Year 2022,
                                                                                        Volume: 12 Issue: 4,                                                                                                                 867 - 874,                                     30.12.2022                                
                                
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                
                                                        Nuray Göker
                                                                                                            
                                                
                                                                                                    ,
                                                
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                        Zümrüt Bilgin
                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                            
                                                
                                                
                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                                    
                                
                                
                                                                    
                                
                                                                
                                                                
                                                                
                                                                    
                                
                                                                
                                                                    
                                        References
                                        
                                            
                                                                                                    - 
                                                        [1] Ospina AM, Muñoz L, Ruiz CH. Coping and adaptation process 
during puerperium. Colomb Méd. 2012; 43(2):167-174.
- 
                                                        [2] El-Sayed YY. Diagnosis and management of arrest disorders: 
duration to wait. Semin Perinatol. 201236(5):374-378. 
DOI:10.1053/j.semperi.2012.04.022
- 
                                                        [3] Taşkın L. Obstetrics and Women’s Health Nursing. 16. Baskı. 
Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi; 2020.
- 
                                                        [4] Çapık A, Özkan H, Apay SE. Determination of affecting 
factors and postnatal comfort levels of postpartum women. 
DEUHYOED. 2014;7(3): 186-192.
- 
                                                        [5] Henderson J, Alderdice F, Redshaw M. Factors associated with 
maternal postpartum fatigue: an observationalstudy. BMJ 
Open 2019;9:e025927. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025927
- 
                                                        [6] Aksu S, Varol FG, Hotun Şahin N. Long-term postpartum health 
problems in Turkish women: prevalence and associations 
with self-rated health. Contemp Nurse 2017 53(2):167-
181. DOI:10.1080/10376.178.2016.1258315
- 
                                                        [7] Alp N, Mete S. Postpartum yorgunluk düzeyi ile uyku ve 
beslenmenin yorgunluğa etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik 
Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2008;11(4):10-18.(Turkish)
- 
                                                        [8] Aktaş N, Karaçam Z. Postpartum fatigue, self-care power of 
women and related factors. Tepecik Eğit Hast Derg. 2017; 
27(3):186-196. DOI:10.5222/terh.2017.186
- 
                                                        [9] Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power 
analyses using G* Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and 
regression analyses. Behav Res Methods 2009;41(4):1149-
1160. DOI:10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
- 
                                                        [10] Aslan FE. Ağnya ilişkin kavramlar. Aslan FE, editör. Ağrı Doğası 
ve Kontrolü.İstanbul: Avrupa Tıp Kitapçılık Ltd.Şti. Bilim 
Yayınları; 2006. p. 47-50. (Turkish)
- 
                                                        [11] Yaray O, Akesen B, Ocakoğlu G, Aydınlı U. Validation of 
the turkish version of thevisual analog scale spine score 
in patients with spinal fractures. Acta Orthop Traumatol 
Turc. 2011;45(5):353-8. DOI:10.3944/AOTT.2011.2528
- 
                                                        [12] Yurtsever S, Bedük T. Hemodiyaliz hastalarında yorgunluğun 
değerlendirilmesi. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi 
2003;5(2):3-12. (Turkish)
- 
                                                        [13] Karakaplan S, Eryılmaz Yıldız H. Doğum sonu konfor ölçeği 
geliştirme çalışması. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve 
Sanatı Dergisi 2010; 3 (1):56-65. (Turkish)
- 
                                                        [14] Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü (HUNEE-2019) 2018 Türkiye nüfus ve sağlık araştırması. Yayınlanma [Kasım 2019]. Erişim [06 Mart 2020]. http://www.sck.gov.tr/wp content/ uploads /2020/08/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf
- 
                                                        [15] Çoban A, Yanıkkerem UE. Gebelerde uyku kalitesi ve yorgunluk 
düzeyi. Ege Journal of Medicine. 2010; 49(2):87-94. (Turkish)
- 
                                                        [16] Saygılı S, Akıncı AÇ, Arıkan H, Dereli E. Üniversite öğrencilerinde 
uyku kalitesi ve yorgunluk. Electronic Journal of Vocational 
Colleges 2011;1(1): 88-94.
- 
