Research Article
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Year 2023, , 400 - 403, 15.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1126447

Abstract

References

  • Hafizi S, Dahlbäck B. GAS 6 and protein S: Vitamin K-dependent ligands for the Axl receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily. FEBS Journal 2006;273:5231–5244. DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05529.x.
  • Manfioletti G, Brancolini C, Avanzi G, Schneider C. The protein encoded by a growth arrest-specific gene (GAS 6) is a new member of the vitamin K-dependent proteins related to protein S, a negative coregulator in the blood coagulation cascade. Mol Cell Biol. 1993;13(8):4976-4985. DOI: 10.1128/mcb.13.8.4976-4985.1993.
  • Myers KV, Amend SR, Pienta KJ. Targeting Tyro3, Axl and MerTK (TAM receptors): implications for macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Mol Cancer 2019;18(1):94. DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1022-2.
  • Ni BK, Cai JY, Wang XB, Lin Q, Zhang XN, Wu JH. Utility of serum growth arrest-specific protein 6 as a biomarker of severity and prognosis after severe traumatic brain injury: A prospective observational study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2022;18:1441-1453. DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S372904.
  • Yamaoka T, Kusumoto S, Ando K, Ohba M, Ohmori T. Receptor tyrosine kinase-targeted cancer therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2018; 6;19(11):3491. DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113491.
  • Lee CH, Chun T. Anti-inflammatory role of TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases via modulating macrophage function. Mol Cells 2019;31;42(1):1-7. DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0419.
  • Gay CM, Balaji K, Byers LA. Giving AXL the axe: Targeting AXL in human malignancy. Br J Cancer 2017;116(4):415-423. DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.428.
  • Graham D, DeRyckere D, Davies K, Earp H. The TAM family: Phosphatidylserine sensing receptor tyrosine kinases gone awry in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2014; 14:769–1785. DOI: 10.1038/nrc3847.
  • Niu ZS, Niu XJ, and Wang WH. Role of the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl in hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical relevance. Future Oncology 2019; 15:6653-6662. DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0528.
  • Avilla E, Guarino V, Visciano C, Liotti F, Svelto M, Krishnamoorthy G, Franco R, Melillo RM. Activation of TYRO3/AXL tyrosine kinase receptors in thyroid cancer. Cancer Res. 2011;71(5):1792-1804. DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2186.
  • Mc Cormack O, Chung WY, Fitzpatrick P, Cooke F, Flynn B, Harrison M, Fox E, Gallagher E, Goldrick AM, Dervan PA, Mc Cann A, Kerin MJ. Growth arrest-specific gene 6 expression in human breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2008;25:98:1141-1146. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604260.
  • Hsieh MS, Yang PW, Wong LF, Lee JM. The AXL receptor tyrosine kinase is associated with adverse prognosis and distant metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016;7(24):36956-36970. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9231.
  • Lee-Sherick AB, Eisenman KM, Sather S, McGranahan A, Armistead PM, McGary CS, Hunsucker SA, Schlegel J, Martinson H, Cannon C, Keating AK, Earp HS, Liang X, DeRyckere D, Graham DK. Aberrant Mer receptor tyrosine kinase expression contributes to leukemogenesis in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncogene 2013; 32: 5359–5368. DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.40.
  • Akitake-Kawano R, Seno H, Nakatsuji M, Kimura Y, Nakanishi Y, Yoshioka T, Kanda K, Kawada M, Kawada K, Sakai Y, Chiba T. Inhibitory role of GAS 6 in intestinal tumorigenesis. Carcinogenesis 2013;34:1567-1574. DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt069.
  • García-Aranda M, Redondo M. Targeting receptor kinases in colorectal cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019;27;11(4): 433. DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040433.
  • Toprak A, Ozakpınar O, Karaca Z, Cikrikcioglu MA, Hursitoglu M, Uras AR, Adeli K, Uras F. Association of plasma growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS 6) concentrations with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. Ren Fail. 2014;36(5):737-742. DOI: 10.3109/0886022X.2014.883997.
  • Butti R, Das S, Gunasekaran VP, Yadav AS, Kumar D, Kundu GC. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in breast cancer: signaling, therapeutic implications and challenges. Mol Cancer 2018;17:34:1-18. DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0797-x.
  • Raval SH, Singh RD, Joshi DV, Patel HB, Mody SK. Recent developments in receptor tyrosine kinases targeted anticancer therapy. Veterinary World 2016;9(1): 80-90. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.80-90.
  • Wu G, Ma Z, Hu W, Wang D, Gong B, Fan C, Jiang S, Li T, Gao J, Yang Y. Molecular insights of GAS 6/TAM in cancer development and therapy. Cell Death Dis. 2017; 23;8(3):e2700. DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.113.
  • Whitman SP, Kohlschmidt J, Maharry K, Volinia S, Mrozek K, Nicolet D, Schwind S, Becker H, Metzeler KH, Mendler JH, Eisfeld AK, Carroll AJ, Powell BL, Carter TH, Baer MR, Kolitz JE, Park IK, Stone RM, Caligiuri MA, Marcucci G, Bloomfield CD. GAS 6 expression identifies high-risk adult AML patients: potential implications for therapy. Leukemia 2014; 28: 1252–1258. DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.371.
  • Han J, Tian R, Yong B, Luo C, Tan P, Shen J, Peng T. GAS 6/Axl mediates tumor cell apoptosis, migration and invasion and predicts the clinical outcome of osteosarcoma patients. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013; 435: 493–500. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.019.
  • Gustafsson A, Martuszewska D, Johansson M, Ekman C, Hafizi S, Ljungberg B, Dahlbäck B. Differential expression of Axl and GAS 6 in renal cell carcinoma reflecting tumor advancement and survival. Clin Cancer Res. 2009; 15: 4742–4749. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-2514.
  • Uribe DJ, Mandell EK, Watson A, Martinez JD, Leighton JA, Ghosh S, Rothlin CV. The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL promotes migration and invasion in colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2017;20;12(7):e0179979. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179979.
  • Hutterer M, Knyazev P, Abate A, Knyazeva T, Barbieri V, Reindl M, Muigg A, Kostron H, Stockhammer G, Ullrich A. Axl and growth arrest-specific gene 6 are frequently overexpressed in human gliomas and predict poor prognosis in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14(1):130-138. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-0862.
  • Hung HC, Chien TW, Tsay SL, Hang HM, Liang SY. Patient and clinical variables account for changes in health-related quality of life and symptom burden as treatment outcomes in colorectal cancer: A longitudinal study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(3):1905-1909. DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.3.1905.

