., Orakcal, K., Ulugtekin, D., Tapan, M., & Kumbasar, N. (2014). Performance Based Rapid Seismic Assessment Method (PERA) for Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings. Advances in Structural Engineering, 17(3).
  • [13]. Applied Technology Council (2005). ATC-20-1 field manual: Postearthquake safety evaluation of buildings. Applied Technology Council: Redwood City, CA, USA.
  • [14]. Maeda, M., Al-Washali, H., & Matsukawa, K. (2019). An overview of post earthquake damage and residual capacity evaluation for reinforced concrete buildings in Japan. Proceedings of the Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Auckland, New Zealand,
  • [15]. MBIE. (2014). Field Guide: Rapid post disaster building usability assessment – earthquake. New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE).
  • [16]. Kohler, M. D., Smith, D. E., Andrews, J., Chung, A. I., Hartog, R., Henson, I., Given, D. D., de Groot, R., & Guiwits, S. (2020). Earthquake early warning ShakeAlert 2.0: Public rollout. Seismological Research Letters, 91(3), 1763-1775.
  • [17]. Kong, Q., Allen, R. M., Schreier, L., & Kwon, Y.-W. (2016). MyShake: A smartphone seismic network for earthquake early warning and beyond. Science Advances, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501055
  • [18]. Alzughaibi, A. A., Ibrahim, A. M., Na, Y., El-Tawil, S., & Eltawil, A. M. (2020, 2020). Feasibility of Utilizing Smart-phone Cameras for Seismic Structural Damage Detection 2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC43012.2020.9128554
  • [19]. Kong, Q., Allen, R. M., Kohler, M. D., Heaton, T. H., & Bunn, J. (2018). Structural Health Monitoring of Buildings Using Smartphone Sensors. Seismological Research Letters, 89(2A), 594-602. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220170111
  • [20]. Li, J., Xie, B., & Zhao, X. (2020). Measuring the interstory drift of buildings by a smartphone using a feature point matching algorithm. Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 27(4). https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2492
  • [21]. Na, Y., El-Tawil, S., Ibrahim, A., & Eltawil, A. (2020). Automated Assessment of Building Damage from Seismic Events Using Smartphones. Journal of Structural Engineering, 146(5). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002618
  • [22]. Ozer, E., Feng, M., & Feng, D. (2015). Citizen Sensors for SHM: Towards a Crowdsourcing Platform. Sensors, 15(6), 14591-14614. https://doi.org/10.3390/s150614591
  • [23]. Yu, Y., Han, R., Zhao, X., Mao, X., Hu, W., Jiao, D., Li, M., & Ou, J. (2015). Initial Validation of Mobile-Structural Health Monitoring Method Using Smartphones. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 11(2), 274391. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/274391
  • [24]. Harirchian, E., Aghakouchaki Hosseini, S. E., Jadhav, K., Kumari, V., Rasulzade, S., Işık, E., Wasif, M., & Lahmer, T. (2021). A review on application of soft computing techniques for the rapid visual safety evaluation and damage classification of existing buildings. Journal of Building Engineering, 43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102536
  • [25]. Sbrogiò, L., Saretta, Y., Molinari, F., & Valluzzi, M. R. (2022). Multilevel Assessment of Seismic Damage and Vulnerability of Masonry Buildings (MUSE-DV) in Historical Centers: Development of a Mobile Android Application. Sustainability, 14(12), 7145. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127145
  • [26]. Xu, Z., Lu, X., Cheng, Q., Guan, H., Deng, L., & Zhang, Z. (2018). A smart phone-based system for post-earthquake investigations of building damage. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 27, 214-222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.10.008
  • [27]. Korkmaz, M., Akyildiz, Y. E., Demirkesen, S., Toprak, S., Nowak, P., & Ciftci, B. (2025). A Digital Twin Approach to Sustainable Disaster Management: Case of Cayirova. Sustainability, 17(21), 9626. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219626
  • [28]. Aydogdu, H. H., Atasever, K., & Ilki, A. (2025). A Pre-Earthquake Regional Seismic Risk Estimation Methodology and a Prioritization Approach for Regional Risk Assessment. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. 53: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2025-0156
  • [29]. Aroquipa, H., Hurtado, A., & Angel, C. (2025). Methodological framework for integrating structural health monitoring and digital-twin models for seismic assessment of heritage buildings: Case study of Basilica Maria Auxiliadora, Lima, Peru. Structures, 80, 110115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110115
  • [30]. Yang, S., Guo, W., Zhang, Y., Guo, L., & Wang, Y. (2025). Intelligent monitoring of damper response during earthquakes using triboelectric nanogenerator and digital twin. Automation in Construction, 179, 106493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2025.106493
  • [31]. TUIK. (2022). Housing Statistics. Retrieved June 1, 2022 from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Konut-Sat%C4%B1%C5%9F-%C4%B0statistikleri-Ocak-2022-45673&dil=1
  • [32]. AFAD. (2018). Turkish Seismic Hazard Map.
  • [33]. NOAA. (2025). National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.7289/V5TD9V7K [Accessed: 28 November 2025]
