Review of Artificial Intelligence Technologies Used in the Field of Occupational Health and Safety

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 20 - 33, 31.07.2024

Burak Ayan , Serhat Taşçı , Enes Bin Malik Köksal

Öz

The developing industry and increasingly complex production processes pose new risks in terms of occupational health and safety. Accordingly, it is seen that accidents can be prevented by using innovations brought by technology and performing more frequent inspections with more effective methods in order to detect and eliminate hazards. Considering that a large portion of accidents are caused by the human factor, occupational safety professionals who inspect the field and detect and eliminate hazards are also one of the human factors on the way to accidents. With artificial intelligence, it is seen that both the work that can be dangerous by employees is done with expert systems and field analysis, risk assessment and detection of hazards, work environment surveillance, root cause analysis, etc. are increasingly used in many areas depending on the data collected from the field. Thus, it is aimed to prevent accidents that may occur due to the human factor. In this study, artificial intelligence tools used in the field of occupational health and safety in the literature are examined. In the applications made, it is seen that it increases efficiency in work areas and practical solutions are obtained in a short time. However, it is also emphasized that the process should not be completely under the control of artificial intelligence in the problems that are desired to be solved. Considering the speed of artificial intelligence developments, it is thought that the number and quality of its applications in the field of occupational health and safety will increase day by day

Anahtar Kelimeler

Occupational Safety, Occupational Health, Occupational Disease, Artificial Intelligence, Expert Systems, Large Language Models, Machine Learning

İş Sağlığı ve Güvenliği Alanında Kullanılan Yapay Zeka Teknolojilerine İlişkin İnceleme

Öz

Gelişen endüstri ve giderek karmaşıklaşan üretim süreçleri iş sağlığı ve güvenliği açısından yeni riskleri ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak tehlikelerin tespiti ve risklerin ortadan kaldırılması için çalışma sahasının teknolojinin getirdiği yeniliklerden faydalanıp daha etkin yöntemlerle daha sık denetiminin yapılarak kazaların önüne geçilebileceği görülmektedir. Kazaların büyük bir kısmının insan faktöründen kaynaklandığını göz önünde bulundurursak sahayı denetleyen ve tehlikeleri tespit ederek ortadan kaldıran iş güvenliği profesyonelleri de kazalara giden yoldaki insan faktöründen bir tanesidir. Yapay zeka ile hem çalışanlarca tehlikeli olabilecek işlerin uzman sistemlerle yapılması, hem de sahadan toplanan verilere bağlı olarak saha analizi, risklerin değerlendirilmesi ve tehlikelerin tespiti, çalışma ortamı gözetimi, kök neden analizi gibi uygulamalarının giderek daha çok alanda kullanıldığı görülmektedir. Böylece insan faktörüne bağlı oluşabilecek kazaların önüne geçilmesi hedeflenmektedir. Bu çalışmada, literatürde yer alan iş sağlığı ve güvenliği alanında kullanılan yapay zeka araçları incelenmiştir. Yapılan uygulamalarda, çalışma alanlarında verimliliği arttırdığı, kısa zamanlarda pratik çözümlerin elde edildiği görülmektedir. Ancak çözümlenmesi istenilen problemlerde sürecin, tamamen yapay zeka kontrolünde olmaması gerektiği de vurgulanmaktadır. Yapay zeka gelişmelerinin hızı dikkate alındığında, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği alanındaki uygulamalarının da gün geçtikçe sayı ve niteliklerinin artacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

İş Güvenliği, İş Sağlığı, Meslek Hastalığı, Yapay Zeka, Uzman Sistemler, Büyük Dil Modelleri, Makine Öğrenmesi

Kaynakça

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