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The effect of a new coping intervention on stress and burnout in Turkish oncology nurses

Year 2013, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 121 - 130, 30.01.2014

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on coping with stress training on oncology nurses regarding their stress symptoms, ways of coping with stress and burnout situations.

Method: This study used a quasi-experimental research design with pre-post intervention assessments and was carried out between the years 2008-2009. Its population consisted of 71 nurses who were working in three oncology units which were located in Istanbul, provided clinical services, and employed at least 10 nurses. The sample was determined as about 30 people based on potency value of 80% at 95% confidence level. It wasn’t determined via randomization to avoid any delay in the clinic work flow. It was conducted on 30 nurses who were working at these units, were willing to participate and had an appropriate working schedule at the time of the training. A new training program combined with a few coping methods was conducted. Data were collected by Information Form, Stress Self-Assessment Checklist, Ways of Coping Inventory and Maslach Burnout Inventory which was filled before the training started, immediately and one month after the training ended. Data were evaluated in percentages and frequencies, Frieadman test, Bonferroni correction and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. 

Results: The statistical analysis revealed significant results among the three measurements for the stress symptoms total score (Fr-?2=17.88; p=0.000), the cognitive affective (Fr-?2=15.10; p=0.001), physiologic signs (Fr-?2=8.35; p= 0.015) and the emotional exhaustion (Fr-?2= 9.04; p=0.011). 

Conclusion: Results revealed that the program had a significant positive impact on oncology nurses’ stress and burnout.