  • [34]. Styron, R., & Pagani, M. (2020). The GEM Global Active Faults Database. Earthquake Spectra, 36(1_suppl), 160-180. https://doi.org/10.1177/8755293020944182
  • [35]. Delph, J. R., Biryol, C. B., Beck, S. L., Zandt, G., & Ward, K. M. (2015). Shear wave velocity structure of the Anatolian Plate: anomalously slow crust in southwestern Türkiye. Geophysical Journal International, 202(1), 261-276.
  • [36]. Doğan, T. P., Kızılkula, T., Mohammadi, M., Erkan, İ. H., Tekeli Kabaş, H., & Arslan, M. H. (2021). A comparative study on the rapid seismic evaluation methods of reinforced concrete buildings. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102143
  • [37]. Aydogdu, H. H., Demir, C., Kahraman, T., & Ilki, A. (2023, October). Evaluation of rapid seismic safety assessment methods on a substandard reinforced concrete building stock in Istanbul. In Structures (Vol. 56, p. 104962). Elsevier.
  • [38]. Albayrak, U., Canbaz, M., & Albayrak, G. (2015). A rapid seismic risk assessment method for existing building stock in urban areas. Procedia Engineering, 118, 1242–1249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.476
  • [39]. Güler, E., & Canbaz, M. (2020). Yapıların deprem riskinin sokak tarama yöntemi ile belirlenmesi: Sivrihisar örneği. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(3), 227–234. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.736221
  • [40]. Bal, İ. E., Crowley, H., Pinho, R., & Gülay, F. G. (2008). Detailed assessment of structural characteristics of Turkish RC building stock for loss assessment models. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 28(10-11), 914-932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2007.10.005
  • [41]. Yakut, A. (2004). Preliminary seismic performance assessment procedure for existing RC buildings. Engineering Structures, 26(10), 1447-1461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.05.011
  • [42]. Turkish Earthquake Code, (2018).
  • [43]. Bal, I., Gulay, F., & Tezcan, S. (2008). A new approach for the preliminary seismic assessment of RC buildings: P25 scoring method. Proceedings of 14th WCEE, 12-17.
  • [44]. Heath, D. C., Wald, D. J., Worden, C. B., Thompson, E. M., & Smoczyk, G. M. (2020). A global hybrid VS 30 map with a topographic slope–based default and regional map insets. Earthquake Spectra, 36(3), 1570-1584
  • [45]. IBB. (2007). Istanbul. Microzonation Project: European Side.
  • [46]. IBB. (2009). Istanbul. Microzonation Project: Anatolian Side.
  • [47]. Bilal, M., & Askan, A. (2014). Relationships between Felt Intensity and Recorded Ground-Motion Parameters for Türkiye. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 104(1), 484-496. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120130093
  • [48]. CSI, S. (2016). CSI Analysis Reference Manual For SAP2000, ETABS, SAFE and CSiBridge.
  • [49]. Chadwell, C., & Imbsen, R. (2004). XTRACT: A tool for axial force-ultimate curvature interactions. In Structures 2004: Building on the past, securing the future (pp. 1-9).
  • [50]. Chiou, B., Darragh, R., Gregor, N., & Silva, W. (2008). NGA project strong-motion database. Earthquake Spectra, 24(1), 23-44.
  • [51]. Ghobarah, A. (2004). On drift limits associated with different damage levels. International workshop on performance-based seismic design,
  • [52]. Doğan, M. (2012). P25 ve DURTES Öndeğerlendirme Yöntemleri ve 1999 Düzce Depreminde Hasar Görmüş Binalara Uygulanması
  • [53]. Tezcan, S. S., Bal, I. E., & Gulay, F. G. (2011). P25 scoring method for the collapse vulnerability assessment of R/C buildings. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 34(6), 769-781. https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2011.591548
  • [54]. JBDPA. (2015). Guidelines for Seismic Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings, and Technical Manual for Seismic Evaluation and Seismic Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings.
  • [55]. Tajiri, S., et al. (2024). Japanese and Turkish joint detailed survey of RC buildings damaged by the 2023 Turkey earthquake. In Proceedings of the 18th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering (WCEE2024), Milan, Italy.
  • [56]. Shegay, A. et al. (2024). Performance of RC buildings in the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes. In Proceedings of the 2024 NZSEE Conference (9–11 April 2024), Tākina Wellington Convention and Exhibition Centre, New Zealand.
  • [57]. AFAD (2025). Regulation on General Principles for Post-Disaster Building Damage Assessment. Official Gazette of the Republic of Türkiye, June 22, 2025, No. 32934.
  • [58]. Aydogdu, H. H., & Ilki, A. (2023). Validation of a performance based rapid seismic assessment methodology (PERA2019) based on actual earthquake damages. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering.
  • [59]. Danciu, L., Nandan, S., Reyes, C. G., Basili, R., Weatherill, G., Beauval, C., Rovida, A., Vilanova, S., Sesetyan, K., & Bard, P.-Y. (2021). The 2020 update of the European Seismic Hazard Model-ESHM20: Model Overview. EFEHR Technical Report, 1.
  • [60]. Ronneberger, O., Fischer, P., & Brox, T. (2015). U-net: Convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation. International Conference on Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention
  • [61]. Simonyan, K., & Zisserman, A. (2014). Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.1556.

