Evaluation of Women Having Pap Smear Test by Health Belief Model Scale

Year 2014, Volume: 4 Issue: 3, 133 - 138, 15.12.2014

Meltem Demirgöz Bal

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the women’s beliefs about having Pap Smear test.

Method: This study was planned as a descriptive cross-sectional research. This study was conducted between the dates of October 2013 and December 2013 at a Public Education Center in Karaman city. The survey has been carried out by 485 women who accepted to participate in the survey. The data were collected with a “Data collection form” developed by the researcher and with the Health Belief Model Scale for Pap Smear Test.

Results: About thirty percent of the women reported to have a Pap test. There was a relation between the education level, working status and having a Pap test (p<0.05). It was found that while the average points of subgroups (seriousness, usefulness/motivation, health motivation) of Health Belief Model Scale were higher, the average values of barrier points were lower (p<0.05). 92% of participants said that they had no risk on cervical cancer and 77.5% said no complain to have a Pap Smear test. The major frequent barriers were embarrassment (48.4%) and desire for female doctor (64.4%).

Conclusion: The rate of making Pap Smear test has been still in a very low level. There are middle level barriers. This survey is important to plan to do the things to reduce the barriers about Pap Smear test.

Keywords

Pap Smear test, cervical cancer, Health Belief Model

Kadınların Pap Smear Testi Yaptırma Durumlarının Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği ile Değerlendirilmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, kadınların Pap Smear testi yaptırmaya ilişkin inançlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Bu çalışma tanımlayıcı bir araştırma olarak, Ekim ve Aralık 2013 tarihleri arasında, Karaman Halk Eğitim Merkezinde, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 485 kadın ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler “Veri Toplama Formu” ve “Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplanmıştır.

Bulgular: Kadınların %30.3’ünün Pap Smear testi yaptırdığı saptanmıştır. Pap Smear testi yaptırma ile eğitim düzeyi ve çalışma durumu arasında anlamlı ilişki bulunmuştur (p<0.05). Pap Smear testi yaptıran kadınlarda Sağlık İnanç Modeli Ölçeği alt gruplarından ciddiyet, yarar/motivasyon, sağlık motivasyon puan ortalamaları yüksek iken, engel puan ortalamalarının düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Katılımcıların %92’si servikal kansere yakalanma risklerinin olmadığını, %77.5’i ise Pap Smear testi yaptırmasını gerektirecek herhangi bir şikayetinin olmadığını belirtmiştir. Testin yapılmasına ilişkin en önemli engel ise utanma (%48.4) ve kadın hekim isteği (%64.4) olarak saptanmıştır. 

Sonuç: Bu çalışmada katılımcıların Pap Smear testi yaptırma deneyimlerinin sınırlı olduğu ve orta düzeyde engellerinin bulunduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma bulgularının, kadınların Pap Smear testi yaptırmaya ilişkin engellerinin giderilmesine yönelik girişimlerin planlanması açısından değerli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Pap Smear test, servikal kanser, Sağlık İnanç Modeli

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