Key words: Oncology nurse, stress, burnout, coping training

References

  • Nakao M. Work-related stress and psychosomatic medicine. Bio Psycho Social Medicine. 2010; 4(4): 2-8.
  • Lazarus RS. Coping theory and research: past, present and future. Psychosomatic Medicine. 1993; 55: 234-247.
  • DiPalma LM. Patterns of coping and characteristics of highfunctioning incest survivors. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 1994; 8: 82-90.
  • Worthington EL, Scherer M. Forgiveness as an emotion focused coping strategy that can reduce health risks and promote health resilience: Theory, review and hypotheses. Psychology and Health. 2004; 19: 385-405.
  • Işıkhan V, Comez T, Danıs MZ. Job stress and coping strategies in health care working with cancer patients. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2004; 8(3): 234-2
  • Özkan S. Psycho-oncology.İstanbul/Turkey: Novartis Oncology Inc. 200p.176-185. Rodrigues AB, Chaves EC. Stressing factors and coping strategies by oncology nurses. Rev Latino-am Enferm. 2008; 16(1): 24-28.
  • Onan NG, Buzlu S. Diffuculties encountered by the nurses in the care of terminally ill cancer patients and their coping methods. Nursing Forum. 2007; 1-2: 104-109.
  • Sasahara T, Miyashita M, Kawa M, Kazuma K. Difficulties encountered by nurses in the care of terminally ill cancer patients in general hospitals in Japan. Palliative Medicine, 2003; 17: 520-526.
  • Sheldon LK. Communication in oncology care: the effectiveness of skills training workshops for healthcare providers. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2005; 9(3): 305-312.
  • Papadopoulos I, Lees S. Cancer and communication: similarities and differences of men with cancer from six different ethnic groups. Eur J Cancer Care. 2004; 13:154-162.
  • Lambert VA, Lambert CE, Ito M. Workplace stressors, ways of coping and demographic characteristics as predictors of physical and mental health of Japanese hospital nurses. Int J Nurs Stud. 2004; 41: 85–97.
  • Cohen JS, Erickson JM. Ethical dilemmas and moral distress in oncology nursing practice. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2006; 10(6): 775-780.
  • Radziewicz RM. Self-care for the caregiver. Nursing Clinic of North America. 2001; 36(4): 855-869.
  • Fitch MI, Bakker D, Conlon M. Important issues in clinical practice. Can Oncol Nurs J. 1999; 9(4): 151-164.
  • Medlan J, Ruben JH, Whitaker E. Fostering psychosocial wellness in oncology nurses: adressing burnout and social support in workplace. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2004; 31(1): 47-54.
  • Young-Sook L, Young Sook T. The Lived Experience of the burnout of nurses working in oncology wards. Asian Oncol Nurs. 2012; 12(1): 100Bernard D, Street A, Love A. Relationship between stressors, work supports, and burnout among cancer nursing. Cancer Nursing. 2006; 29(4): 338-345.
  • Payne N. Occupational stressors and coping as determinanats of burnout in female hospice nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2001; 33(3): 396-405.
  • Dorz S, Novara C, Sıca C, Sanavio E. Predicting burnout among HIV/ AIDS and oncology health care workers. Psychology and Health. 2003; 18(5): 677-684.
  • Quattrin R, Zanini A, Nascig E, Annunziata MA, Calligaris L, Brusaferro S. Level of burnout among nurses working in oncology in an Italian Region Oncol Nurs Forum. 2006; 33(4): 815-820.
  • Rowe MM. Skills training in the long-term management of stress and occupational burnout. Current Psychology: Developmental, Learning, Personality, Social. 2000; 19: 215-228.
  • Anderson DG. Coping strategies and burnout among veteran child protection workers. Child Abuse and Neglect. 2000; 24: 839-848.
  • Ben-Zur H, Michael K. Burnout, social support, and coping at work among social workers, psychologists, and nurses: The role of challenge/ control appraisals. Social Work in Health Care. 2007; 45: 63Carmona1 C, Buunk AP, Peiró JM, Rodríguez I., Bravo MJ. Do social comparison and coping styles play a role in the development of burnout? Cross-sectional and longitudinal findings. J Occup Organ Psychol. 2006; 79(1): 85-99.
  • Wiese L, Rothmann S, Storm K. Coping, stress and burnout in the South African police service in KwaZulu-Natal. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology. 2003; 29: 71-80.
  • Arranz P, Ulla SM, Ramos JL, Rincón C, López-Fando T. Evaluation of a counseling training program for nursing staff. Patient Education and Counseling 2005; 56: 233-239.
  • Delvaux N, Razavi D, Marchal S, Brédart A, Farvacques, C, Slachmuylder JL. Effects of a 105 hours psychological training program on attitudes, communication skills and occupational stress in oncology: a randomised study. Br J Cancer. 2004; 90: 106-114.
  • Mackereth PA, White K, Cawthornd A, Lynch B. Improving stressful working lives: complementary therapies, counselling and clinical supervision for staff. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2005; 9: 147-154.
  • Ünal S, Öz F. Communication skills training programme to ımprove oncology nurses’ relationships with patients: an observational study. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences- Nursing. 2008; 15(2): 52-67.
  • Wilkinson SM, Leliopoulou C, Gambles M, Roberts A. Can intensive three-day programmes improve nurses’communication skills in cancer care. Psycho-Oncology. 2003; 12(8): 747-760.
  • Turner J, Clavarino A, Butow P, Yates P, Hargraves M, Connors V, Hausmann S. Enhancing the capacity of oncology nurses to provide supportive care for parents with advanced cancer: Evaluation of an educational intervention. Eur J Cancer. 2009; 45:1798-1806.
  • Girgis A, Hansen V, Golstein D. Are Australian oncology health professionals burning out? Aview from the trenches. Eur J Cancer. 2009, 45: 393-399.
  • Turner J, Kelly B, Girgis A. Supporting oncology health professionals: a review. Psycho-Oncologie. 2011; 5(2): 77-82.
  • Luquette J. Stress, compassion fatigue, and burnout: effective selfcare techniques for oncology nurses. (Oncology Nursing Society 32nd Annual Congress Podium and Poster Abstracts) Oncol Nurs Forum. 2007; 34(2): 490.
  • Hovardaoğlu S. A prediction of stress symptoms, and trait and state anxiety. Journal of Crisis. 1997; 5(2): 127-134.
  • Şahin NH, Durak A. Ways of coping inventory: Adapted for college students. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 1995; 10(34): 56-73.
  • Ergin C. Maslach tükenmişlik ölçeğinin Türkiye sağlık personeli normları. Turkish Health personnel norms for maslach burnout inventory. 3P Dergisi. 1996; 4(1): 28-33.
  • Çam O. Investigation of reliability and validity of the burnout scale, VII. Scientific Studies in the National Congress of Psychology. Ankara/ Turkey: Publications of Turkish Psychological Association. 1992.
  • Escot-Dr C, Artero S, Gandubert C, Boulenger JP, Ritchie K. Stress levels in nursing staff working in oncology. Stress and Health. 2001; 17(5): 273–279.
  • Van der Klink JJ, Blonk RW, Schene AH, Van Dijk FJ. The benefits of interventions for work-related stress. American Journal of Public Health. 2001; 91(2), 270-276.
  • Bruneau BM, Ellison GT. Palliative care stress in a UK community hospital: evaluation of a stress-reduction programme. Int Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2004; 10(6): 296-304.
  • Kaçmaz N. Burnout syndrome. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. 2005; 68(1): 29-32.