A Mobile Application-Based Data Collection Framework to Enhance the Seismic Performance of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings

Year 2026, Volume: 22 Issue: 1 , 163 - 179 , 30.03.2026
https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1797967
https://izlik.org/JA52LD27XC

Abstract

The seismic assessment of existing building stock, particularly in megacities such as Istanbul, is constrained by insufficient data and the time-intensive nature of data collection. This bottleneck persists despite the prevalence of aging structures that no longer comply with current seismic design codes. This paper proposes a mobile application–based framework for collecting building data to improve seismic performance and strengthen public awareness. The framework comprises six sequential steps—seismic hazard and casualties, building risk prioritization, damage evaluation, rapid/preliminary assessment, detailed assessment, and project planning—and provides progressively more accurate information as more data are collected. A mobile application was developed to test the framework and has been downloaded more than 8,000 times. Across Steps 1–5, a total of 3381, 393, 2, 5 and 2 reports were generated. Application of the methodology to sample buildings showed that 87% of the structures fell within the expected performance range, while the remainder exhibited better-than-predicted performance.

Supporting Institution

TUBITAK

Project Number

2210007

Thanks

This study was funded by the TUBITAK (The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye) BIGG 1512.

References

  • [1]. KOERI. (2020). İstanbul İli Olası Deprem Kayıp Tahminlerinin Güncellenmesi Projesi.
  • [2]. Bellotti, D., Cavalieri, F., & Nascimbene, R. (2023). Influence of Closure External Panels Modelling on the Seismic Response of Non-Residential Precast Buildings. Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632469.2023.2197517
  • [3]. Perrone, D., Calvi, P. M., Nascimbene, R., Fischer, E. C., & Magliulo, G. (2018). Seismic performance of non-structural elements during the 2016 Central Italy earthquake. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 17(10), 5655-5677. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0361-5
  • [4]. Zito, M., Nascimbene, R., Dubini, P., D’Angela, D., & Magliulo, G. (2022). Experimental Seismic Assessment of Nonstructural Elements: Testing Protocols and Novel Perspectives. Buildings, 12(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings12111871
  • [5]. KONDA. (2020). Earthquake Report.
  • [6]. Cosenza, E., Del Vecchio, C., Di Ludovico, M., Dolce, M., Moroni, C., Prota, A., & Renzi, E. (2018). The Italian guidelines for seismic risk classification of constructions: technical principles and validation. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering, 16(12), 5905-5935. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10518-018-0431-8
  • [7]. Pampanin, S. (2021). Simplified Analytical/Mechanical Procedure for Post-earthquake Safety Evaluation and Loss Assessment of Buildings. In Advances in Assessment and Modeling of Earthquake Loss (pp. 3-25). Springer, Cham.
  • [8]. Lizundia, B., Durphy, S., Griffin, M., Holmes, W., Hortacsu, A., Kehoe, B., Porter, K., & Welliver, B. (2015). Update of FEMA P-154: Rapid visual screening for potential seismic hazards. In Improving the Seismic Performance of Existing Buildings and Other Structures 2015 (pp. 775-786).
  • [9]. RBTE. (2019). Principles for Identifying Risky Buildings, Ministry for Environment and Urban Planning,
  • [10]. Sucuoğlu, H., Yazgan, U., & Yakut, A. (2007). A Screening Procedure for Seismic Risk Assessment in Urban Building Stocks. Earthquake Spectra, 23(2), 441-458. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.2720931