Determination of the Plasma Levels of Growth Arrest Specific 6 in Colon Cancer Patients

Year 2023, , 400 - 403, 15.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1126447

Abstract

Objective: Growth arrest-specific 6 (GAS 6) has a role in cell proliferation and was detected in different cancer types. The aim of this study was to evaluate the plasma GAS 6 levels in colon cancer patients.
Methods: This was a prospective study and conducted in a research and training hospital in Turkey. Thirty-three healthy volunteers were enrolled in the control group, thirty-three colon cancer patients who were diagnosed with colon cancer for the first time. Sociodemographic characteristics of participants were recorded. Blood samples of the control group were taken once a time. Patients’ blood samples were taken before and one month after surgery.
Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the sociodemographic characteristics of the two groups. The mean plasma GAS 6 levels in control were significantly higher than that of colon cancer patients (p<.0001). There is a statistically significant increase in GAS 6 values after surgery (p<.0001).
Conclusion: It was observed that plasma GAS 6 levels of the patients were lower than the control group and were elevated after surgery. We think that our study will contribute to the literature in addition to studies showing that GAS 6 levels may be associated with survival and prognosis in different cancer types.

References

  • Hafizi S, Dahlbäck B. GAS 6 and protein S: Vitamin K-dependent ligands for the Axl receptor tyrosine kinase subfamily. FEBS Journal 2006;273:5231–5244. DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2006.05529.x.
  • Manfioletti G, Brancolini C, Avanzi G, Schneider C. The protein encoded by a growth arrest-specific gene (GAS 6) is a new member of the vitamin K-dependent proteins related to protein S, a negative coregulator in the blood coagulation cascade. Mol Cell Biol. 1993;13(8):4976-4985. DOI: 10.1128/mcb.13.8.4976-4985.1993.
  • Myers KV, Amend SR, Pienta KJ. Targeting Tyro3, Axl and MerTK (TAM receptors): implications for macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. Mol Cancer 2019;18(1):94. DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1022-2.
  • Ni BK, Cai JY, Wang XB, Lin Q, Zhang XN, Wu JH. Utility of serum growth arrest-specific protein 6 as a biomarker of severity and prognosis after severe traumatic brain injury: A prospective observational study. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2022;18:1441-1453. DOI: 10.2147/NDT.S372904.
  • Yamaoka T, Kusumoto S, Ando K, Ohba M, Ohmori T. Receptor tyrosine kinase-targeted cancer therapy. Int J Mol Sci. 2018; 6;19(11):3491. DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113491.
  • Lee CH, Chun T. Anti-inflammatory role of TAM family of receptor tyrosine kinases via modulating macrophage function. Mol Cells 2019;31;42(1):1-7. DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0419.
  • Gay CM, Balaji K, Byers LA. Giving AXL the axe: Targeting AXL in human malignancy. Br J Cancer 2017;116(4):415-423. DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.428.
  • Graham D, DeRyckere D, Davies K, Earp H. The TAM family: Phosphatidylserine sensing receptor tyrosine kinases gone awry in cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 2014; 14:769–1785. DOI: 10.1038/nrc3847.
  • Niu ZS, Niu XJ, and Wang WH. Role of the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl in hepatocellular carcinoma and its clinical relevance. Future Oncology 2019; 15:6653-6662. DOI: 10.2217/fon-2018-0528.
  • Avilla E, Guarino V, Visciano C, Liotti F, Svelto M, Krishnamoorthy G, Franco R, Melillo RM. Activation of TYRO3/AXL tyrosine kinase receptors in thyroid cancer. Cancer Res. 2011;71(5):1792-1804. DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-10-2186.
  • Mc Cormack O, Chung WY, Fitzpatrick P, Cooke F, Flynn B, Harrison M, Fox E, Gallagher E, Goldrick AM, Dervan PA, Mc Cann A, Kerin MJ. Growth arrest-specific gene 6 expression in human breast cancer. Br J Cancer 2008;25:98:1141-1146. DOI: 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604260.