Türk onkoloji hemşirelerinde yeni bir başa çıkma girişiminin stres ve tükenmişlik üzerine etkisi

Year 2013, Volume: 3 Issue: 3, 121 - 130, 30.01.2014

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı stresle başa çıkma eğitiminin onkoloji birimlerinde çalışan hemşirelerin stres belirtileri, başa çıkma tarzları ve tükenmişlik durumlarına etkisini değerlendirmektir.

Yöntem: Öntest-sontest modelli yarı deneysel olan bu araştırma 2008-2009 yılları arasında gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmanın evrenini üç farklı onkoloji biriminde çalışan toplam 71 hemşire oluşturdu. Bu birimlerin seçilme nedenleri İstanbul’da yer alması, klinik hizmet vermesi, grup eğitimine katılımın olabilmesi için en az 10 hemşirenin çalışıyor olmasıdır. Araştırmanın örneklemi %95 güven düzeyi ve %80 güçlülük değeri temel alınarak yaklaşık 30 kişi olarak belirlendi ve çalışma bu birimlerde çalışan 30 hemşire ile gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmaya katılacak hemşireler için randomizasyon yapılamadı, örneklemi belirlemede klinik iş akışını aksatmama, eğitime katılımın gönüllülüğü ve sürekliliği esas alındı. Öncelikle bir kaç stresle başa çıkma yönteminin birleştirildiği yeni bir eğitim programı hazırlandı ve uygulandı. Veriler eğitim öncesi, sonrası ve bir ay sonrasında Bilgi Formu, Stres Belirtileri Ölçeği, Stresle Başetme Tarzları Ölçeği ve Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde yüzdelik ve frekans, Frieadman testi, Bonferroni düzeltmesi ve Wilcoxon sıralı işaretler testi kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Uygulanan stresle başa çıkma eğitim programı öncesi, sonrası ve bir ay sonrası yapılan değerlendirmelerde başa çıkma tarzlarında anlamlı bir sonuç bulunamamışken; stres belirtileri toplam puan (Fr-?2 17.88; p=0.000), bilişsel duyuşsal (Fr-?2 15.10; p=0.001), fizyolojik belirtiler (Fr-?2 8.35; p=0.015) alt boyutlarında, emosyonel tükenme alt boyutunda (Fr-?2 9.04; p=0.011) istatistiksel olarak anlamlı sonuçlar bulunmuştur. 

Sonuç: Başetme eğitim programı onkoloji hemşirelerinin stres ve tükenmişlik durumları üzerinde anlamlı pozitif bir etki sağlamıştır.