  • [11]. Applied Technology Council (ATC-43 Project). (1998). FEMA 306: Evaluation of earthquake damaged concrete and masonry wall buildings. Federal Emergency Management Agency, Redwood City, CA.
  • [12]. Ilki, A., Comert, M., Demir, C., Orakcal, K., Ulugtekin, D., Tapan, M., & Kumbasar, N. (2014). Performance Based Rapid Seismic Assessment Method (PERA) for Reinforced Concrete Frame Buildings. Advances in Structural Engineering, 17(3).
  • [13]. Applied Technology Council (2005). ATC-20-1 field manual: Postearthquake safety evaluation of buildings. Applied Technology Council: Redwood City, CA, USA.
  • [14]. Maeda, M., Al-Washali, H., & Matsukawa, K. (2019). An overview of post earthquake damage and residual capacity evaluation for reinforced concrete buildings in Japan. Proceedings of the Pacific Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Auckland, New Zealand,
  • [15]. MBIE. (2014). Field Guide: Rapid post disaster building usability assessment – earthquake. New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (MBIE).
  • [16]. Kohler, M. D., Smith, D. E., Andrews, J., Chung, A. I., Hartog, R., Henson, I., Given, D. D., de Groot, R., & Guiwits, S. (2020). Earthquake early warning ShakeAlert 2.0: Public rollout. Seismological Research Letters, 91(3), 1763-1775.
  • [17]. Kong, Q., Allen, R. M., Schreier, L., & Kwon, Y.-W. (2016). MyShake: A smartphone seismic network for earthquake early warning and beyond. Science Advances, 2(2). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1501055
  • [18]. Alzughaibi, A. A., Ibrahim, A. M., Na, Y., El-Tawil, S., & Eltawil, A. M. (2020, 2020). Feasibility of Utilizing Smart-phone Cameras for Seismic Structural Damage Detection 2020 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference (I2MTC), http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/I2MTC43012.2020.9128554
  • [19]. Kong, Q., Allen, R. M., Kohler, M. D., Heaton, T. H., & Bunn, J. (2018). Structural Health Monitoring of Buildings Using Smartphone Sensors. Seismological Research Letters, 89(2A), 594-602. https://doi.org/10.1785/0220170111
  • [20]. Li, J., Xie, B., & Zhao, X. (2020). Measuring the interstory drift of buildings by a smartphone using a feature point matching algorithm. Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 27(4). https://doi.org/10.1002/stc.2492
  • [21]. Na, Y., El-Tawil, S., Ibrahim, A., & Eltawil, A. (2020). Automated Assessment of Building Damage from Seismic Events Using Smartphones. Journal of Structural Engineering, 146(5). https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002618
  • [22]. Ozer, E., Feng, M., & Feng, D. (2015). Citizen Sensors for SHM: Towards a Crowdsourcing Platform. Sensors, 15(6), 14591-14614. https://doi.org/10.3390/s150614591
  • [23]. Yu, Y., Han, R., Zhao, X., Mao, X., Hu, W., Jiao, D., Li, M., & Ou, J. (2015). Initial Validation of Mobile-Structural Health Monitoring Method Using Smartphones. International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks, 11(2), 274391. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/274391
  • [24]. Harirchian, E., Aghakouchaki Hosseini, S. E., Jadhav, K., Kumari, V., Rasulzade, S., Işık, E., Wasif, M., & Lahmer, T. (2021). A review on application of soft computing techniques for the rapid visual safety evaluation and damage classification of existing buildings. Journal of Building Engineering, 43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2021.102536
  • [25]. Sbrogiò, L., Saretta, Y., Molinari, F., & Valluzzi, M. R. (2022). Multilevel Assessment of Seismic Damage and Vulnerability of Masonry Buildings (MUSE-DV) in Historical Centers: Development of a Mobile Android Application. Sustainability, 14(12), 7145. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127145
