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Empirical Advancements in Field Oriented Control for Enhanced Induction Motor Performance in Electric Vehicle

Year 2024, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 47 - 57, 30.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1453798

Abstract

This paper introduces an advanced Field Oriented Control (FOC) strategy, specifically tailored for electric vehicle drivetrains, that streamlines the tuning process of PI controllers within the α and β coordinates of the synchronous reference frame. The innovative approach mitigates torque and stator current fluctuations while maintaining a constant switching frequency and improves inverter voltage use through third harmonic injection. Crucially, the theoretical underpinnings and simulation outcomes, obtained via MATLAB/Simulink, are substantiated by rigorous experimental verification. A dedicated DS1103-controlled testbed replicates real-world electric vehicle conditions, demonstrating the practical efficacy of the FOC method. The experimental results underscore the robustness of the control strategy across a broad range of operating scenarios, establishing a significant leap forward in electric vehicle control technology.

Ethical Statement

This study, which developed an advanced Field Oriented Control strategy for electric vehicle drivetrains, did not involve human or animal subjects and therefore did not require ethical approval. The work was purely analytical and simulation-based, adhering to relevant ethical standards for technical research. There are no ethical issues after the publication of this manuscript.

Thanks

The authors declare that no acknowledgments are applicable for this study.

References

  • [1]. M. Ganchev, “Control unit for a laboratory motor test bench for monitoring and controlling PMSM and induction motors,” 2007 European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, 2007, doi: 10.1109/epe.2007.4417431.
  • [2]. J. C. Nustes, D. P. Pau, and G. Gruosso, “Modelling the Field Oriented Control applied to a 3-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,” Software Impacts, vol. 15, p. 100479, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.simpa.2023.100479.
  • [3]. R. Ghassani, Z. Kader, M. Fadel, P. Combes, and M. Koteich, “Comparison Study of Rotor Field-Oriented Control and Stator Field-Oriented Control in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors,” 2023 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC), May 2023, doi: 10.1109/iemdc55163.2023.10239079.
  • [4]. Gudey, S.K.; Malla, M.; Jasthi, K.; Gampa, S.R. Direct Torque Control of an Induction Motor Using Fractional-Order Sliding Mode Control Technique for Quick Response and Reduced Torque Ripple. World Electr. Veh. J. 2023, 14, 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj14060137
  • [5]. Alshbib, Mussaab M., Ibrahim Mohd Alsofyani, and Mohamed Mussa Elgbaily. 2023. "Enhancement and Performance Analysis for Modified 12 Sector-Based Direct Torque Control of AC Motors: Experimental Validation" Electronics 12, no. 3: 549. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030549
  • [6]. B. Boomiraja and R. Kanagaraj, “DQ-axis Modelling and Field Oriented Control of Hybrid Flux Motor,” Sep. 2022, doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2008400/v1.
  • [7]. N. T. Dat, C. V. Kien, and H. P. H. Anh, “Optimal FOC-PID Parameters of BLDC Motor System Control Using Parallel PM-PSO Optimization Technique,” International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 1142, 2021, doi: 10.2991/ijcis.d.210319.001.
  • [8]. Manepalli, Jaya Raju, and C. V. N. Raja. "Speed control of induction motor by ZN method and genetic algorithm optimization with PI and PID controller." Int J Innov Res Electr Electron Instrum Control Eng 3.3 (2015): 15-20.
  • [9]. S. -C. Chen and H. -K. Hoai, "Studying an Adaptive Fuzzy PID Controller for PMSM with FOC based on MATLAB Embedded Coder," 2019 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Taiwan (ICCE-TW), Yilan, Taiwan, 2019, pp. 1-2, doi: 10.1109/ICCE-TW46550.2019.8991743.
  • [10]. V. S. Virkar and S. S. Karvekar, "Luenberger observer based sensorless speed control of induction motor with Fuzzy tuned PID controller," 2019 International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES), Coimbatore, India, 2019, pp. 503-508, doi: 10.1109/ICCES45898.2019.9002268.
  • [11]. A Mohammed Eltoum, M., Hussein, A. & Abido, M.A. Hybrid Fuzzy Fractional-Order PID-Based Speed Control for Brushless DC Motor. Arab J Sci Eng 46, 9423–9435 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-05262-3
  • [12]. J. Espina, A. Arias, J. Balcells and C. Ortega, "Speed Anti-Windup PI strategies review for Field Oriented Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines," 2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics, Badajoz, Spain, 2009, pp. 279-285, doi: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156047.