                                                        [17] Singata M, Tranmer J, Gyte GM. Restricting oral fluid and 
food intake during labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 
2013(8):CD003930. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003930.pub3
- 
                                                        [18] Singata M, Tranmer J, Gyte GM. Restricting oral fluid and 
food intake during labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 
2010;20(1):CD003930. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003930.
pub2
- 
                                                        [19] Ergöl Ş, Eroğlu K, Taşkin L. The effect of oral fluid food support 
during labor on labor duration and perception of labor pains. 
HEALTHMED. 2012; 6 (6): 2093-2099.
- 
                                                        [20] Kubli M, Scrutton MJ, Seed PT, O’Sullivan G. An evaluation of 
isotonic “sport drinks” during labor. Anesthesia and Analgesia 
2002;94(2):404-8. DOI:10.1097/00000.539.200202000-00033
- 
                                                        [21] O’Sullivan G, Liu B, Hart D, Seed P, Shennan A. Effect of food 
intake during labour on obstetric outcome: randomised 
controlled trial. BMJ. 2009;338:b784. DOI:10.1136/bmj.b784
- 
                                                        [22] Parsons M, Bidewell J, Griffiths R. A comparative study of the 
effect of food consumption on labour and birth outcomes in 
Australia. Midwifery 2007; 23 (2):131-138. DOI:10.1016/j.
midw.2006.03.007
- 
                                                        [23] Başgöl Ş, Kızılkaya Beji N. Doğum eyleminin ikinci ve üçüncü 
evresinde sık yapılan uygulamalar ve kanıta dayalı yaklaşım. 
DÜ Sağ Bil Enst Derg. 2015;5(3):66-71.
- 
                                                        [24] Dawood F, Dowswell T, Quenby S. Intravenous fluids for 
reducing the duration of labour in low risk nulliparous 
women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;18(6): CD007715. 
DOI:10.1002/14651858. CD007715.pub2
- 
                                                        [25] Hoffman MK, Vahratian A, Sciscione AC, Troendle JF, Zhang 
J. Comparison of labor progression between ınduced 
and noninduced multiparous women. Obstet Gynecol. 
2006;107(5):1029-34.
- 
                                                        [26] Kaplan E, Çevik S. Investigation of frequent interventions in the 
labour with the evidence based practice: Systematic review. 
I. International and II. National Women’s Health Nursing 
Congress; 2019 March 23-24; İstanbul, Turkey. 2019. p. 94.
- 
                                                        [27] Akgün Ö, Duran Aksoy Ö. Determination of mothers’ 
postpartum comfort levels and affecting factors. J Contemp 
Med. 2020;10(3):385-393. DOI:10.16899/jcm.695648
- 
                                                        [28] Yilmaz T, Dinc Kaya H, Yildiz Karaahmet A. The effect of 
episiotomy on the postpartum comfort level:a case-control 
study. Int J Caring Sci. 2021; 14(3):1882-89.
- 
                                                        [29] Lemos A, Amorim MMR, Dornelas de Andrade A, de Souza AI, 
Cabral Filho JE, Correia JB. Pushing/bearing down methods for 
the second stage of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017; 
263(3):CD009124. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD009124.pub3
- 
                                                        [30] Pınar G, Doğan N, Algıer L, Kaya N, Çakmak F. Factors that 
affecting mothers’ postnatal comfort. Dicle Tıp Derg. 2009;36 
(3):184-190.
- 
                                                        [31] Işık G, Cetişli NE, Başkaya VA. Doğum şekline göre annelerin postpartum ağrı, yorgunluk düzeyleri ve emzirme öz yeterlilikleri. DEUHFED. 2018; 11(3): 224-232. (Turkish)
- 
                                                        [32] Wilson L, Kolcaba K. Practical application of comfort theory in 
the perianesthesia setting. J Perianesth Nurs. 2004;19(3):164-
73. DOI:10.1016/j.jopan.2004.03.006
- 
                                                        [33] Taylor J, Johnson M. The role of anxiety and other factors in 
predicting postnatal fatigue: from birth to 6 months. Midwifery 
2013;29(5):526-534. DOI:10.1016/j.midw.2012.04.011
- 
                                                        [34] Troy NW. Is the significance of postpartum fatigue being 
overlooked in the lives of women?. MCN Am J Matern Child 
Nurs. 2003;28:252-257. DOI:10.1097/00005.721.200307000-
00009
- 
                                                        [35] Çoban A, Yanıkkerem UE. Gebelerde uyku kalitesi ve yorgunluk 
düzeyi. Ege Journal of Medicine 2010; 49(2):87-94 49 (2):87-
94.
- 
                                                        [36] Fata S, Atan ŞÜ. The relationship between fatigue and 
breastfeeding self-efficacy. Niger J Clin Pract. 2018; 
21(11):1408-1414. DOI:10.4103/njcp.njcp_366_17
- 
                                                        [37] Zhang J et al. Contemporary patterns of spontaneous labor 
with normal neonatal outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 2010; 116 
(6):1281-1287. DOI:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181fdef6e
- 
                                                        [38] Kumud Rana AK, Chopra S. 2013. Effect of upright positions 
on the duration of first stage of labour among nulliparous 
mothers. Nurs Midwifery Res J. 2013;9 (1):10-20. 
DOI:org/10.1177/0974150X20130102
- 
                                                        [39] Dixon L, Foureur M. The vaginal examination during labour: 
Is it of benefit or harm?. New Zealand College of Midwives 
Journal 2010; 42:21-26.
- 
                                                        [40] Coşkun B, Ünal O. Türk kadınının doğum travayı eğrisi 
(partogram) ve Friedman partogramı ile karşılaştırılması. Aile 
Hekimliği Dergisi 1997; 11:16-20. (Turkish
 