  • [26]. Xu, Z., Lu, X., Cheng, Q., Guan, H., Deng, L., & Zhang, Z. (2018). A smart phone-based system for post-earthquake investigations of building damage. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 27, 214-222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2017.10.008
  • [27]. Korkmaz, M., Akyildiz, Y. E., Demirkesen, S., Toprak, S., Nowak, P., & Ciftci, B. (2025). A Digital Twin Approach to Sustainable Disaster Management: Case of Cayirova. Sustainability, 17(21), 9626. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17219626
  • [28]. Aydogdu, H. H., Atasever, K., & Ilki, A. (2025). A Pre-Earthquake Regional Seismic Risk Estimation Methodology and a Prioritization Approach for Regional Risk Assessment. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. 53: 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2025-0156
  • [29]. Aroquipa, H., Hurtado, A., & Angel, C. (2025). Methodological framework for integrating structural health monitoring and digital-twin models for seismic assessment of heritage buildings: Case study of Basilica Maria Auxiliadora, Lima, Peru. Structures, 80, 110115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.istruc.2025.110115
  • [30]. Yang, S., Guo, W., Zhang, Y., Guo, L., & Wang, Y. (2025). Intelligent monitoring of damper response during earthquakes using triboelectric nanogenerator and digital twin. Automation in Construction, 179, 106493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2025.106493
  • [31]. TUIK. (2022). Housing Statistics. Retrieved June 1, 2022 from https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Konut-Sat%C4%B1%C5%9F-%C4%B0statistikleri-Ocak-2022-45673&dil=1
  • [32]. AFAD. (2018). Turkish Seismic Hazard Map.
  • [33]. NOAA. (2025). National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database. NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. https://doi.org/10.7289/V5TD9V7K [Accessed: 28 November 2025]
  • [34]. Styron, R., & Pagani, M. (2020). The GEM Global Active Faults Database. Earthquake Spectra, 36(1_suppl), 160-180. https://doi.org/10.1177/8755293020944182
  • [35]. Delph, J. R., Biryol, C. B., Beck, S. L., Zandt, G., & Ward, K. M. (2015). Shear wave velocity structure of the Anatolian Plate: anomalously slow crust in southwestern Türkiye. Geophysical Journal International, 202(1), 261-276.
  • [36]. Doğan, T. P., Kızılkula, T., Mohammadi, M., Erkan, İ. H., Tekeli Kabaş, H., & Arslan, M. H. (2021). A comparative study on the rapid seismic evaluation methods of reinforced concrete buildings. International Journal of Disaster Risk Reduction, 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijdrr.2021.102143
  • [37]. Aydogdu, H. H., Demir, C., Kahraman, T., & Ilki, A. (2023, October). Evaluation of rapid seismic safety assessment methods on a substandard reinforced concrete building stock in Istanbul. In Structures (Vol. 56, p. 104962). Elsevier.
  • [38]. Albayrak, U., Canbaz, M., & Albayrak, G. (2015). A rapid seismic risk assessment method for existing building stock in urban areas. Procedia Engineering, 118, 1242–1249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.08.476
  • [39]. Güler, E., & Canbaz, M. (2020). Yapıların deprem riskinin sokak tarama yöntemi ile belirlenmesi: Sivrihisar örneği. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 28(3), 227–234. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.736221
  • [40]. Bal, İ. E., Crowley, H., Pinho, R., & Gülay, F. G. (2008). Detailed assessment of structural characteristics of Turkish RC building stock for loss assessment models. Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, 28(10-11), 914-932. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2007.10.005