Anahtar Kelimeler : Onkoloji hemşiresi, stres, tükenmişlik, başa çıkma eğitimi

References

  • Nakao M. Work-related stress and psychosomatic medicine. Bio Psycho Social Medicine. 2010; 4(4): 2-8.
  • Lazarus RS. Coping theory and research: past, present and future. Psychosomatic Medicine. 1993; 55: 234-247.
  • DiPalma LM. Patterns of coping and characteristics of highfunctioning incest survivors. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 1994; 8: 82-90.
  • Worthington EL, Scherer M. Forgiveness as an emotion focused coping strategy that can reduce health risks and promote health resilience: Theory, review and hypotheses. Psychology and Health. 2004; 19: 385-405.
  • Işıkhan V, Comez T, Danıs MZ. Job stress and coping strategies in health care working with cancer patients. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2004; 8(3): 234-2
  • Özkan S. Psycho-oncology.İstanbul/Turkey: Novartis Oncology Inc. 200p.176-185. Rodrigues AB, Chaves EC. Stressing factors and coping strategies by oncology nurses. Rev Latino-am Enferm. 2008; 16(1): 24-28.
  • Onan NG, Buzlu S. Diffuculties encountered by the nurses in the care of terminally ill cancer patients and their coping methods. Nursing Forum. 2007; 1-2: 104-109.
  • Sasahara T, Miyashita M, Kawa M, Kazuma K. Difficulties encountered by nurses in the care of terminally ill cancer patients in general hospitals in Japan. Palliative Medicine, 2003; 17: 520-526.
  • Sheldon LK. Communication in oncology care: the effectiveness of skills training workshops for healthcare providers. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2005; 9(3): 305-312.
  • Papadopoulos I, Lees S. Cancer and communication: similarities and differences of men with cancer from six different ethnic groups. Eur J Cancer Care. 2004; 13:154-162.
  • Lambert VA, Lambert CE, Ito M. Workplace stressors, ways of coping and demographic characteristics as predictors of physical and mental health of Japanese hospital nurses. Int J Nurs Stud. 2004; 41: 85–97.
  • Cohen JS, Erickson JM. Ethical dilemmas and moral distress in oncology nursing practice. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2006; 10(6): 775-780.
  • Radziewicz RM. Self-care for the caregiver. Nursing Clinic of North America. 2001; 36(4): 855-869.
  • Fitch MI, Bakker D, Conlon M. Important issues in clinical practice. Can Oncol Nurs J. 1999; 9(4): 151-164.
  • Medlan J, Ruben JH, Whitaker E. Fostering psychosocial wellness in oncology nurses: adressing burnout and social support in workplace. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2004; 31(1): 47-54.
  • Young-Sook L, Young Sook T. The Lived Experience of the burnout of nurses working in oncology wards. Asian Oncol Nurs. 2012; 12(1): 100Bernard D, Street A, Love A. Relationship between stressors, work supports, and burnout among cancer nursing. Cancer Nursing. 2006; 29(4): 338-345.
  • Payne N. Occupational stressors and coping as determinanats of burnout in female hospice nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing. 2001; 33(3): 396-405.
  • Dorz S, Novara C, Sıca C, Sanavio E. Predicting burnout among HIV/ AIDS and oncology health care workers. Psychology and Health. 2003; 18(5): 677-684.
  • Quattrin R, Zanini A, Nascig E, Annunziata MA, Calligaris L, Brusaferro S. Level of burnout among nurses working in oncology in an Italian Region Oncol Nurs Forum. 2006; 33(4): 815-820.
  • Rowe MM. Skills training in the long-term management of stress and occupational burnout. Current Psychology: Developmental, Learning, Personality, Social. 2000; 19: 215-228.
  • Anderson DG. Coping strategies and burnout among veteran child protection workers. Child Abuse and Neglect. 2000; 24: 839-848.
  • Ben-Zur H, Michael K. Burnout, social support, and coping at work among social workers, psychologists, and nurses: The role of challenge/ control appraisals. Social Work in Health Care. 2007; 45: 63Carmona1 C, Buunk AP, Peiró JM, Rodríguez I., Bravo MJ. Do social comparison and coping styles play a role in the development of burnout? Cross-sectional and longitudinal findings. J Occup Organ Psychol. 2006; 79(1): 85-99.
  • Wiese L, Rothmann S, Storm K. Coping, stress and burnout in the South African police service in KwaZulu-Natal. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology. 2003; 29: 71-80.
  • Arranz P, Ulla SM, Ramos JL, Rincón C, López-Fando T. Evaluation of a counseling training program for nursing staff. Patient Education and Counseling 2005; 56: 233-239.
  • Delvaux N, Razavi D, Marchal S, Brédart A, Farvacques, C, Slachmuylder JL. Effects of a 105 hours psychological training program on attitudes, communication skills and occupational stress in oncology: a randomised study. Br J Cancer. 2004; 90: 106-114.
  • Mackereth PA, White K, Cawthornd A, Lynch B. Improving stressful working lives: complementary therapies, counselling and clinical supervision for staff. Eur J Oncol Nurs. 2005; 9: 147-154.
  • Ünal S, Öz F. Communication skills training programme to ımprove oncology nurses’ relationships with patients: an observational study. Journal of Hacettepe University Faculty of Health Sciences- Nursing. 2008; 15(2): 52-67.
  • Wilkinson SM, Leliopoulou C, Gambles M, Roberts A. Can intensive three-day programmes improve nurses’communication skills in cancer care. Psycho-Oncology. 2003; 12(8): 747-760.
  • Turner J, Clavarino A, Butow P, Yates P, Hargraves M, Connors V, Hausmann S. Enhancing the capacity of oncology nurses to provide supportive care for parents with advanced cancer: Evaluation of an educational intervention. Eur J Cancer. 2009; 45:1798-1806.
  • Girgis A, Hansen V, Golstein D. Are Australian oncology health professionals burning out? Aview from the trenches. Eur J Cancer. 2009, 45: 393-399.
  • Turner J, Kelly B, Girgis A. Supporting oncology health professionals: a review. Psycho-Oncologie. 2011; 5(2): 77-82.
  • Luquette J. Stress, compassion fatigue, and burnout: effective selfcare techniques for oncology nurses. (Oncology Nursing Society 32nd Annual Congress Podium and Poster Abstracts) Oncol Nurs Forum. 2007; 34(2): 490.
  • Hovardaoğlu S. A prediction of stress symptoms, and trait and state anxiety. Journal of Crisis. 1997; 5(2): 127-134.
  • Şahin NH, Durak A. Ways of coping inventory: Adapted for college students. Turkish Journal of Psychology. 1995; 10(34): 56-73.
  • Ergin C. Maslach tükenmişlik ölçeğinin Türkiye sağlık personeli normları. Turkish Health personnel norms for maslach burnout inventory. 3P Dergisi. 1996; 4(1): 28-33.
  • Çam O. Investigation of reliability and validity of the burnout scale, VII. Scientific Studies in the National Congress of Psychology. Ankara/ Turkey: Publications of Turkish Psychological Association. 1992.
  • Escot-Dr C, Artero S, Gandubert C, Boulenger JP, Ritchie K. Stress levels in nursing staff working in oncology. Stress and Health. 2001; 17(5): 273–279.
  • Van der Klink JJ, Blonk RW, Schene AH, Van Dijk FJ. The benefits of interventions for work-related stress. American Journal of Public Health. 2001; 91(2), 270-276.
  • Bruneau BM, Ellison GT. Palliative care stress in a UK community hospital: evaluation of a stress-reduction programme. Int Journal of Palliative Nursing. 2004; 10(6): 296-304.
  • Kaçmaz N. Burnout syndrome. Journal of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine. 2005; 68(1): 29-32.
There are 40 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Nevin Onan