  • [13]. H. P. H. Anh, C. V. Kien, T. T. Huan and P. Q. Khanh, "Advanced Speed Control of PMSM Motor Using Neural FOC Method," 2018 4th International Conference on Green Technology and Sustainable Development (GTSD), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2018, pp. 696-701, doi: 10.1109/GTSD.2018.8595688.
  • [14]. A. A. Abdelrauf, W. W. Saad, A. Hebala and M. Galea, "Model Predictive Control Based PID Controller for PMSM for Propulsion Systems," 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC), Nottingham, UK, 2018, pp. 1-7, doi: 10.1109/ESARS-ITEC.2018.8607585.
  • [15]. Uralde, J.; Barambones, O.; Artetxe, E.; Calvo, I.; del Rio, A. Model Predictive Control Design and Hardware in the Loop Validation for an Electric Vehicle Powertrain Based on Induction Motors. Electronics 2023, 12, 4516. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12214516.
  • [16]. Benbouhenni, H.; Bizon, N. Improved Rotor Flux and Torque Control Based on the Third-Order Sliding Mode Scheme Applied to the Asynchronous Generator for the Single-Rotor Wind Turbine. Mathematics 2021, 9, 2297. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9182297
  • [17]. L. Guo, D. Wang, Z. Peng, and L. Diao, “Improved super‐twisting sliding mode control of a stand‐alone DFIG‐DC system with harmonic current suppression,” IET Power Electronics, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 1311–1320, May 2020, doi: 10.1049/iet-pel.2019.0691.
  • [18]. D. Zellouma, H. Benbouhenni, and Y. Bekakra, “Backstepping Control Based on a Third-order Sliding Mode Controller to Regulate the Torque and Flux of Asynchronous Motor Drive,” Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 10–20, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.3311/ppee.20333.
  • [19]. R. S. Hiware and J. G. Chaudhari, "Indirect Field Oriented Control for Induction Motor," 2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology, 2011, pp. 191-194, doi: 10.1109/ICETET.2011.56.
  • [20]. Kabache, Nadir.; Moulahoum, S.; Houassine, H" FPGA Implementation of direct Rotor Field Oriented Control for Induction Motor.
  • [21]. B. Bahrani, S. Kenzelmann and A. Rufer, "Multivariable-PI-Based dq Current Control of Voltage Source Converters With Superior Axis Decoupling Capability," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 3016-3026, July 2011, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2070776.
  • [22]. G. Acevedo, Hernando, N. Vargas, G. M. Hernando, C. Torres and J. Jairo, "Design of Rotor Flux Oriented Vector Control Systems for Induction Motor," Proceedings of The 7th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2012, pp. 1384-1388, doi: 10.1109/IPEMC.2012.6259010.
  • [23]. A. M. Trzynadlowski, “Dynamic model of the induction motor,” Control of Induction Motors, pp. 107–117, 2001, doi: 10.1016/b978-012701510-1/50006-4.
  • [24]. G. Zhang, Z. Du, Yu. Ni, and C. Li, “Nonlinear model reduction-based induction motor aggregation,” International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 398–411, May 2015, doi: 10.1002/etep.2089.
  • [25]. H. Grotstollen and A. Bunte, “Control of induction motor with orientation on rotor flux or on stator flux in a very wide field weakening region-experimental results,” Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, doi: 10.1109/isie.1996.551065.
  • [26]. H. Seo, G. Choe, J. Lim, and J. Jeong, “Slip frequency control of linear induction motor considering normal force in semi-high speed MAGLEV train,” 2017 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), Apr. 2017, doi: 10.1109/intmag.2017.8007999.
  • [27]. C. Zhou, Z. Cai, and F. Xie, “Research on speed regulation system of induction motor based on slip frequency control,” 2018 13th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA), May 2018, doi: 10.1109/iciea.2018.8397926.
  • [28]. B. Singh, S. Pandey, A. Junghare and M. V. Aware, "Design of an anti-windup fractional order PI controller based on integral state predictor within stability bound," 2016 IEEE 1st International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES), Delhi, India, 2016, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ICPEICES.2016.7853493.
  • [29]. M. O. Ajangnay, “Optimal PID controller parameters for vector control of induction motors.,” SPEEDAM 2010, Jun. 2010, doi: 10.1109/speedam.2010.5545043.
  • [30]. T. Singh, “Pole-Zero, Zero-Pole Canceling Input Shapers,” Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, vol. 134, no. 1, Dec. 2011, doi: 10.1115/1.4004576.
  • [31]. M. Ziyuan and Z. Xiaoqin, “Torque Calculation for A Nine-phase Induction Motor with Third-harmonic Current Injection,” 2021 24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Oct. 2021, doi: 10.23919/icems52562.2021.9634376.
  • [32]. M. Alshbib and S. Abdulkerim, “An Experimental and Analytical Investigation of the Direct Torque Control Method of a Three-Phase Induction Motor,” Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 4367–4379, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s42835-023-01483-2.
Year 2024, Volume: 20 Issue: 3, 47 - 57, 30.09.2024
https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1453798