  • [41]. Yakut, A. (2004). Preliminary seismic performance assessment procedure for existing RC buildings. Engineering Structures, 26(10), 1447-1461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2004.05.011
  • [42]. Turkish Earthquake Code, (2018).
  • [43]. Bal, I., Gulay, F., & Tezcan, S. (2008). A new approach for the preliminary seismic assessment of RC buildings: P25 scoring method. Proceedings of 14th WCEE, 12-17.
  • [44]. Heath, D. C., Wald, D. J., Worden, C. B., Thompson, E. M., & Smoczyk, G. M. (2020). A global hybrid VS 30 map with a topographic slope–based default and regional map insets. Earthquake Spectra, 36(3), 1570-1584
  • [45]. IBB. (2007). Istanbul. Microzonation Project: European Side.
  • [46]. IBB. (2009). Istanbul. Microzonation Project: Anatolian Side.
  • [47]. Bilal, M., & Askan, A. (2014). Relationships between Felt Intensity and Recorded Ground-Motion Parameters for Türkiye. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 104(1), 484-496. https://doi.org/10.1785/0120130093
  • [48]. CSI, S. (2016). CSI Analysis Reference Manual For SAP2000, ETABS, SAFE and CSiBridge.
  • [49]. Chadwell, C., & Imbsen, R. (2004). XTRACT: A tool for axial force-ultimate curvature interactions. In Structures 2004: Building on the past, securing the future (pp. 1-9).
  • [50]. Chiou, B., Darragh, R., Gregor, N., & Silva, W. (2008). NGA project strong-motion database. Earthquake Spectra, 24(1), 23-44.
  • [51]. Ghobarah, A. (2004). On drift limits associated with different damage levels. International workshop on performance-based seismic design,
  • [52]. Doğan, M. (2012). P25 ve DURTES Öndeğerlendirme Yöntemleri ve 1999 Düzce Depreminde Hasar Görmüş Binalara Uygulanması
  • [53]. Tezcan, S. S., Bal, I. E., & Gulay, F. G. (2011). P25 scoring method for the collapse vulnerability assessment of R/C buildings. Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, 34(6), 769-781. https://doi.org/10.1080/02533839.2011.591548
  • [54]. JBDPA. (2015). Guidelines for Seismic Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings, and Technical Manual for Seismic Evaluation and Seismic Retrofit of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings.
  • [55]. Tajiri, S., et al. (2024). Japanese and Turkish joint detailed survey of RC buildings damaged by the 2023 Turkey earthquake. In Proceedings of the 18th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering (WCEE2024), Milan, Italy.
  • [56]. Shegay, A. et al. (2024). Performance of RC buildings in the 2023 Turkey–Syria earthquakes. In Proceedings of the 2024 NZSEE Conference (9–11 April 2024), Tākina Wellington Convention and Exhibition Centre, New Zealand.
  • [57]. AFAD (2025). Regulation on General Principles for Post-Disaster Building Damage Assessment. Official Gazette of the Republic of Türkiye, June 22, 2025, No. 32934.
  • [58]. Aydogdu, H. H., & Ilki, A. (2023). Validation of a performance based rapid seismic assessment methodology (PERA2019) based on actual earthquake damages. Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering.
  • [59]. Danciu, L., Nandan, S., Reyes, C. G., Basili, R., Weatherill, G., Beauval, C., Rovida, A., Vilanova, S., Sesetyan, K., & Bard, P.-Y. (2021). The 2020 update of the European Seismic Hazard Model-ESHM20: Model Overview. EFEHR Technical Report, 1.
  • [60]. Ronneberger, O., Fischer, P., & Brox, T. (2015). U-net: Convolutional networks for biomedical image segmentation. International Conference on Medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention
  • [61]. Simonyan, K., & Zisserman, A. (2014). Very deep convolutional networks for large-scale image recognition. arXiv preprint arXiv:1409.1556.
There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Earthquake Engineering
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Kurtuluş Atasever 0000-0002-8100-0699

