Determination of Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccine and Affecting Factors of Individuals Applying to the Family Health Center

Year 2023, , 478 - 484, 11.09.2023

Ezgi Demirtürk Selçuk , Birsel Canan Demirbağ

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1007360

Abstract

Objective: This research was carried out to determine the attitudes of individuals who applied to primary care during the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the factors affecting the COVID-19 vaccine.
Methods: The descriptive study was conducted with individuals (n=190) who applied to five family health centers in Erzincan city center between March-June 2021. The data were collected using the "Personal Information Form" and the "Scale of Attitudes towards the COVID-19 Vaccine" by paying attention to the pandemic rules by face-to-face interview method.
Results: It was determined that 75.3% of the individuals were women, 41.1% were primary school graduates, 59.5% lived in a nuclear family and 74.2% had no chronic disease. Individuals Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccine Scale mean score was 3.26±0.78 out of 5, positive attitude sub-dimension mean score was 3.32±0.99, and negative attitude sub-dimension mean score was 3.21±0.71. There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the Attitudes Towards COVID-19 Vaccine Scale and the status of individuals thinking that COVID-19 vaccine is necessary for public health, worrying about getting COVID-19 infection, having COVID-19 vaccine, and following information about COVID-19 vaccine.
Conclusions: It was determined that the attitudes of these individuals towards the COVID-19 vaccine were at a positive level. The reasons for participants' concerns about the COVID-19 vaccine are fear of side effects of the vaccine and the production of the vaccine in a very short period of time.

Keywords

attitude, COVID-19, family health center, vaccine

References

• Singhal TA. Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Indian J Pediatr. 2020;87(4):281-286. DOI:10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6
• Hoşgör H, Aközlü ZG, Hoşgör D. The perception concerning the COVID-19 pandemic: case of Turkey. The European Research Journal 2021;7(2):116–126. DOI:10.18621/eurj.774757
• Sharpe HR, Gilbride C, Allen E, Belij-Rammerstorfer S, Bissett C, Ewer K, Lambe T. The early landscape of COVID-19 vaccine development in the UK and rest of the world. Immunology 2020;160(3):223-232. DOI:10.1111/imm.13222
• Younger DS, Younger AP, Guttmacher S. Childhood vaccination: Implications for global and domestic public health. Neurol Clin. 2016;34(4):1035-1047. DOI:10.1016/j.ncl.2016.05.004
• Chen WH, Strych U, Hotez PJ, Bottazzi ME. The SARS-CoV-2 vaccine pipeline: an overview. Curr Trop Med Rep. 2020;7(2):61-64. DOI:10.1007/s40475-020-00201-6
• Loomba S, Figueiredo A, Piatek SJ, Graaf K, Larson HJ. Measuring the impact of COVID-19 vaccine misinformation on vaccination intent in the UK and USA. Nat Hum Behav 2021;5(3):337–348. DOI:10.1038/s41562-021-01056-1
• Lurie N, Saville M, Hatchett R, Halton J. Developing Covid-19 vaccines at pandemic speed. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(21):1969–1973. DOI:10.1056/NEJMp2005630
• Khan YH, Mallhi TH, Alotaibi NH, Alzarea AI, Alanazi AS, Tanveer N, Hashmi FK. Threat of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Pakistan: the need for measures to neutralize misleading narratives. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2020;103(2):603-604. DOI:10.4269/ajtmh.20-0654.
• Wilson K, Nguyen HH, Brehaut H. Acceptance of a pandemic influenza vaccine: A systematic review of surveys of the general public. Infect Drug Resist. 2021; 4:197-207. DOI:10.2147/IDR.S23174
• Cerda AA, García LY. Willingness to pay for a COVID-19 vaccine. Appl Health Econ Health Policy. 2021;19(3):343-351. DOI: 10.1007/s40258-021-00644-6
• Burden, S, Henshall C, Oshikanlu R. Harnessing the nursing contribution to COVID-19 mass vaccination programmes: Addressing hesitancy and promoting confidence. J Adv Nurs. 2021;77(8):e16–e20. DOI:10.1111/jan.14854
• Alqudeimat Y, Alenezi D, AlHajri B,Alfouzan H, Almokhaizeem Z, Altamimi S, Almansouri W, Alzalzalah S, Ziyab AH. Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine and ıts related determinants among the general adult population in Kuwait. Med Princ Pract. 2021;30(3):262-271. DOI:10.1159/000514636
• Al-Jayyousi GF, Sherbash MAM, Ali LAM, El Heneidy A, Alhussaini NWZ, Elhassan MEA, Nazzal MA. Factors influencing public attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccination: A scoping review informed by the socio-ecological model. Vaccines 2021;9(6):548-574. DOI:10.3390/vaccines9060548
• Geniş B, Gürhan N, Koç M, Geniş Ç, Şirin B, Çırakoğlu OC, Coşar B. Development of perception and attitude scales related with COVID-19 pandemia. Pearson Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities. 2020;5(7):306-328. DOI:10.46872/pj.127
• Turan GB, Aksoy M, Özer Z, Demir C. The association between coronaphobia and attitude towards COVID-19 Vaccine: A sample in the east of Turkey. Encephale 2022;48(1):38-42. DOI:10.1016/j.encep.2021.04.002
• Reiter PL, Pennell ML, Katz ML. Acceptability of a COVID-19 vaccine among adults in the United States: How many people would get vaccinated? Vaccine 2020;38(42):6500-6507. DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.08.043
• Al-Mohaithef M, Padhi BK. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in Saudi Arabia: a web-based national survey. J Multidiscip Healthc. 2020;20(13):1657-1663. DOI:10.2147/JMDH.S276771
• Erkekoğlu P, Erdemli Köse, SB, Balcı A, Yirün A. Vaccine hesitancy and effects of COVID-19. J Lit Pharm Sci. 2020;9(2):208-220. DOI:10.5336/pharmsci.2020-76102
• Guan WJ, Ni ZY, Hu Y, Liang WH, Ou CQ, He JX, He JX, Liu L, Shan H, Lei CL, Hui DSC, Du B, Li LJ, Zeng G, Yuen K, Chen RC, Tang CL, Wang T, Chen PY, Xiang J, Li SY, Wang JL, Liang ZJ, Peng YX, Wei L, Liu Y, Hu YH, Peng P, Wang JM, Liu JY, Chen Z, Li G, Zhen ZJ, Qiu SQ, Luo J, Ye CJ, Zhu SY, Zhong NS. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(18):1708-1720. DOI:10.1056/NEJMoa2002032
• Gülbahar M, Gök MZ. Effects of Coronavirus-19 on the Cardiovascular System. Turkiye Klinikleri J NursSci. 2020;12(2):305-314. DOI:10.1038/s41569-020-0360-5
• Xiao X, Wong RM. Vaccine hesitancy and perceived behavioral control: A meta-analysis. Vaccine 2020;38(33):5131–5138. DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.04.076
• Larson HJ, Clarke RM, Jarrett C, Eckersberge E, Levine Z, Schulz WS, Paterson P. Measuring trust in vaccination: A systematic review. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2018;14(7):1599–1609. DOI:10.1080/21645515.2018.1459252
• Halpin C, Reid B. Attitudes and beliefs of healthcare workers about influenza vaccination. Nurs Older People 2019;31(2):32–39. DOI:10.7748/nop.2019.e1154
• Yılmaz Hİ, Turğut B, Çıtlak G, Mert O, Paralı B, Engin M, Aktaş A, Alimoğlu O. Türkiye’de insanların COVID-19 aşısına bakışı [People's view of COVID-19 vaccine in Turkey]. Dicle Med J. 2021;48(3):583-594. (Turkish)
• Abu-Farha RK, Alzoubi KH, Khabour OF. Public willingness to participate in COVID-19 vaccine clinical trials: A study from Jordan. Patient Prefer Adherence 2020; 14:2451-2458. DOI:10.2147/PPA.S284385
• Ellington S, Strid P, Tong VT, Woodworth K, Galang RR, Zambrano LD, Nahabedian J, Anderson K, Gilboa SM. Characteristics of women of reproductive age with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by pregnancy status—United States, January 22–June 7 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(25):769–775. DOI:10.15585/mmwr.mm6925a1
• Gan L, Chen Y, Hu P, Wu D, Zhu Y, Tan J, Li Y, Zhang D. Willingness to receive SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and associated factors among chinese adults: A cross sectional survey. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021;18(4):1993-2004. DOI:10.3390/ijerph18041993
• Guidry J, Laestadius LI, Vraga EK, Miller CA, Perrin PB, Burton CW, Ryan M, Fuemmeler BF, Carlyle KE. Willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine with and without emergency use authorization. Am J Infect Control 2021;49(2):137–142. DOI:10.1016/j.ajic.2020.11.018
• Kaplan AK, Sahin MK, Parildar H, Adadan Guvenc I. The willingness to accept the COVID‐19 vaccine and affecting factors among healthcare professionals: A cross‐sectional study in Turkey. Int J Clin Pract. 2021;75(7):e14226-e14235. DOI:10.1111/ijcp.14226
• Gagneux-Brunon A, Detoc M, Bruel S, Tardy B, Rozaire O, Frappe P, Botelho-Nevers E. Intention to get vaccinations against COVID-19 in French healthcare workers during the first pandemic wave: A cross-sectional survey. J Hosp Infect. 2021;108:168-173. DOI:10.1016/j.jhin.2020.11.020
• Williams L, Gallant AJ, Rasmussen S, Nicholls LB, Cogan N, Deakin K, Young D, Flowers P. Towards intervention development to increase the uptake of COVID-19 vaccination among those at high risk: Outlining evience-based and theoretically informed future intervention content. Br J Health Psychol. 2020;25(4);1039-1054. DOI:10.1111/bjhp.12468
• Lardone A, Sorrentino P, Giancamilli F, Palombi T, Simper T, Mandolesi L, Lucidi F, Chirico A, Galli F. Psychosocial variables and quality of life during the COVID-19 lockdown: A correlational study on a convenience sample of young Italians. Peer J. 2020;18(8):e10611-e10632. DOI:10.7717/peerj.10611
• Harper CA, Satchell LP, Fido D, Latzman RD. Functional fear predicts public health compliance in the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Ment Health Addict. 2020:19(5):1875-1888. DOI:10.1007/s11469-020-00281-5
• Head KJ, Kasting ML, Sturm LA, Hartsock JA, Zimet GD. A national survey assessing SARSCoV-2 vaccination intentions: Implications for future public health communication efforts. Sci Commun.2020;42(5):698-723. DOI: 10.1177/1075547020960463
• Schwarzinger M, Watson V, Arwidson P, Alla F, Luchini S. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in a representative working-age population in France: A survey experiment based on vaccine characteristics. Lancet Public Health 2021;6(4):e210-e221. DOI:10.1016/S2468-2667(21)00012-8
• Karabela ŞN, Coşkun F, Hoşgör H. Investigation of the relationships between perceived causes of COVID-19, attitudes towards vaccine and level of trust in information sources from the perspective of Infodemic: The case of Turkey. BMC Public Health 2021; 21(1):1195-1206. DOI:10.1186/s12889-021-11262-1
• Murphy J, Vallières F, Bentall RP, Shevlin M, McBride O, Hartman TK, McKay R, Bennett K, Mason L, Gibson-Miller J, Levita L, Martinez AP, Stocks TVA, Karatzias T, Hyland P. Psychological characteristics associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and resistance in Ireland and the United Kingdom. Nat Commun. 2021;12(1):29-43. DOI:10.1038/s41467-020-20226-9