Özlem Işıl This is me

Gül Ünsal Barlas This is me

Publication Date January 30, 2014
Submission Date January 30, 2014
Published in Issue Year 2013 Volume: 3 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Onan, N., Işıl, Ö., & Ünsal Barlas, G. (2014). Türk onkoloji hemşirelerinde yeni bir başa çıkma girişiminin stres ve tükenmişlik üzerine etkisi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 3(3), 121-130. https://doi.org/10.5455/musbed.20130814120535
AMA Onan N, Işıl Ö, Ünsal Barlas G. Türk onkoloji hemşirelerinde yeni bir başa çıkma girişiminin stres ve tükenmişlik üzerine etkisi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. February 2014;3(3):121-130. doi:10.5455/musbed.20130814120535
Chicago Onan, Nevin, Özlem Işıl, and Gül Ünsal Barlas. “Türk Onkoloji hemşirelerinde Yeni Bir başa çıkma girişiminin Stres Ve tükenmişlik üzerine Etkisi”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 3, no. 3 (February 2014): 121-30. https://doi.org/10.5455/musbed.20130814120535.
EndNote Onan N, Işıl Ö, Ünsal Barlas G (February 1, 2014) Türk onkoloji hemşirelerinde yeni bir başa çıkma girişiminin stres ve tükenmişlik üzerine etkisi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 3 3 121–130.
IEEE N. Onan, Ö. Işıl, and G. Ünsal Barlas, “Türk onkoloji hemşirelerinde yeni bir başa çıkma girişiminin stres ve tükenmişlik üzerine etkisi”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 121–130, 2014, doi: 10.5455/musbed.20130814120535.
ISNAD Onan, Nevin et al. “Türk Onkoloji hemşirelerinde Yeni Bir başa çıkma girişiminin Stres Ve tükenmişlik üzerine Etkisi”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 3/3 (February 2014), 121-130. https://doi.org/10.5455/musbed.20130814120535.
JAMA Onan N, Işıl Ö, Ünsal Barlas G. Türk onkoloji hemşirelerinde yeni bir başa çıkma girişiminin stres ve tükenmişlik üzerine etkisi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2014;3:121–130.
MLA Onan, Nevin et al. “Türk Onkoloji hemşirelerinde Yeni Bir başa çıkma girişiminin Stres Ve tükenmişlik üzerine Etkisi”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 3, no. 3, 2014, pp. 121-30, doi:10.5455/musbed.20130814120535.
Vancouver Onan N, Işıl Ö, Ünsal Barlas G. Türk onkoloji hemşirelerinde yeni bir başa çıkma girişiminin stres ve tükenmişlik üzerine etkisi. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2014;3(3):121-30.

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