Project Number 2210007
Submission Date October 6, 2025
Acceptance Date January 12, 2026
Publication Date March 30, 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1797967
IZ https://izlik.org/JA52LD27XC
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 22 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Atasever, K. (2026). A Mobile Application-Based Data Collection Framework to Enhance the Seismic Performance of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings. Celal Bayar University Journal of Science, 22(1), 163-179. https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1797967
AMA 1.Atasever K. A Mobile Application-Based Data Collection Framework to Enhance the Seismic Performance of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings. CBUJOS. 2026;22(1):163-179. doi:10.18466/cbayarfbe.1797967
Chicago Atasever, Kurtuluş. 2026. “A Mobile Application-Based Data Collection Framework to Enhance the Seismic Performance of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings”. Celal Bayar University Journal of Science 22 (1): 163-79. https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1797967.
EndNote Atasever K (March 1, 2026) A Mobile Application-Based Data Collection Framework to Enhance the Seismic Performance of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings. Celal Bayar University Journal of Science 22 1 163–179.
IEEE [1]K. Atasever, “A Mobile Application-Based Data Collection Framework to Enhance the Seismic Performance of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings”, CBUJOS, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 163–179, Mar. 2026, doi: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1797967.
ISNAD Atasever, Kurtuluş. “A Mobile Application-Based Data Collection Framework to Enhance the Seismic Performance of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings”. Celal Bayar University Journal of Science 22/1 (March 1, 2026): 163-179. https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1797967.
JAMA 1.Atasever K. A Mobile Application-Based Data Collection Framework to Enhance the Seismic Performance of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings. CBUJOS. 2026;22:163–179.
MLA Atasever, Kurtuluş. “A Mobile Application-Based Data Collection Framework to Enhance the Seismic Performance of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings”. Celal Bayar University Journal of Science, vol. 22, no. 1, Mar. 2026, pp. 163-79, doi:10.18466/cbayarfbe.1797967.
Vancouver 1.Kurtuluş Atasever. A Mobile Application-Based Data Collection Framework to Enhance the Seismic Performance of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings. CBUJOS. 2026 Mar. 1;22(1):163-79. doi:10.18466/cbayarfbe.1797967