  • Hsieh MS, Yang PW, Wong LF, Lee JM. The AXL receptor tyrosine kinase is associated with adverse prognosis and distant metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Oncotarget 2016;7(24):36956-36970. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9231.
  • Lee-Sherick AB, Eisenman KM, Sather S, McGranahan A, Armistead PM, McGary CS, Hunsucker SA, Schlegel J, Martinson H, Cannon C, Keating AK, Earp HS, Liang X, DeRyckere D, Graham DK. Aberrant Mer receptor tyrosine kinase expression contributes to leukemogenesis in acute myeloid leukemia. Oncogene 2013; 32: 5359–5368. DOI: 10.1038/onc.2013.40.
  • Akitake-Kawano R, Seno H, Nakatsuji M, Kimura Y, Nakanishi Y, Yoshioka T, Kanda K, Kawada M, Kawada K, Sakai Y, Chiba T. Inhibitory role of GAS 6 in intestinal tumorigenesis. Carcinogenesis 2013;34:1567-1574. DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgt069.
  • García-Aranda M, Redondo M. Targeting receptor kinases in colorectal cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019;27;11(4): 433. DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040433.
  • Toprak A, Ozakpınar O, Karaca Z, Cikrikcioglu MA, Hursitoglu M, Uras AR, Adeli K, Uras F. Association of plasma growth arrest-specific protein 6 (GAS 6) concentrations with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes. Ren Fail. 2014;36(5):737-742. DOI: 10.3109/0886022X.2014.883997.
  • Butti R, Das S, Gunasekaran VP, Yadav AS, Kumar D, Kundu GC. Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) in breast cancer: signaling, therapeutic implications and challenges. Mol Cancer 2018;17:34:1-18. DOI: 10.1186/s12943-018-0797-x.
  • Raval SH, Singh RD, Joshi DV, Patel HB, Mody SK. Recent developments in receptor tyrosine kinases targeted anticancer therapy. Veterinary World 2016;9(1): 80-90. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.80-90.
  • Wu G, Ma Z, Hu W, Wang D, Gong B, Fan C, Jiang S, Li T, Gao J, Yang Y. Molecular insights of GAS 6/TAM in cancer development and therapy. Cell Death Dis. 2017; 23;8(3):e2700. DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.113.
  • Whitman SP, Kohlschmidt J, Maharry K, Volinia S, Mrozek K, Nicolet D, Schwind S, Becker H, Metzeler KH, Mendler JH, Eisfeld AK, Carroll AJ, Powell BL, Carter TH, Baer MR, Kolitz JE, Park IK, Stone RM, Caligiuri MA, Marcucci G, Bloomfield CD. GAS 6 expression identifies high-risk adult AML patients: potential implications for therapy. Leukemia 2014; 28: 1252–1258. DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.371.
  • Han J, Tian R, Yong B, Luo C, Tan P, Shen J, Peng T. GAS 6/Axl mediates tumor cell apoptosis, migration and invasion and predicts the clinical outcome of osteosarcoma patients. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2013; 435: 493–500. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.05.019.
  • Gustafsson A, Martuszewska D, Johansson M, Ekman C, Hafizi S, Ljungberg B, Dahlbäck B. Differential expression of Axl and GAS 6 in renal cell carcinoma reflecting tumor advancement and survival. Clin Cancer Res. 2009; 15: 4742–4749. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-2514.
  • Uribe DJ, Mandell EK, Watson A, Martinez JD, Leighton JA, Ghosh S, Rothlin CV. The receptor tyrosine kinase AXL promotes migration and invasion in colorectal cancer. PLoS One 2017;20;12(7):e0179979. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179979.
  • Hutterer M, Knyazev P, Abate A, Knyazeva T, Barbieri V, Reindl M, Muigg A, Kostron H, Stockhammer G, Ullrich A. Axl and growth arrest-specific gene 6 are frequently overexpressed in human gliomas and predict poor prognosis in patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Clin Cancer Res. 2008;14(1):130-138. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-0862.
  • Hung HC, Chien TW, Tsay SL, Hang HM, Liang SY. Patient and clinical variables account for changes in health-related quality of life and symptom burden as treatment outcomes in colorectal cancer: A longitudinal study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev. 2013;14(3):1905-1909. DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2013.14.3.1905.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Songul Tezcan 0000-0002-1147-6683

