Serum Amino Acid Profile in Chronic Sinusitis

Year 2022, , 576 - 581, 28.09.2022

Nihal Efe Atila , Alptuğ Atila

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.916590

Abstract

Objective: Serum amino acid profile is known to vary in many diseases. The changes in the serum amino acid profile provide important information about diseases and the effectiveness of treatment. The aim of this study is to investigate whether serum amino acids are effective in the development of CRS.
Methods: A total of 23 healthy volunteers between the ages of 20 and 40 years were allocated to the control group (Group 1) and 27 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis were allocated to the study group (Group 2). The patients whose history, symptom, and examination findings were consistent with chronic sinusitis and who also who had sinusitis findings on a paranasal sinus tomography and were diagnosed with chronic sinusitis for at least one year were included in Group 2. A total of 32 serum-free amino acid levels were measured in both group using the LC-MS/MS system. In the study, the JASEM amino acid kit was used for LC-MS/MS analysis.
Results: The serum taurine level was found to be statistically significantly lower in Group 2 compared to Group 1 (p:0.002). A significant alteration was not observed in the serum levels of remaining 31 amino acids.
Conclusion: According to the data we obtained from the study, decreased serum taurine level may be a factor in the etiopathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis and therefore taurine supplementation may be considered as a new therapeutic target in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis.

