Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis

Hatice Boyacıoğlu Erden; Özlem Büşra Doğan; Sema Dural

doi:10.65022/clindentres.1733971

Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis

Abstract

Background and Aim: The temporomandibular joint exhibits complex biomechanics and anatomical variability, making it susceptible to various morphological changes. This study aimed to investigate the morphological variations of the mandibular condyle and coronoid process using cone-beam computed tomography, and to evaluate their distribution across gender and dental status. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 150 cone-beam computed tomography scans from individuals aged 18–80 years. Condylar morphology was assessed in both sagittal and coronal planes, while coronoid morphology was evaluated in the sagittal plane. Morphological classifications followed established radiological criteria. Statistical analysis was performed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests (p≤0.05), and power analysis was conducted using G*Power software. Results: In sagittal views, the round condylar shape was the most prevalent (63.3%), followed by beak-like (29.3%), flat (6.0%), and concave (1.3%) shapes. In coronal views, convex was the most common (48.3%), followed by angled (18.7%), flat (18.3%), rounded (13%), and concave (1.7%) shapes. Coronoid morphology was classified as round (52%) and triangular (48%). No statistically significant association was found between condylar or coronoid morphology and gender or edentulism (p>0.05). Conclusion: Cone-beam computed tomography provides accurate morphological evaluation of temporomandibular joint structures. Understanding condylar and coronoid shape variations is clinically relevant for diagnosis, treatment planning, and population-based anatomical assessments.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

not applicable

Ethical Statement

The present study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee (GO-21/399).

Thanks

not applicable

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology

Journal Section

Clinical Research

Authors

Hatice Boyacıoğlu Erden
0000-0001-7654-5988
Türkiye

Özlem Büşra Doğan ^*
0000-0001-5510-549X
Türkiye

Sema Dural
0000-0002-8399-3129
Türkiye

Publication Date

December 12, 2025

Submission Date

July 3, 2025

Acceptance Date

July 28, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 49 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.65022/clindentres.1733971

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA99MB42MD

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Boyacıoğlu Erden, H., Doğan, Ö. B., & Dural, S. (2025). Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis. Clinical Dentistry and Research, 49(3), 158-164. https://doi.org/10.65022/clindentres.1733971

AMA

1.Boyacıoğlu Erden H, Doğan ÖB, Dural S. Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis. Clin Dent Res. 2025;49(3):158-164. doi:10.65022/clindentres.1733971

Chicago

Boyacıoğlu Erden, Hatice, Özlem Büşra Doğan, and Sema Dural. 2025. “Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis”. Clinical Dentistry and Research 49 (3): 158-64. https://doi.org/10.65022/clindentres.1733971.

EndNote

Boyacıoğlu Erden H, Doğan ÖB, Dural S (December 1, 2025) Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis. Clinical Dentistry and Research 49 3 158–164.

IEEE

[1]H. Boyacıoğlu Erden, Ö. B. Doğan, and S. Dural, “Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis”, Clin Dent Res, vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 158–164, Dec. 2025, doi: 10.65022/clindentres.1733971.

ISNAD

Boyacıoğlu Erden, Hatice - Doğan, Özlem Büşra - Dural, Sema. “Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis”. Clinical Dentistry and Research 49/3 (December 1, 2025): 158-164. https://doi.org/10.65022/clindentres.1733971.

JAMA

1.Boyacıoğlu Erden H, Doğan ÖB, Dural S. Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis. Clin Dent Res. 2025;49:158–164.

MLA

Boyacıoğlu Erden, Hatice, et al. “Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis”. Clinical Dentistry and Research, vol. 49, no. 3, Dec. 2025, pp. 158-64, doi:10.65022/clindentres.1733971.

Vancouver

1.Hatice Boyacıoğlu Erden, Özlem Büşra Doğan, Sema Dural. Morphological Variations of the Mandibular Condyle and Coronoid Process in CBCT Images: A Retrospective Analysis. Clin Dent Res. 2025 Dec. 1;49(3):158-64. doi:10.65022/clindentres.1733971