Abstract

References

  • [1]. M. Ganchev, “Control unit for a laboratory motor test bench for monitoring and controlling PMSM and induction motors,” 2007 European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, 2007, doi: 10.1109/epe.2007.4417431.
  • [2]. J. C. Nustes, D. P. Pau, and G. Gruosso, “Modelling the Field Oriented Control applied to a 3-phase Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor,” Software Impacts, vol. 15, p. 100479, Mar. 2023, doi: 10.1016/j.simpa.2023.100479.
  • [3]. R. Ghassani, Z. Kader, M. Fadel, P. Combes, and M. Koteich, “Comparison Study of Rotor Field-Oriented Control and Stator Field-Oriented Control in Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors,” 2023 IEEE International Electric Machines & Drives Conference (IEMDC), May 2023, doi: 10.1109/iemdc55163.2023.10239079.
  • [4]. Gudey, S.K.; Malla, M.; Jasthi, K.; Gampa, S.R. Direct Torque Control of an Induction Motor Using Fractional-Order Sliding Mode Control Technique for Quick Response and Reduced Torque Ripple. World Electr. Veh. J. 2023, 14, 137. https://doi.org/10.3390/wevj14060137
  • [5]. Alshbib, Mussaab M., Ibrahim Mohd Alsofyani, and Mohamed Mussa Elgbaily. 2023. "Enhancement and Performance Analysis for Modified 12 Sector-Based Direct Torque Control of AC Motors: Experimental Validation" Electronics 12, no. 3: 549. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12030549
  • [6]. B. Boomiraja and R. Kanagaraj, “DQ-axis Modelling and Field Oriented Control of Hybrid Flux Motor,” Sep. 2022, doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2008400/v1.
  • [7]. N. T. Dat, C. V. Kien, and H. P. H. Anh, “Optimal FOC-PID Parameters of BLDC Motor System Control Using Parallel PM-PSO Optimization Technique,” International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 1142, 2021, doi: 10.2991/ijcis.d.210319.001.
  • [8]. Manepalli, Jaya Raju, and C. V. N. Raja. "Speed control of induction motor by ZN method and genetic algorithm optimization with PI and PID controller." Int J Innov Res Electr Electron Instrum Control Eng 3.3 (2015): 15-20.
  • [9]. S. -C. Chen and H. -K. Hoai, "Studying an Adaptive Fuzzy PID Controller for PMSM with FOC based on MATLAB Embedded Coder," 2019 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Taiwan (ICCE-TW), Yilan, Taiwan, 2019, pp. 1-2, doi: 10.1109/ICCE-TW46550.2019.8991743.
  • [10]. V. S. Virkar and S. S. Karvekar, "Luenberger observer based sensorless speed control of induction motor with Fuzzy tuned PID controller," 2019 International Conference on Communication and Electronics Systems (ICCES), Coimbatore, India, 2019, pp. 503-508, doi: 10.1109/ICCES45898.2019.9002268.
  • [11]. A Mohammed Eltoum, M., Hussein, A. & Abido, M.A. Hybrid Fuzzy Fractional-Order PID-Based Speed Control for Brushless DC Motor. Arab J Sci Eng 46, 9423–9435 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-020-05262-3
  • [12]. J. Espina, A. Arias, J. Balcells and C. Ortega, "Speed Anti-Windup PI strategies review for Field Oriented Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines," 2009 Compatibility and Power Electronics, Badajoz, Spain, 2009, pp. 279-285, doi: 10.1109/CPE.2009.5156047.
  • [13]. H. P. H. Anh, C. V. Kien, T. T. Huan and P. Q. Khanh, "Advanced Speed Control of PMSM Motor Using Neural FOC Method," 2018 4th International Conference on Green Technology and Sustainable Development (GTSD), Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, 2018, pp. 696-701, doi: 10.1109/GTSD.2018.8595688.
  • [14]. A. A. Abdelrauf, W. W. Saad, A. Hebala and M. Galea, "Model Predictive Control Based PID Controller for PMSM for Propulsion Systems," 2018 IEEE International Conference on Electrical Systems for Aircraft, Railway, Ship Propulsion and Road Vehicles & International Transportation Electrification Conference (ESARS-ITEC), Nottingham, UK, 2018, pp. 1-7, doi: 10.1109/ESARS-ITEC.2018.8607585.
  • [15]. Uralde, J.; Barambones, O.; Artetxe, E.; Calvo, I.; del Rio, A. Model Predictive Control Design and Hardware in the Loop Validation for an Electric Vehicle Powertrain Based on Induction Motors. Electronics 2023, 12, 4516. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12214516.
  • [16]. Benbouhenni, H.; Bizon, N. Improved Rotor Flux and Torque Control Based on the Third-Order Sliding Mode Scheme Applied to the Asynchronous Generator for the Single-Rotor Wind Turbine. Mathematics 2021, 9, 2297. https://doi.org/10.3390/math9182297
