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Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 261 - 264, 30.09.2019

Haci Hasan Abuoglu Emre Gunay Sevil Ozkan Hakan Uzunoglu Riza Adaleti Cebrail Akyuz Bulent Kaya

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.564081

Abstract

References

  • 1.Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diab Res Clin Pract. 2010;87(1):4-14.
  • 2. İşçimen A, Arzuhal N. Cutaneus findings of diabetes mellitus. Dermatose. 2004;3:18-25.
  • 3. Yosipovitch G, Hodak E, Vardi P, Shraga I, Karp M, Sprecher E, David M. The prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in IDDM patients and their association with diabetes risk factors and microvascular complications. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(6):506-509.
  • 4. Aşçı Z, Seyrek A, Kizirgil A, Yılmaz M. Tinea unguium investigated in patients with diabetes. Turk J Infect. 1996;10:365-367.
  • 5. Jaffe R. Onychomycozis: recognition, diagnosis, and management. Arch Fam Med. 1998;7:587-592.
  • 6. Kiraz M, Yeğenoğlu Y, Erturan Z. The epidemiology of onychomycoses in Istanbul, Turkey. Mycoses. 1999;42(4):323-329.
  • 7. Ilkit M. Onychomycosis in Adana, Turkey: a 5-year study. Int J Dermatol. 2005;44:851-854.
  • 8. Segal R, Kimchi A, Kritzman A, Inbar R, Segal Z. The frequency of Candida parapsilosis in onychomycosis. An epidemiological survey in Israel. Mycoses. 2000;43(9-10):349-353.
  • 9. Tabatabaei-Malazy O, Mohajeri-Tehrani MR, Pajouhi M, Shojaei Fard A, Amini MR, Larijani B. Iranian diabetic foot research network. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2010;23:450-454.
  • 10. Marston W. A.; Dermagraft Diabetic Foot Ulcer Study Group. Risk factors associated with healing chronic diabetic foot ulcers: the importance of hyperglycemia. Ostomy. Wound. Manage. 2006;52(3):26-29.
  • 11. Reiber GE, Vileikyte L, Boyko E. J, del Aguila M, Smith DG, Lavery LA, Boulton AJ. Causal pathways for incident lower extremity ulcers in patients with diabetes from two settings. Diabetes Care. 1999;22(1): 157-162.
  • 12. Gupta AK, Konnikov N, MacDonald P, Rich P, Rodger NW, Edmonds MW, McManus R, Summerbell RC. Prevalence and epidemiology of toenail onychomycosis in diabetic subjects: a multicentre survey. Br J Dermatol. 1998;139(4):665-671.
  • 13. Gupta AK, Humke S. The prevalence and management of onychomycosis in diabetic patients. Eur J Dermatol. 2000;10(5):379-384.
  • 14. Mayser P, Hensel J, Thoma W, Podobinska M, Geiger M, Ulbricht H, Haak T. Prevalence of fungal foot infections in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1-underestimation of moccasin-type tinea. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2004;112(5):264-268.
  • 15. Rich P. Special patient populations: onychomycosis in the diabetic patient. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996;35(3):10-12.
  • 16. Boulton A, Vinik A, Arezzo J, Bril V, Feldman EL, Freeman R, Malik RA, Maser RE, Sosenko JM, Ziegler D; American Diabetes Association. Diabetic Neuropathies: a statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(4):956-962.
  • 17. Chand G, Mishra AK, Kumar S, A. Agarwal A. Diabetic foot. Clin. Queries: Nephrol. 2012;1(2):144–150.
  • 18. Williams R, Van Gaal L, Lucioni C. Assessing the impact of complications on the costs of type II diabetes. Diabetologia. 2002;45(7):13-17.
  • 19. Faergemann J, Baran R: Epidemiology, clinical presentation and diagnosis of onychomycosis. Br J Dermatol. 2003;49 Suppl 65:1-4.
  • 20. Rich P, Hare A. Onychomycosis in a special patient population: focus on the diabetic. Int J Dermatol. 1999;38 Suppl:17-19.
  • 21. Daniel CR, Elewski BE. The diagnosis of nail fungus infection revisited. Arch Dermatol. 2000;136:1162-1164.
  • 22. Grover C, Reddy BSN, Chaturvedi KU. Onychomycosis and the diagnostic significance of nail biopsy. J Dermatol. 2003;30(2):116-122.
  • 23. Machler BC, KirsnerR RS, Elgart GW. Routine histologic examination for the diagnosis of onychomycosis: an evaluation of sensitivity and specificity. Cutis. 1998;61:217-219.
  • 24. Fletcher CL, Hay JR, Smeeton NC. Onychomycosis: the development of a clinical diagnostic aid for toenail disease: Part I. Establishing discriminating historical and clinical features. Br J Dermatol. 2004;150:701-705. 25. Elewski BE. Diagnostic techniques for confirming onychomycosis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996;35(3):6-9.
  • 26. Somolinos AL, Sànchez JL. Prevalence of dermatophytosis in patients with diabetes. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992;26(3):408-410.
  • 27. Dogra S, Kumar B, Bhansali A, Chakrabarty A. Epidemiology of onychomycosis in patients with diabetes mellitus in India. Int J Dermatol. 2002;41(10):647-651.
  • 28. Rothman LB, Cabib E. Regulation of glycogen synthesis in the intact yeasts cell. Biochemistry. 1979;8(8):3332-3341.
  • 29. Sert M, İlkit M, Tetiker T, Küçükcan A, Köse N. Diabetes mellitus and foot dermatomycosis. Is it really related? Turk J Infect. 2001;15:341-343.
  • 30. Pièrard GE, Franchimont CP. The nail under fungal siege in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Mycoses. 2005;48(5):339-342.
  • 31. Saunte DML, Holgersen JB, Haedersdal M, Strauss G, Bitsch M, Svendsen OL, Arendrup MC, Svejgaard EL. Prevalence of toe nail onychomycosis in diabetic patients. Acta Derm Venereol. 2006;86(5):425-428.
  • 32. Dogra S, Kumar B, Bhansali A, Chakrabarty A. Epidemiology of onychomycosis in patients with diabetes mellitus in India. Int J Dermatol. 2002;41(10):647-651.
  • 33. Levy LA. Epidemiology of onychomycosis in special risk populations. J Am Podiatr. Med Assoc. 1997;87(12):546-550.
  • 34. Lavery LA, Armstrong DG, Wunderlich RP, Mohler MJ, Wendel CS, Lipsky BA. Risk factors for foot infections in individuals with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006;29(6):1288-1293.
  • 35. Moghissi ES, Korytkowski MT, DiNardo M, Einhorn D, Hellman R, Hirsch IB, Inzucchi SE, Ismail-Beigi F, Kirkman MS, Umpierrez GE. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American Diabetes Association consensus statement on in patient glycemic control. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(6):1119-1131.
  • 36. Greene RA, Scher RK. Nail changes associated with diabetes mellitus. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1987;16(5):1015-1021.
  • 37. Winston J, Miller J. Treatment of onychomycosis in diabetic patients. Clinical. Diabetes. 2006;24(4):160-166.

