Breast Cancer in Men: Risk Factors, Treatment Options, Quality of Life: Systematic Review

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 257 - 267, 30.03.2022

Dilek Aygin , Özge Yaman

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.910209

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Objective: The aim was to systematically examine the risk factors that have a role in the development and prognosis regarding the breast cancer among men and patients’ survival rate, and the studies performed to determine the treatment methods and patients’ quality of life.
Methods: The databases of PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, OVID-LWW, Medline Complete, Science Direct, Taylor&Francis, ULAKBIM, Ethos, OpenThesis, Open Dissertation, ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global, and National Center of Theses were used to screen the literature.
Case-control and cohort studies published between 2000 and 2020 were included. Following the screening activity, 14 studies were included in the systematic review.
Results: This study involved seven cohort and seven case-control studies. Most of the patients were followed with invasive carcinoma diagnosis.
These studies aimed to examine the genetic mutations and impacts of environmental, anthropometric and hormonal factors in regard to the risk factors. The factors such as the molecular classification of cancer, presence of genetic mutation, cancer stage and treatment methods
affected the prognosis and survival rate. Mastectomy was used as the first treatment option, and this process had adverse impacts on patients’ quality of life physically, mentally and emotionally.
Conclusion: This study indicated that many risk factors played a role in the development and prognosis of breast cancer among men and their survival rate, that mastectomy was the primary treatment option, and that patients’ quality of life was adversely affected during/following the disease.

