Orbital Socket Infection Associated with Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum pigrum

Semih Özmen; İbrahim Talyurt; Nil Helvacıoğlu Özmen

Review

Orbital Socket Infection Associated with Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum pigrum

Year 2025, Volume: 7, 13 - 18, 31.12.2025

Semih Özmen , İbrahim Talyurt , Nil Helvacıoğlu Özmen

Abstract

Purpose: To present a rare case of socket infection associated with hydroxyapatite sphere exposure in which Dolosigranulum pigrum (D. pigrum) was isolated, and to review the relevant literature regarding its ocular pathogenicity.

Methods: A retrospective case analysis was conducted, including clinical presentation, microbiological findings, surgical management, and treatment outcomes of a patient with recurrent socket infection. Relevant literature on ocular infections caused by D. pigrum was reviewed to contextualize the clinical significance of this organism.

Results: A 45 year-old immunocompetent male with a history of enucleation and orbital implantplacement developed recurrent mucopurulent socket infection. Initial cultures revealed Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Schaalia odontolytica. Following implant removal and antibiotic therapy, infection recurred, and repeat cultures isolated Dolosigranulum pigrum along with S. aureus. The D. pigrum isolate was susceptible to penicillin, vancomycin, and meropenem, and resistant to clindamycin. Complete clinical resolution was achieved with topical moxifloxacin.

Conclusion: Dolosigranulum pigrum is an uncommon but clinically relevant ocular pathogen. This case highlights that, beyond immunosuppressed individuals, D. pigrum may also cause infection in immunocompetent patients when local predisposing factors—such as chronic implant exposure—are present. Accurate diagnosis and targeted therapy are essential for successful management.

Keywords

Dolosigranulum pigrum , socket infection , hydroxyapatite implant , orbital implant exposure , ; ocular microbiology , keratitis , rare pathogens

References

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There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language	English
Subjects	Ophthalmology
Journal Section	Review
Authors	Semih Özmen 0000-0003-2403-7572 İbrahim Talyurt 0000-0002-8156-0944 Nil Helvacıoğlu Özmen 0000-0003-4726-9886
Submission Date	December 17, 2025
Acceptance Date	December 24, 2025
Publication Date	December 31, 2025
Published in Issue	Year 2025 Volume: 7

Cite

APA	Özmen, S., Talyurt, İ., & Helvacıoğlu Özmen, N. (2025). Orbital Socket Infection Associated with Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum pigrum. Clinical and Experimental Ocular Trauma and Infection, 7, 13-18.
AMA	Özmen S, Talyurt İ, Helvacıoğlu Özmen N. Orbital Socket Infection Associated with Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum pigrum. CEOTI. December 2025;7:13-18.
Chicago	Özmen, Semih, İbrahim Talyurt, and Nil Helvacıoğlu Özmen. “Orbital Socket Infection Associated With Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum Pigrum”. Clinical and Experimental Ocular Trauma and Infection 7, December (December 2025): 13-18.
EndNote	Özmen S, Talyurt İ, Helvacıoğlu Özmen N (December 1, 2025) Orbital Socket Infection Associated with Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum pigrum. Clinical and Experimental Ocular Trauma and Infection 7 13–18.
IEEE	S. Özmen, İ. Talyurt, and N. Helvacıoğlu Özmen, “Orbital Socket Infection Associated with Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum pigrum”, CEOTI, vol. 7, pp. 13–18, 2025.
ISNAD	Özmen, Semih et al. “Orbital Socket Infection Associated With Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum Pigrum”. Clinical and Experimental Ocular Trauma and Infection 7 (December2025), 13-18.
JAMA	Özmen S, Talyurt İ, Helvacıoğlu Özmen N. Orbital Socket Infection Associated with Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum pigrum. CEOTI. 2025;7:13–18.
MLA	Özmen, Semih et al. “Orbital Socket Infection Associated With Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum Pigrum”. Clinical and Experimental Ocular Trauma and Infection, vol. 7, 2025, pp. 13-18.
Vancouver	Özmen S, Talyurt İ, Helvacıoğlu Özmen N. Orbital Socket Infection Associated with Hydroxyapatite Implant Exposure: Isolation of Dolosigranulum pigrum. CEOTI. 2025;7:13-8.