Association Between Onychomycosis and Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 3, 261 - 264, 30.09.2019

Haci Hasan Abuoglu Emre Gunay Sevil Ozkan Hakan Uzunoglu Riza Adaleti Cebrail Akyuz Bulent Kaya

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.564081

Abstract



Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with many serious health complications such as diabetic foot ulcer (DFU). Onychomycosis increases the risk for foot disorders and limb amputation in DM patients, and if untreated, can result in tissue degradation and DFU. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the association between the incidences of onychomycosis and DFU.

Methods: This study included 40 DM patients with DFU (study group) and 40 DM patients without FU (control group). Samples were obtained from the most affected part of the nail. The deep-nail plaque of the right toe was preferred in patients with normal toenail appearance. In addition, mycological examinations were conducted. Values of p<0.01 were considered as significant.

Results: No significant difference was observed between the two groups with respect to age, sex, and hemoglobin A1c levels (p<0.01). However, the incidence of onychomycosis and use of insulin were significantly higher in the study group than in the control group (p<0.01 and p<0.001, respectively).

Conclusion: Onychomycosis might be associated with development of FU in patients with DM. By treating onychomycosis early, foot amputation can be prevented



Keywords

Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Foot Risk Factors Onychomycosis

References

  • 1.Shaw JE, Sicree RA, Zimmet PZ. Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030. Diab Res Clin Pract. 2010;87(1):4-14.
  • 2. İşçimen A, Arzuhal N. Cutaneus findings of diabetes mellitus. Dermatose. 2004;3:18-25.
  • 3. Yosipovitch G, Hodak E, Vardi P, Shraga I, Karp M, Sprecher E, David M. The prevalence of cutaneous manifestations in IDDM patients and their association with diabetes risk factors and microvascular complications. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(6):506-509.
  • 4. Aşçı Z, Seyrek A, Kizirgil A, Yılmaz M. Tinea unguium investigated in patients with diabetes. Turk J Infect. 1996;10:365-367.
  • 5. Jaffe R. Onychomycozis: recognition, diagnosis, and management. Arch Fam Med. 1998;7:587-592.
  • 6. Kiraz M, Yeğenoğlu Y, Erturan Z. The epidemiology of onychomycoses in Istanbul, Turkey. Mycoses. 1999;42(4):323-329.
  • 7. Ilkit M. Onychomycosis in Adana, Turkey: a 5-year study. Int J Dermatol. 2005;44:851-854.
  • 8. Segal R, Kimchi A, Kritzman A, Inbar R, Segal Z. The frequency of Candida parapsilosis in onychomycosis. An epidemiological survey in Israel. Mycoses. 2000;43(9-10):349-353.
  • 9. Tabatabaei-Malazy O, Mohajeri-Tehrani MR, Pajouhi M, Shojaei Fard A, Amini MR, Larijani B. Iranian diabetic foot research network. Adv Skin Wound Care. 2010;23:450-454.
  • 10. Marston W. A.; Dermagraft Diabetic Foot Ulcer Study Group. Risk factors associated with healing chronic diabetic foot ulcers: the importance of hyperglycemia. Ostomy. Wound. Manage. 2006;52(3):26-29.
  • 11. Reiber GE, Vileikyte L, Boyko E. J, del Aguila M, Smith DG, Lavery LA, Boulton AJ. Causal pathways for incident lower extremity ulcers in patients with diabetes from two settings. Diabetes Care. 1999;22(1): 157-162.
  • 12. Gupta AK, Konnikov N, MacDonald P, Rich P, Rodger NW, Edmonds MW, McManus R, Summerbell RC. Prevalence and epidemiology of toenail onychomycosis in diabetic subjects: a multicentre survey. Br J Dermatol. 1998;139(4):665-671.
  • 13. Gupta AK, Humke S. The prevalence and management of onychomycosis in diabetic patients. Eur J Dermatol. 2000;10(5):379-384.
  • 14. Mayser P, Hensel J, Thoma W, Podobinska M, Geiger M, Ulbricht H, Haak T. Prevalence of fungal foot infections in patients with diabetes mellitus type 1-underestimation of moccasin-type tinea. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 2004;112(5):264-268.
  • 15. Rich P. Special patient populations: onychomycosis in the diabetic patient. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996;35(3):10-12.
  • 16. Boulton A, Vinik A, Arezzo J, Bril V, Feldman EL, Freeman R, Malik RA, Maser RE, Sosenko JM, Ziegler D; American Diabetes Association. Diabetic Neuropathies: a statement by the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2005;28(4):956-962.
  • 17. Chand G, Mishra AK, Kumar S, A. Agarwal A. Diabetic foot. Clin. Queries: Nephrol. 2012;1(2):144–150.
  • 18. Williams R, Van Gaal L, Lucioni C. Assessing the impact of complications on the costs of type II diabetes. Diabetologia. 2002;45(7):13-17.
  • 19. Faergemann J, Baran R: Epidemiology, clinical presentation and diagnosis of onychomycosis. Br J Dermatol. 2003;49 Suppl 65:1-4.
  • 20. Rich P, Hare A. Onychomycosis in a special patient population: focus on the diabetic. Int J Dermatol. 1999;38 Suppl:17-19.
  • 21. Daniel CR, Elewski BE. The diagnosis of nail fungus infection revisited. Arch Dermatol. 2000;136:1162-1164.
  • 22. Grover C, Reddy BSN, Chaturvedi KU. Onychomycosis and the diagnostic significance of nail biopsy. J Dermatol. 2003;30(2):116-122.
  • 23. Machler BC, KirsnerR RS, Elgart GW. Routine histologic examination for the diagnosis of onychomycosis: an evaluation of sensitivity and specificity. Cutis. 1998;61:217-219.
  • 24. Fletcher CL, Hay JR, Smeeton NC. Onychomycosis: the development of a clinical diagnostic aid for toenail disease: Part I. Establishing discriminating historical and clinical features. Br J Dermatol. 2004;150:701-705. 25. Elewski BE. Diagnostic techniques for confirming onychomycosis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1996;35(3):6-9.
  • 26. Somolinos AL, Sànchez JL. Prevalence of dermatophytosis in patients with diabetes. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1992;26(3):408-410.
  • 27. Dogra S, Kumar B, Bhansali A, Chakrabarty A. Epidemiology of onychomycosis in patients with diabetes mellitus in India. Int J Dermatol. 2002;41(10):647-651.
  • 28. Rothman LB, Cabib E. Regulation of glycogen synthesis in the intact yeasts cell. Biochemistry. 1979;8(8):3332-3341.
  • 29. Sert M, İlkit M, Tetiker T, Küçükcan A, Köse N. Diabetes mellitus and foot dermatomycosis. Is it really related? Turk J Infect. 2001;15:341-343.
  • 30. Pièrard GE, Franchimont CP. The nail under fungal siege in patients with type II diabetes mellitus. Mycoses. 2005;48(5):339-342.
  • 31. Saunte DML, Holgersen JB, Haedersdal M, Strauss G, Bitsch M, Svendsen OL, Arendrup MC, Svejgaard EL. Prevalence of toe nail onychomycosis in diabetic patients. Acta Derm Venereol. 2006;86(5):425-428.
  • 32. Dogra S, Kumar B, Bhansali A, Chakrabarty A. Epidemiology of onychomycosis in patients with diabetes mellitus in India. Int J Dermatol. 2002;41(10):647-651.
  • 33. Levy LA. Epidemiology of onychomycosis in special risk populations. J Am Podiatr. Med Assoc. 1997;87(12):546-550.
  • 34. Lavery LA, Armstrong DG, Wunderlich RP, Mohler MJ, Wendel CS, Lipsky BA. Risk factors for foot infections in individuals with diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006;29(6):1288-1293.
  • 35. Moghissi ES, Korytkowski MT, DiNardo M, Einhorn D, Hellman R, Hirsch IB, Inzucchi SE, Ismail-Beigi F, Kirkman MS, Umpierrez GE. American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and American Diabetes Association consensus statement on in patient glycemic control. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(6):1119-1131.
  • 36. Greene RA, Scher RK. Nail changes associated with diabetes mellitus. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1987;16(5):1015-1021.
  • 37. Winston J, Miller J. Treatment of onychomycosis in diabetic patients. Clinical. Diabetes. 2006;24(4):160-166.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Haci Hasan Abuoglu This is me 0000-0002-2285-0685