                                     
                                                             
                                                                                
                                
                                    
                                    
                                                                                The Effect of Duration of Active Labor Phase on Postpartum  Fatigue and Comfort
                                    
                                 
                                
                                    
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Year 2022,
                                                                                        Volume: 12 Issue: 4,                                                                                                                 867 - 874,                                     30.12.2022                                
                                
                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                                
                                                        Nuray Göker
                                                                                                            
                                                
                                                                                                    ,
                                                
                                                                                                                                
                                                                                                                                                
                                                        Zümrüt Bilgin
                                                                                                                    
                                                                                                            
                                                
                                                
                                                                                                                                                                                            
                                                                    
                                
                                
                                                                    
                                        Abstract
                                        Objective: This study aims to examine the effect of the duration of the active labor phase on postpartum fatigue and comfort.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in a maternity hospital in Istanbul, Turkey date 2018. Nulliparous pregnant women without any  risk (n: 120) participated in the study. Data were collected using the “Information Form”, the “Visual Analogue Scale”, the “Postpartum Comfort  Scale” and the “Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue”, and statistically analyzed.
Results: The mean age of the women was 23.66±4.24 years. 22.5% felt very tired in the postpartum period. Their mean duration of active  labor phase was 5.00±1.88 hours. Their Postpartum Comfort Scale and Visual Analogue Scale for Fatigue mean scores were 131.30±13.39 and  96.67±47.82, respectively.
Conclusion: Duration of active labor phase did not affect postpartum fatigue and comfort of women
                                     
                                
                                                                                                    
                                
                                                                
                                                                                                    
                                        Supporting Institution
                                        Yok
                                     
                                
                                                                    
                                
                                                                                                    
                                
                                                                    