  • [17]. L. Guo, D. Wang, Z. Peng, and L. Diao, “Improved super‐twisting sliding mode control of a stand‐alone DFIG‐DC system with harmonic current suppression,” IET Power Electronics, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 1311–1320, May 2020, doi: 10.1049/iet-pel.2019.0691.
  • [18]. D. Zellouma, H. Benbouhenni, and Y. Bekakra, “Backstepping Control Based on a Third-order Sliding Mode Controller to Regulate the Torque and Flux of Asynchronous Motor Drive,” Periodica Polytechnica Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, vol. 67, no. 1, pp. 10–20, Jan. 2023, doi: 10.3311/ppee.20333.
  • [19]. R. S. Hiware and J. G. Chaudhari, "Indirect Field Oriented Control for Induction Motor," 2011 Fourth International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering & Technology, 2011, pp. 191-194, doi: 10.1109/ICETET.2011.56.
  • [20]. Kabache, Nadir.; Moulahoum, S.; Houassine, H" FPGA Implementation of direct Rotor Field Oriented Control for Induction Motor.
  • [21]. B. Bahrani, S. Kenzelmann and A. Rufer, "Multivariable-PI-Based dq Current Control of Voltage Source Converters With Superior Axis Decoupling Capability," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 58, no. 7, pp. 3016-3026, July 2011, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2010.2070776.
  • [22]. G. Acevedo, Hernando, N. Vargas, G. M. Hernando, C. Torres and J. Jairo, "Design of Rotor Flux Oriented Vector Control Systems for Induction Motor," Proceedings of The 7th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, 2012, pp. 1384-1388, doi: 10.1109/IPEMC.2012.6259010.
  • [23]. A. M. Trzynadlowski, “Dynamic model of the induction motor,” Control of Induction Motors, pp. 107–117, 2001, doi: 10.1016/b978-012701510-1/50006-4.
  • [24]. G. Zhang, Z. Du, Yu. Ni, and C. Li, “Nonlinear model reduction-based induction motor aggregation,” International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 398–411, May 2015, doi: 10.1002/etep.2089.
  • [25]. H. Grotstollen and A. Bunte, “Control of induction motor with orientation on rotor flux or on stator flux in a very wide field weakening region-experimental results,” Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics, doi: 10.1109/isie.1996.551065.
  • [26]. H. Seo, G. Choe, J. Lim, and J. Jeong, “Slip frequency control of linear induction motor considering normal force in semi-high speed MAGLEV train,” 2017 IEEE International Magnetics Conference (INTERMAG), Apr. 2017, doi: 10.1109/intmag.2017.8007999.
  • [27]. C. Zhou, Z. Cai, and F. Xie, “Research on speed regulation system of induction motor based on slip frequency control,” 2018 13th IEEE Conference on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ICIEA), May 2018, doi: 10.1109/iciea.2018.8397926.
  • [28]. B. Singh, S. Pandey, A. Junghare and M. V. Aware, "Design of an anti-windup fractional order PI controller based on integral state predictor within stability bound," 2016 IEEE 1st International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES), Delhi, India, 2016, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/ICPEICES.2016.7853493.
  • [29]. M. O. Ajangnay, “Optimal PID controller parameters for vector control of induction motors.,” SPEEDAM 2010, Jun. 2010, doi: 10.1109/speedam.2010.5545043.
  • [30]. T. Singh, “Pole-Zero, Zero-Pole Canceling Input Shapers,” Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement, and Control, vol. 134, no. 1, Dec. 2011, doi: 10.1115/1.4004576.
  • [31]. M. Ziyuan and Z. Xiaoqin, “Torque Calculation for A Nine-phase Induction Motor with Third-harmonic Current Injection,” 2021 24th International Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems (ICEMS), Oct. 2021, doi: 10.23919/icems52562.2021.9634376.
  • [32]. M. Alshbib and S. Abdulkerim, “An Experimental and Analytical Investigation of the Direct Torque Control Method of a Three-Phase Induction Motor,” Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 4367–4379, Apr. 2023, doi: 10.1007/s42835-023-01483-2.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Electrical Machines and Drives, Simulation, Modelling, and Programming of Mechatronics Systems
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mussaab Alshbib 0000-0002-6607-4737