Fikret İzzettin 0000-0001-5568-7012

Özlem Bingöl Özakpınar 0000-0003-0287-5639

Vafi Attaallah 0000-0002-3179-4144

Perran Yumuk 0000-0001-8650-299X

Fikriye Uras 0000-0001-7381-1822

Publication Date June 15, 2023
Submission Date June 27, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Tezcan, S., İzzettin, F., Bingöl Özakpınar, Ö., Attaallah, V., et al. (2023). Determination of the Plasma Levels of Growth Arrest Specific 6 in Colon Cancer Patients. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 13(2), 400-403. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1126447
AMA Tezcan S, İzzettin F, Bingöl Özakpınar Ö, Attaallah V, Yumuk P, Uras F. Determination of the Plasma Levels of Growth Arrest Specific 6 in Colon Cancer Patients. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. June 2023;13(2):400-403. doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1126447
Chicago Tezcan, Songul, Fikret İzzettin, Özlem Bingöl Özakpınar, Vafi Attaallah, Perran Yumuk, and Fikriye Uras. “Determination of the Plasma Levels of Growth Arrest Specific 6 in Colon Cancer Patients”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13, no. 2 (June 2023): 400-403. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1126447.
EndNote Tezcan S, İzzettin F, Bingöl Özakpınar Ö, Attaallah V, Yumuk P, Uras F (June 1, 2023) Determination of the Plasma Levels of Growth Arrest Specific 6 in Colon Cancer Patients. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13 2 400–403.
IEEE S. Tezcan, F. İzzettin, Ö. Bingöl Özakpınar, V. Attaallah, P. Yumuk, and F. Uras, “Determination of the Plasma Levels of Growth Arrest Specific 6 in Colon Cancer Patients”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 400–403, 2023, doi: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1126447.
ISNAD Tezcan, Songul et al. “Determination of the Plasma Levels of Growth Arrest Specific 6 in Colon Cancer Patients”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13/2 (June 2023), 400-403. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1126447.
JAMA Tezcan S, İzzettin F, Bingöl Özakpınar Ö, Attaallah V, Yumuk P, Uras F. Determination of the Plasma Levels of Growth Arrest Specific 6 in Colon Cancer Patients. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13:400–403.
MLA Tezcan, Songul et al. “Determination of the Plasma Levels of Growth Arrest Specific 6 in Colon Cancer Patients”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 2, 2023, pp. 400-3, doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1126447.
Vancouver Tezcan S, İzzettin F, Bingöl Özakpınar Ö, Attaallah V, Yumuk P, Uras F. Determination of the Plasma Levels of Growth Arrest Specific 6 in Colon Cancer Patients. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13(2):400-3.

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