                                        References
                                        
                                            
                                                                                                    - 
                                                        [1] Ospina AM, Muñoz L, Ruiz CH. Coping and adaptation process 
during puerperium. Colomb Méd. 2012; 43(2):167-174.
- 
                                                        [2] El-Sayed YY. Diagnosis and management of arrest disorders: 
duration to wait. Semin Perinatol. 201236(5):374-378. 
DOI:10.1053/j.semperi.2012.04.022
- 
                                                        [3] Taşkın L. Obstetrics and Women’s Health Nursing. 16. Baskı. 
Ankara: Akademisyen Kitabevi; 2020.
- 
                                                        [4] Çapık A, Özkan H, Apay SE. Determination of affecting 
factors and postnatal comfort levels of postpartum women. 
DEUHYOED. 2014;7(3): 186-192.
- 
                                                        [5] Henderson J, Alderdice F, Redshaw M. Factors associated with 
maternal postpartum fatigue: an observationalstudy. BMJ 
Open 2019;9:e025927. DOI:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025927
- 
                                                        [6] Aksu S, Varol FG, Hotun Şahin N. Long-term postpartum health 
problems in Turkish women: prevalence and associations 
with self-rated health. Contemp Nurse 2017 53(2):167-
181. DOI:10.1080/10376.178.2016.1258315
- 
                                                        [7] Alp N, Mete S. Postpartum yorgunluk düzeyi ile uyku ve 
beslenmenin yorgunluğa etkisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Hemşirelik 
Yüksekokulu Dergisi. 2008;11(4):10-18.(Turkish)
- 
                                                        [8] Aktaş N, Karaçam Z. Postpartum fatigue, self-care power of 
women and related factors. Tepecik Eğit Hast Derg. 2017; 
27(3):186-196. DOI:10.5222/terh.2017.186
- 
                                                        [9] Faul F, Erdfelder E, Buchner A, Lang AG. Statistical power 
analyses using G* Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and 
regression analyses. Behav Res Methods 2009;41(4):1149-
1160. DOI:10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149
- 
                                                        [10] Aslan FE. Ağnya ilişkin kavramlar. Aslan FE, editör. Ağrı Doğası 
ve Kontrolü.İstanbul: Avrupa Tıp Kitapçılık Ltd.Şti. Bilim 
Yayınları; 2006. p. 47-50. (Turkish)
- 
                                                        [11] Yaray O, Akesen B, Ocakoğlu G, Aydınlı U. Validation of 
the turkish version of thevisual analog scale spine score 
in patients with spinal fractures. Acta Orthop Traumatol 
Turc. 2011;45(5):353-8. DOI:10.3944/AOTT.2011.2528
- 
                                                        [12] Yurtsever S, Bedük T. Hemodiyaliz hastalarında yorgunluğun 
değerlendirilmesi. Hemşirelikte Araştırma Geliştirme Dergisi 
2003;5(2):3-12. (Turkish)
- 
                                                        [13] Karakaplan S, Eryılmaz Yıldız H. Doğum sonu konfor ölçeği 
geliştirme çalışması. Maltepe Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Bilim ve 
Sanatı Dergisi 2010; 3 (1):56-65. (Turkish)
- 
                                                        [14] Hacettepe Üniversitesi Nüfus Etütleri Enstitüsü (HUNEE-2019) 2018 Türkiye nüfus ve sağlık araştırması. Yayınlanma [Kasım 2019]. Erişim [06 Mart 2020]. http://www.sck.gov.tr/wp content/ uploads /2020/08/TNSA2018_ana_Rapor.pdf
- 
                                                        [15] Çoban A, Yanıkkerem UE. Gebelerde uyku kalitesi ve yorgunluk 
düzeyi. Ege Journal of Medicine. 2010; 49(2):87-94. (Turkish)
- 
                                                        [16] Saygılı S, Akıncı AÇ, Arıkan H, Dereli E. Üniversite öğrencilerinde 
uyku kalitesi ve yorgunluk. Electronic Journal of Vocational 
Colleges 2011;1(1): 88-94.
- 
                                                        [17] Singata M, Tranmer J, Gyte GM. Restricting oral fluid and 
food intake during labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 
2013(8):CD003930. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003930.pub3
- 
                                                        [18] Singata M, Tranmer J, Gyte GM. Restricting oral fluid and 
food intake during labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 
2010;20(1):CD003930. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD003930.
pub2
- 
                                                        [19] Ergöl Ş, Eroğlu K, Taşkin L. The effect of oral fluid food support 
during labor on labor duration and perception of labor pains. 
HEALTHMED. 2012; 6 (6): 2093-2099.
- 
                                                        [20] Kubli M, Scrutton MJ, Seed PT, O’Sullivan G. An evaluation of 
isotonic “sport drinks” during labor. Anesthesia and Analgesia 
2002;94(2):404-8. DOI:10.1097/00000.539.200202000-00033
- 
                                                        [21] O’Sullivan G, Liu B, Hart D, Seed P, Shennan A. Effect of food 
intake during labour on obstetric outcome: randomised 
controlled trial. BMJ. 2009;338:b784. DOI:10.1136/bmj.b784
- 
                                                        [22] Parsons M, Bidewell J, Griffiths R. A comparative study of the 
effect of food consumption on labour and birth outcomes in 
Australia. Midwifery 2007; 23 (2):131-138. DOI:10.1016/j.
midw.2006.03.007
- 
                                                        [23] Başgöl Ş, Kızılkaya Beji N. Doğum eyleminin ikinci ve üçüncü 
evresinde sık yapılan uygulamalar ve kanıta dayalı yaklaşım. 
DÜ Sağ Bil Enst Derg. 2015;5(3):66-71.
- 
                                                        [24] Dawood F, Dowswell T, Quenby S. Intravenous fluids for 
reducing the duration of labour in low risk nulliparous 
women. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013;18(6): CD007715. 
DOI:10.1002/14651858. CD007715.pub2
- 
                                                        [25] Hoffman MK, Vahratian A, Sciscione AC, Troendle JF, Zhang 
J. Comparison of labor progression between ınduced 
and noninduced multiparous women. Obstet Gynecol. 
2006;107(5):1029-34.
- 
                                                        [26] Kaplan E, