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Year 2014, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 98 - 108, 31.12.2014

Abstract

References

  • 1. Repokari L et al. Infertility Treatment and Marital Relationships: A One-Year Prospective Study Among Successfully Treated ART Couples and Their Controls. Hum Reprod 22(5) (2007) 1481-1491.
  • 2. Uysal P. [In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer (IVF-ET) and Ethics.] T Klin History-Law Medical Ethics 11(1) (2003) 41–44.
  • 3. Aydın E. [Ethical Problems Related the Surrogate Maternity.] Turk Soc Obstet Gynecol 3(1) (2006) 19–25.
  • 4. Görgülü Ü. [Surrogacy-Fiqh An Overview.] The Journal of Islamic Law Research 15 (2010) 197–208.
  • 5. Kırkbeşoğlu N. [Bioethics and Legal Issues in the Field of Paternity.] İstanbul: Vedat Publishing 2006, 70-71.
  • 6. Hatzis AN. From Soft to Hard Paternalism and Back: The Regulation of Surrogate Motherhood in Greece. Portuguese Economic Journal 8(3) (2009) 205-220.
  • 7. Keser L. [Loan Maternity Contract, Argumentum.] Monthly Law Journal 7(52) (1997) 306-314.
  • 8. Ciccarelli JC, Beckman LJ. Navigating Rough Waters: An Overview of Psychological Aspectsof Surrogacy. J Soc Issues 61(1) (2005) 21–43.
  • 9. Ben-Asher N. The Curing Law: On The Evolution Of Baby-Making Markets. Cardozo Law Revıew 30(5) (2009) 1885–1924.
  • 10. Van den Akker OBA. Psycho-social Aspects of Surrogate Motherhood. Human Reproduction Update 13(1) (2007) 53–62.
  • 11. Metin S. [The Nature Resultant from the Orbit: Surrogacy Appearance Ethical, Social, Psychological and Legal.] Health Law Article-II. Istanbul Bar Association Publications (2012) 7-54.
  • 12. Palattiyil G et al. Globalization and Cross-Border Reproductive Services: Ethical İmplications of Surrogacy in India for Social Work. Internal Social Work 53 (5) (2010) 686–700.
  • 13. Donchin A. Reproductive Tourism And The Quest For Global Gender Justice. Bioethics 24(7) (2010) 323-32.
  • 14. Baslington H. The Social Organization of Surrogacy: Relinquishing a Baby and the Role of Payment in the Psychological Detachment Process. J Health Psychol 7(1) (2002) 57-71.
  • 15. Damelio J, Sorensen K. Enhancing Autonomy In Paid Surrogacy. Bioethics 22(5) (2008) 269-77.
  • 16. Hanna JKM. Revisiting Child-Based Objections To Commercial Surrogacy. Bioethics, 24(7) (2010) 341-7.
  • 17. Andrews LB. Beyond Doctrinal Boundaries: A Legal Framework for Surrogate Motherhood. Virginia Law Review 81(8) (1995) 2343-75.
  • 18. Donovan P. Reproductive Technologies: Some Legal Dilemmas. Family Planning Perspectives 18(2) (1996) 57–60.
  • 19. Liezl VZ. Intentional Parenthood and the Nuclear Family. Journal of Medical Humanities 23(2) (2002)107-118.
  • 20. Teman E. The Medicalization of ‘Nature’ in the ‘Artificial Body: Surrogate Motherhood in Israel. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 17(1) (2003) 78–98.
  • 21. Tieu MM. Altruistic surrogacy: The Necessary Objectification of Surrogate Mothers. Journal of Medical Ethics 35 (3) (2009) 171-5.
  • 22. Ragoné H. Chasing the Blood Tie: Surrogate Mothers, Adoptive Mothers and Fathers. American Ethnologist 23 (2) (1996) 352-365.
  • 23. Posner RA. The Ethics and Economics of Enforcing Contracts of Surrogate Motherhood. Journal of Contemporary Health Law and Policy 5(21) (1989) 21-31.
  • 24. Jadva V et al. Surrogacy: The Experiences of Surrogate Mothers. Human Reproduction 18(10) (2003) 2196-2204.
  • 25. Oguz HD. Effects Of Infertility On Mental Health, Marriage Relationships And Sexual Life Among The Women Undergoing Infertility Treatments.] Istanbul: TC. Ministry of Health, Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, 2004. (dissertation).
  • 26. Anleu SR. Surrogacy: For Love ut Not for Money? Gender and Society 16(1) (1992) 30-48.
  • 27. Çiçek N, Mollamahmutoğlu L. (Ed.). Assisted Reproductive Techniques and Ethics, Assisted Reproductive Techniques from A to Z. Ankara: Palme Publishing 2009 397–405.
  • 28. Fisher AM. The Journey of Gestational Surrogacy: Religion, Spirituality and Assisted Reproductive Technologies. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1364436X.2013.801831 (Accessed 15 February 2014).
  • 29. Thompson C. Making Parents the Ontological Choreography of Reproductive Technologies. Cambridge: MA: The MIT Press, 2005.
  • 30. Inhorn MC. Global Infertility and the Globalization of New Reproductive Technologies: Illustrations from Egypt. Social Science & Medicine 56 (9) (2003) 1837–1851.
  • 31. Aramesh K. Iran’s Experience With Surrogate Motherhood: An Islamic View and Ethical Concerns. J Med Ethics 35 (5) (2009) 320-2.
  • 32. Goldman B. Infertility Giving Birth to New Problems for Doctors and Lawyers. Canadian Medical Association Journal 138 (2) ( 1988) 166-67 .
  • 33. Rothenberg K. Surrogacy and the Health Care Professional, in: Gostin, L (ed) Surrogate Motherhood, Politics and Privacy, Indiana University Press, Bloomington and Indianapolis 1990, 206-215.
  • 34. Reilly D. Surrogate Pregnancy: A Guide for Canadian Prenatal Health Care Providers. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 176 (4) (2007) 483-485.
  • 35. Örnek Büken N. [Üremeye Yardımcı Tedavi (ÜYT) Uygulamaları ve Üremeye Yardımcı Tedavi Merkezleri Hakkında Yönetmelik ile ilgili Bazı Çıkarımlar.] Acessed Date: 14.02.2014. www.huksam.hacettepe.edu.tr/Turkce/.../uremeye_yardimci.doc