Keywords

Chronic sinusitis, Taurine, Human serum, Amino acids, LC-MS/MS

References

• 1. Fokkens W, Lund V, Mullol J. [European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps group]. Zhonghua er bi yan hou tou jing wai ke za zhi = Chinese journal of otorhinolaryngology head and neck surgery [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2020 Dec 10];43(4):317–20. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17844873
• 2. Hirsch AG, Stewart WF, Sundaresan AS, Young AJ, Kennedy TL, Scott Greene J, et al. Nasal and sinus symptoms and chronic rhinosinusitis in a population-based sample. Allergy: European Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2017 Feb 1;72(2):274–81.
• 3. Kucuksezer UC, Ozdemir C, Akdis M, Akdis CA. Chronic rhinosinusitis: pathogenesis, therapy options, and more. Vol. 19, Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy. Taylor and Francis Ltd; 2018. p. 1805–15.
• 4. Murtaza Mustafa1 , P.Patawari2 , HM, Iftikhar3, SC.Shimmi4, SS.Hussain5 MS. Acute and Chronic Rhinosinusitis, Pathophysiology and Treatment. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Science Invention. 2015;4(2):30–6.
• 5. Bose S, Grammer LC, Peters AT. Infectious Chronic Rhinosinusitis [Internet]. Vol. 4, Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice. 2016 [cited 2020 Dec 10]. p. 584–9. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213219816301064
• 6. Fokkens W, Kok J, Bachert C. The high prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis in Europe: findings from the GA2LEN questionnaire. Allergy [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2020 Dec 10];64(suppl. 90):597–8. Available from: https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/803427
• 7. Shashy RG, Moore EJ, Weaver A. Prevalence of the Chronic Sinusitis Diagnosis in Olmsted County, Minnesota [Internet]. Vol. 130, Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery. 2004 [cited 2020 Dec 10]. p. 320–3. Available from: http://archotol.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?doi=10.1001/archotol.130.3.320
• 8. Lam K, Schleimer R, Kern RC. The Etiology and Pathogenesis of Chronic Rhinosinusitis: a Review of Current Hypotheses [Internet]. Vol. 15, Current Allergy and Asthma Reports. Current Medicine Group LLC 1; 2015 [cited 2020 Dec 10]. p. 41. Available from: http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11882-015-0540-2
• 9. Gudis D, Zhao KQ, Cohen NA. Acquired cilia dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis [Internet]. Vol. 26, American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy. 2012 [cited 2020 Dec 10]. p. 1–6. Available from: http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.2500/ajra.2012.26.3716
• 10. Wu G. Amino acids: Metabolism, functions, and nutrition [Internet]. Vol. 37, Amino Acids. 2009 [cited 2020 Dec 10]. p. 1–17. Available from: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s00726-009-0269-0.pdf
• 11. Calder PC, Yaqoob P. Amino acids and immune function. In: Metabolic and Therapeutic Aspects of Amino Acids in Clinical Nutrition, Second Edition [Internet]. 2003 [cited 2020 Dec 11]. p. 305–20. Available from: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/british-journal-of-nutrition/article/amino-acids-and-immune-function/B1A9C1587A8602613F6447BA8404D8E1
• 12. Schuller-Levis GB, Park E. Taurine and Its Chloramine: Modulators of Immunity. Vol. 29, Neurochemical Research. 2004. p. 117–26.
• 13. Warskulat U, Heller-Stilb B, Oermann E, Zilles K, Haas H, Lang F, et al. Phenotype of the Taurine Transporter Knockout Mouse. In: Methods in Enzymology [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2020 Dec 10]. p. 439–58. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0076687907280255
• 14. Janusz Marcinkiewicz, Kontny E. Taurine, taurine derivatives and the immune system. In: Transworld Research Network [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2020 Dec 10]. p. 101–29. Available from: https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7a2d/4f4ecb3cc935506c69979073c4814bfa9f9c.pdf
• 15. Watanabe A, Higashi T, Sakata T, Nagashima H. Serum Amino Acid Levels in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancer. 1984;54(9):1875–82.
• 16. Cascino A, Muscaritoli M, Cangiano C, Conversano L, Laviano A, Ariemma S, et al. Plasma amino acid imbalance in patients with lung and breast cancer. Anticancer Research [Internet]. 1995 [cited 2020 Dec 10];15(2):507–10. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7763031
• 17. Miyagi Y, Higashiyama M, Gochi A, Akaike M, Ishikawa T, Miura T, et al. Plasma free amino acid profiling of five types of cancer patients and its application for early detection. PLoS ONE. 2011;6(9).
• 18. Mustafa A, Gupta S, Hudes GR, Egleston BL, Uzzo RG, Kruger WD. Serum amino acid levels as a biomarker for renal cell carcinoma. Journal of Urology. 2011 Oct;186(4):1206–12.
• 19. Hasim A, Aili A, Maimaiti A, Mamtimin B, Abudula A, Upur H. Plasma-free amino acid profiling of cervical cancer and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia patients and its application for early detection. Molecular Biology Reports [Internet]. 2013 [cited 2020 Dec 10];40(10):5853–9. Available from: https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11033-013-2691-3.pdf
• 20. Tochikubo O, Nakamura H, Jinzu H, Nagao K, Yoshida H, Kageyama N, et al. Weight loss is associated with plasma free amino acid alterations in subjects with metabolic syndrome. Nutrition & diabetes [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2020 Dec 10];6:e197. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/nutd20165/
• 21. Hong S-Y, Yang D-H, Chang S-K. The relationship between plasma homocysteine and amino acid concentrations in patients with end-stage renal disease. Journal of Renal Nutrition [Internet]. 1998 [cited 2020 Dec 10];8(1):34–9. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1051227698900358