Sohayb Abdulkerim 0000-0002-3448-9129

Publication Date September 30, 2024
Submission Date March 15, 2024
Acceptance Date August 31, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 20 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Alshbib, M., & Abdulkerim, S. (2024). Empirical Advancements in Field Oriented Control for Enhanced Induction Motor Performance in Electric Vehicle. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 20(3), 47-57. https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1453798
AMA Alshbib M, Abdulkerim S. Empirical Advancements in Field Oriented Control for Enhanced Induction Motor Performance in Electric Vehicle. CBUJOS. September 2024;20(3):47-57. doi:10.18466/cbayarfbe.1453798
Chicago Alshbib, Mussaab, and Sohayb Abdulkerim. “Empirical Advancements in Field Oriented Control for Enhanced Induction Motor Performance in Electric Vehicle”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 20, no. 3 (September 2024): 47-57. https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1453798.
EndNote Alshbib M, Abdulkerim S (September 1, 2024) Empirical Advancements in Field Oriented Control for Enhanced Induction Motor Performance in Electric Vehicle. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 20 3 47–57.
IEEE M. Alshbib and S. Abdulkerim, “Empirical Advancements in Field Oriented Control for Enhanced Induction Motor Performance in Electric Vehicle”, CBUJOS, vol. 20, no. 3, pp. 47–57, 2024, doi: 10.18466/cbayarfbe.1453798.
ISNAD Alshbib, Mussaab - Abdulkerim, Sohayb. “Empirical Advancements in Field Oriented Control for Enhanced Induction Motor Performance in Electric Vehicle”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 20/3 (September 2024), 47-57. https://doi.org/10.18466/cbayarfbe.1453798.
JAMA Alshbib M, Abdulkerim S. Empirical Advancements in Field Oriented Control for Enhanced Induction Motor Performance in Electric Vehicle. CBUJOS. 2024;20:47–57.
MLA Alshbib, Mussaab and Sohayb Abdulkerim. “Empirical Advancements in Field Oriented Control for Enhanced Induction Motor Performance in Electric Vehicle”. Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 20, no. 3, 2024, pp. 47-57, doi:10.18466/cbayarfbe.1453798.
Vancouver Alshbib M, Abdulkerim S. Empirical Advancements in Field Oriented Control for Enhanced Induction Motor Performance in Electric Vehicle. CBUJOS. 2024;20(3):47-5.