ETHICAL ISSUES IN THE SURROGATE MATERNITY PRACTICE

Year 2014, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 98 - 108, 31.12.2014

Abstract

The assisted reproductive technology was initially considered to be a treatment tool for infertile couples. However, as it was started in time to use the uteri of other women for the embryos of the other ones, the concept of surrogate maternity appeared.

The surrogate maternity is practiced in three types. In the first type of surrogate maternity, the sperm of the spouse of the prospective mother is inseminated with the ovum of the surrogate mother. The second method is the in-vitro insemination of the ovum of the prospective mother with the sperm of her own spouse, and then transferring it into the uterus of the surrogate mother. The third method is to use the sperms and ovum of the third persons for insemination.

The surrogate maternity comes with a number of ethical problems. It is reported that this practice may induce such risks that the natural reproduction would be withdrawn, and that the female body would become and sold as a reproductive box, the natural process would be medicalized, and some risks associated with the pregnancy and delivery would likely be experienced. For such reasons, there is a need to discuss the potential losses and benefits of the surrogate maternity.

References

  • 1. Repokari L et al. Infertility Treatment and Marital Relationships: A One-Year Prospective Study Among Successfully Treated ART Couples and Their Controls. Hum Reprod 22(5) (2007) 1481-1491.
  • 2. Uysal P. [In Vitro Fertilization-Embryo Transfer (IVF-ET) and Ethics.] T Klin History-Law Medical Ethics 11(1) (2003) 41–44.
  • 3. Aydın E. [Ethical Problems Related the Surrogate Maternity.] Turk Soc Obstet Gynecol 3(1) (2006) 19–25.
  • 4. Görgülü Ü. [Surrogacy-Fiqh An Overview.] The Journal of Islamic Law Research 15 (2010) 197–208.
  • 5. Kırkbeşoğlu N. [Bioethics and Legal Issues in the Field of Paternity.] İstanbul: Vedat Publishing 2006, 70-71.
  • 6. Hatzis AN. From Soft to Hard Paternalism and Back: The Regulation of Surrogate Motherhood in Greece. Portuguese Economic Journal 8(3) (2009) 205-220.
  • 7. Keser L. [Loan Maternity Contract, Argumentum.] Monthly Law Journal 7(52) (1997) 306-314.
  • 8. Ciccarelli JC, Beckman LJ. Navigating Rough Waters: An Overview of Psychological Aspectsof Surrogacy. J Soc Issues 61(1) (2005) 21–43.
  • 9. Ben-Asher N. The Curing Law: On The Evolution Of Baby-Making Markets. Cardozo Law Revıew 30(5) (2009) 1885–1924.
  • 10. Van den Akker OBA. Psycho-social Aspects of Surrogate Motherhood. Human Reproduction Update 13(1) (2007) 53–62.
  • 11. Metin S. [The Nature Resultant from the Orbit: Surrogacy Appearance Ethical, Social, Psychological and Legal.] Health Law Article-II. Istanbul Bar Association Publications (2012) 7-54.
  • 12. Palattiyil G et al. Globalization and Cross-Border Reproductive Services: Ethical İmplications of Surrogacy in India for Social Work. Internal Social Work 53 (5) (2010) 686–700.
  • 13. Donchin A. Reproductive Tourism And The Quest For Global Gender Justice. Bioethics 24(7) (2010) 323-32.
  • 14. Baslington H. The Social Organization of Surrogacy: Relinquishing a Baby and the Role of Payment in the Psychological Detachment Process. J Health Psychol 7(1) (2002) 57-71.
  • 15. Damelio J, Sorensen K. Enhancing Autonomy In Paid Surrogacy. Bioethics 22(5) (2008) 269-77.
  • 16. Hanna JKM. Revisiting Child-Based Objections To Commercial Surrogacy. Bioethics, 24(7) (2010) 341-7.