• 22. Vente JP, Von Meyenfeldt MF, Van Eijk HMH, Van Berlo CLH, Gouma DJ, Van Der Linden CJ, et al. Plasma-amino acid profiles in sepsis and stress. Annals of Surgery [Internet]. 1989 [cited 2020 Dec 10];209(1):57–62. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1493873/
• 23. Celik M, Şen A, Koyuncu İ, Gönel A. Plasma-Free Amino Acid Profiling of Nasal Polyposis Patients. Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening [Internet]. 2019 [cited 2020 Dec 10];22(9):657–62. Available from: https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ben/cchts/2019/00000022/00000009/art00008
• 24. Melén I. Chronic sinusitis: Clinical and pathophysiological aspects. Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 1994;114(S515):45–8.
• 25. Ohlsson K, Odsson I. The Neutral Proteases of Human Granulocytes: Isolation and Partial Characterization of Granulocyte Elastases. European Journal of Biochemistry. 1974;42(2):519–27.
• 26. Itoh K, Katahira S, Matsuzaki T, Ohyama M, Fukuda K. Retention fluids of chronic sinusitis induce neutrophil adherence to microvascular endothelial cells. Acta Oto-Laryngologica. 1992;112(2):882–9.
• 27. Lugrin J, Rosenblatt-Velin N, Parapanov R, Liaudet L. The role of oxidative stress during inflammatory processes [Internet]. Vol. 395, Biological Chemistry. 2014 [cited 2020 Dec 10]. p. 203–30. Available from: https://www.degruyter.com/view/journals/bchm/395/2/article-p203.xml
• 28. Paulis G. Inflammatory mechanisms and oxidative stress in prostatitis: The possible role of antioxidant therapy [Internet]. Vol. 10, Research and Reports in Urology. 2018 [cited 2020 Dec 10]. p. 75–87. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6149977/
• 29. Harijith A, Ebenezer DL, Natarajan V. Reactive oxygen species at the crossroads of inflammasome and inflammation. Frontiers in Physiology. 2014 Sep 29;5.
• 30. Learn DB, Fried VA, Thomas EL. Taurine and hypotaurine content of human leukocytes. Journal of Leukocyte Biology. 1990;48(2):174–82.
• 31. Green TR, Fellman JH, Eicher AL, Pratt KL. Antioxidant role and subcellular location of hypotaurine and taurine in human neutrophils. BBA - General Subjects [Internet]. 1991 [cited 2020 Dec 10];1073(1):91–7. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/030441659190187L
• 32. Aruoma OI, Halliwell B, Hoey BM, Butler J. The antioxidant action of taurine, hypotaurine and their metabolic precursors. Biochemical Journal [Internet]. 1988 [cited 2020 Dec 10];256(1):251–5. Available from: https://portlandpress.com/biochemj/article-abstract/256/1/251/36586
• 33. Schaffer SW, Azuma J, Mozaffari M. Role of antioxidant activity of taurine in diabetes. In: Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. 2009. p. 91–9.
• 34. Zgliczyński JM, Stelmaszyńska T, Domański J, Ostrowski W. Chloramines as intermediates of oxidation reaction of amino acids by myeloperoxidase. BBA - Enzymology [Internet]. 1971 [cited 2020 Dec 10];235(3):419–24. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0005274471902816
• 35. Marcinkiewicz J, Kontny E. Taurine and inflammatory diseases. Vol. 46, Amino Acids. 2014. p. 7–20.
• 36. Nagl M, Teuchner B, Pöttinger E, Ulmer H, Gottardi W. Tolerance of N-chlorotaurine, a new antimicrobial agent, in infectious conjunctivitis - A phase II pilot study. Ophthalmologica [Internet]. 2000 [cited 2020 Dec 10];214(2):111–4. Available from: https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/27477
• 37. Neher A, Gstöttner M, Nagl M, Scholtz A, Gunkel AR. N-chlorotaurine-A new safe substance for postoperative ear care. Auris Nasus Larynx [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2020 Dec 10];34(1):19–22. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0385814606001325
• 38. Neher A, Fischer H, Appenroth E, Lass-Flörl C, Mayr A, Gschwendtner A, et al. Tolerability of N-chlorotaurine in chronic rhinosinusitis applied via yamik catheter. Auris Nasus Larynx [Internet]. 2005 [cited 2020 Dec 10];32(4):359–64. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0385814605000805
• 39. Nagl M, Nguyen VA, Gottardi W, Ulmer H, HöPfl R. Tolerability and efficacy of N-chlorotaurine in comparison with chloramine T for the treatment of chronic leg ulcers with a purulent coating: A randomized phase II study. British Journal of Dermatology. 2003 Sep 1;149(3):590–7.
• 40. Gottardi W, Nagl M. N-chlorotaurine, a natural antiseptic with outstanding tolerability [Internet]. Vol. 65, Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2010 [cited 2020 Dec 10]. p. 399–409. Available from: https://academic.oup.com/jac/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jac/dkp466
• 41. Marcinkiewicz J, Wojas-Pelc A, Walczewska M, Lipko-Godlewska S, Jachowicz R, Maciejewska A, et al. Topical taurine bromamine, a new candidate in the treatment of moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris - A pilot study. European Journal of Dermatology [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2020 Dec 10];18(4):433–9. Available from: https://www.jle.com/fr/revues/ejd/e-docs/topical_taurine_bromamine_a_new_candidate_in_the_treatment_of_moderate_inflammatory_acne_vulgaris_a_pilot_study_278093/article.phtml
• 42. Joo K, Lee Y, Choi D, Han J, Hong S, Kim YM, et al. An anti-inflammatory mechanism of taurine conjugated 5-aminosalicylic acid against experimental colitis: Taurine chloramine potentiates inhibitory effect of 5-aminosalicylic acid on IL-1β-mediated NFκB activation. European Journal of Pharmacology [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2020 Dec 10];618(1–3):91–7. Available from: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0014299909006013
• 43. Shimizu M, Zhao Z, Ishimoto Y, Satsu H. Dietary taurine attenuates dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced experimental colitis in mice. In: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology [Internet]. Springer, New York, NY; 2009 [cited 2020 Dec 11]. p. 265–71. Available from: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-0-387-75681-3_27