Emre Gunay This is me 0000-0003-3445-4935

Sevil Ozkan This is me 0000-0002-2374-0859

Hakan Uzunoglu This is me 0000-0001-8406-9352

Riza Adaleti This is me 0000-0001-9576-6794

Cebrail Akyuz This is me 0000-0003-0917-9345

Bulent Kaya This is me 0000-0002-6050-9584

Publication Date September 30, 2019
Submission Date June 20, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 9 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Abuoglu, H. H., Gunay, E., Ozkan, S., Uzunoglu, H., et al. (2019). Association Between Onychomycosis and Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 9(3), 261-264. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.564081
AMA Abuoglu HH, Gunay E, Ozkan S, Uzunoglu H, Adaleti R, Akyuz C, Kaya B. Association Between Onychomycosis and Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. September 2019;9(3):261-264. doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.564081
Chicago Abuoglu, Haci Hasan, Emre Gunay, Sevil Ozkan, Hakan Uzunoglu, Riza Adaleti, Cebrail Akyuz, and Bulent Kaya. “Association Between Onychomycosis and Foot Ulcers in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 9, no. 3 (September 2019): 261-64. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.564081.
EndNote Abuoglu HH, Gunay E, Ozkan S, Uzunoglu H, Adaleti R, Akyuz C, Kaya B (September 1, 2019) Association Between Onychomycosis and Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 9 3 261–264.
IEEE H. H. Abuoglu, E. Gunay, S. Ozkan, H. Uzunoglu, R. Adaleti, C. Akyuz, and B. Kaya, “Association Between Onychomycosis and Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 261–264, 2019, doi: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.564081.
ISNAD Abuoglu, Haci Hasan et al. “Association Between Onychomycosis and Foot Ulcers in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 9/3 (September 2019), 261-264. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.564081.
JAMA Abuoglu HH, Gunay E, Ozkan S, Uzunoglu H, Adaleti R, Akyuz C, Kaya B. Association Between Onychomycosis and Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2019;9:261–264.
MLA Abuoglu, Haci Hasan et al. “Association Between Onychomycosis and Foot Ulcers in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 9, no. 3, 2019, pp. 261-4, doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.564081.
Vancouver Abuoglu HH, Gunay E, Ozkan S, Uzunoglu H, Adaleti R, Akyuz C, Kaya B. Association Between Onychomycosis and Foot Ulcers in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2019;9(3):261-4.
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