  • 17. Andrews LB. Beyond Doctrinal Boundaries: A Legal Framework for Surrogate Motherhood. Virginia Law Review 81(8) (1995) 2343-75.
  • 18. Donovan P. Reproductive Technologies: Some Legal Dilemmas. Family Planning Perspectives 18(2) (1996) 57–60.
  • 19. Liezl VZ. Intentional Parenthood and the Nuclear Family. Journal of Medical Humanities 23(2) (2002)107-118.
  • 20. Teman E. The Medicalization of ‘Nature’ in the ‘Artificial Body: Surrogate Motherhood in Israel. Medical Anthropology Quarterly 17(1) (2003) 78–98.
  • 21. Tieu MM. Altruistic surrogacy: The Necessary Objectification of Surrogate Mothers. Journal of Medical Ethics 35 (3) (2009) 171-5.
  • 22. Ragoné H. Chasing the Blood Tie: Surrogate Mothers, Adoptive Mothers and Fathers. American Ethnologist 23 (2) (1996) 352-365.
  • 23. Posner RA. The Ethics and Economics of Enforcing Contracts of Surrogate Motherhood. Journal of Contemporary Health Law and Policy 5(21) (1989) 21-31.
  • 24. Jadva V et al. Surrogacy: The Experiences of Surrogate Mothers. Human Reproduction 18(10) (2003) 2196-2204.
  • 25. Oguz HD. Effects Of Infertility On Mental Health, Marriage Relationships And Sexual Life Among The Women Undergoing Infertility Treatments.] Istanbul: TC. Ministry of Health, Bakırköy Prof. Dr. Mazhar Osman Mental Health and Neurological Diseases Training and Research Hospital, 2004. (dissertation).
  • 26. Anleu SR. Surrogacy: For Love ut Not for Money? Gender and Society 16(1) (1992) 30-48.
  • 27. Çiçek N, Mollamahmutoğlu L. (Ed.). Assisted Reproductive Techniques and Ethics, Assisted Reproductive Techniques from A to Z. Ankara: Palme Publishing 2009 397–405.
  • 28. Fisher AM. The Journey of Gestational Surrogacy: Religion, Spirituality and Assisted Reproductive Technologies. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1364436X.2013.801831 (Accessed 15 February 2014).
  • 29. Thompson C. Making Parents the Ontological Choreography of Reproductive Technologies. Cambridge: MA: The MIT Press, 2005.
  • 30. Inhorn MC. Global Infertility and the Globalization of New Reproductive Technologies: Illustrations from Egypt. Social Science & Medicine 56 (9) (2003) 1837–1851.
  • 31. Aramesh K. Iran’s Experience With Surrogate Motherhood: An Islamic View and Ethical Concerns. J Med Ethics 35 (5) (2009) 320-2.
  • 32. Goldman B. Infertility Giving Birth to New Problems for Doctors and Lawyers. Canadian Medical Association Journal 138 (2) ( 1988) 166-67 .
  • 33. Rothenberg K. Surrogacy and the Health Care Professional, in: Gostin, L (ed) Surrogate Motherhood, Politics and Privacy, Indiana University Press, Bloomington and Indianapolis 1990, 206-215.
  • 34. Reilly D. Surrogate Pregnancy: A Guide for Canadian Prenatal Health Care Providers. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 176 (4) (2007) 483-485.
  • 35. Örnek Büken N. [Üremeye Yardımcı Tedavi (ÜYT) Uygulamaları ve Üremeye Yardımcı Tedavi Merkezleri Hakkında Yönetmelik ile ilgili Bazı Çıkarımlar.] Acessed Date: 14.02.2014. www.huksam.hacettepe.edu.tr/Turkce/.../uremeye_yardimci.doc
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Journal Section Articles
Authors

Rukiye Türk

Fusun Terzioğlu This is me

Publication Date December 31, 2014
Submission Date April 21, 2014
Acceptance Date June 27, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2014 Volume: 1 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Türk, R., & Terzioğlu, F. (2014). ETHICAL ISSUES IN THE SURROGATE MATERNITY PRACTICE. Caucasian Journal of Science, 1(1), 98-108.

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