Keywords

male breast cancer, risk factors, treatment, quality of life

References

• 1. Andrykowski MA. Physical and mental health status and health behaviors in male breast cancer survivors: A national, population-based, case-control study. Psychooncology 2012;21(9):927–34.
• 2. Keinan-Boker L, Levine H, Leiba A, Derazne E, Kark JD. Adolescent obesity and adult male breast cancer in a cohort of 1,382,093 men. Int J Cancer 2018;142(5):910–8.
• 3. Key Statistics for Breast Cancer in Men. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer-in-men/about/key-statistics.html. American Cancer Society.Accessed 28 April 2020
• 4. Andre S, Pereira T, Silva F, Machado P, Vaz F, Aparıcio M, et al. Male breast cancer: Specific biological characteristics and survival in a Portuguese cohort. Mol Clin Oncol 2019;(10):644–54.
• 5. Turashvili G, Gonzalez-Loperena M, Brogi E, Dickler M, Norton L, Morrow M, et al. The 21-Gene Recurrence Score in Male Breast Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2018;25(6):1530–5.
• 6. Guenel P, Cyr D, Sabroe S, Lynge E, Merletti F, Ahrens W, et al. Alcohol Drinking May Increase Risk of Breast Cancer in Men: A European Population-Based Case–Control Study. Cancer Causes Control 2004;15(6):571–80.
• 7. Palli D, Falchetti M, Masala G, Lupi R, Sera F, Saieva C, et al. Association between the BRCA2 N372H variant and male breast cancer risk: A population-based case-control study in Tuscany, Central Italy. BMC Cancer 2007;7:1–7.
• 8. Ottini L, Rizzolo P, Zanna I, Silvestri V, Saieva C, Falchetti M, et al. Association of SULT1A1 Arg213His polymorphism with male breast cancer risk: results from a multicenter study in Italy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2014;148(3):623–8.
• 9. Breast Cancer in Men: Risk Factors. https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/breast-cancer-men/risk-factors. Accessed 28 April 2020
• 10. Breast Cancer in Men: Types of Treatment. https://www.cancer.net/cancer-types/breast-cancer-men/types-treatment. Accessed 28 April 2020
• 11. Male Breast Cancer. https://www.breastcancer.org/symptoms/types/male_bc?gclid=EAIaIQobChMIzZi30amL6QIVycmyCh3NfgxNEAAYAiAAEgKKSfD_BwE. Accessed 28 April 2020
• 12. Son BH, Ahn SH, Kim SW, Kang E, Park SK, Lee MH, et al. Prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in non-familial breast cancer patients with high risks in Korea: The Korean Hereditary Breast Cancer (KOHBRA) Study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012;133(3):1143–52.
• 13. Rugo HS, Brufsky AM, Yood MU, Tripathy D, Kaufman PA, Mayer M, et al. Racial disparities in treatment patterns and clinical outcomes in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2013;141(3):461–70. 14. Zhou FF, Xia LP, Guo GF, Wang X, Yuan ZY, Zhang B, et al. Changes in therapeutic strategies in Chinese male patients with breast cancer: 40 years of experience in a single institute. Breast 2010;19(6):450–5.
• 15. Zongo N, Ouédraogo S, Korsaga-Somé N, Somé OR, GO N, Ouangré E, et al. Male breast cancer: Diagnosis stages, treatment and survival in a country with limited resources (Burkina Faso). World J Surg Oncol 2018;16(1):1.
• 16. Silvestri V, Rizzolo P, Zelli V, Valentini V, Zanna I, Bianchi S, et al. A possible role of FANCM mutations in male breast cancer susceptibility: Results from a multicenter study in Italy. Breast 2018;38:92–7.
• 17. Orr N, Cooke R, Jones M, Fletcher O, Dudbridge F, Chilcott-Burns S, et al. Genetic variants at chromosomes 2q35, 5p12, 6q25.1, 10q26.13, and 16q12.1 influence the risk of breast cancer in men. PLoS Genet 2011;7(9):6–10.
• 18. Villeneuve S, Cyr D, Lynge E, Orsi L, Sabroe S, Merletti F, et al. Occupation and occupational exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals in male breast cancer: A case-control study in Europe. Occup Environ Med 2010;67(12):837–44.
• 19. Brinton LA, Cook MB, McCormack V, Johnson KC, Olsson H, Casagrande JT, et al. Anthropometric and hormonal risk factors for male breast cancer: Male breast cancer pooling project results. J Natl Cancer Inst 2014;106(3).
• 20. Brinton LA, Richesson DA, Gierach GL, Lacey J V., Park Y, Hollenbeck AR, et al. Prospective evaluation of risk factors for male breast cancer. J Natl Cancer Inst 2008;100(20):1477–81.
• 21. Ewertz M, Holmberg L, Tretli D, Pederson B V, Kristensen A. Risk Factors for Male Breast Cancer? A Case-Control Study from Scandinavia. Acta Oncol (Madr) 2001;40(4):467–71.
• 22. Ravi A, Bang H, Karsif K, Nori D. Breast cancer in men: Prognostic factors, treatment patterns, and outcome. Am J Mens Health 2012;6(1):51–8.
• 23. Yadav S, Karam D, Bin Riaz I, Xie H, Durani U, Duma N, et al. Male breast cancer in the United States: Treatment patterns and prognostic factors in the 21st century. Cancer 2020;126(1):26–36.
• 24. Rushton M, Kwong A, Visram H, Graham N, Petrcich W, Dent S. Treatment outcomes for male breast cancer: A single-centre retrospective case-control study. Curr Oncol 2014;21(3):400–7.
• 25. Wan BA, Ganesh V, Zhang L, Sousa P, Drost L, Lorentz J, et al. Treatment Outcomes in Male Breast Cancer: A Retrospective Analysis of 161 Patients. Clin Oncol 2018;30(6):354–65.
• 26. Ruddy KJ, Giobbie-Hurder A, Giordano SH, Goldfarb S, Kereakoglow S, Winer EP, et al. Quality of life and symptoms in male breast cancer survivors. Breast 2013;22(2):197–9.
• 27. Kowalski C, Steffen P, Ernstmann N, Wuerstlein R, Harbeck N, Pfaff H. Health-related quality of life in male breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2012;133(2):753–7.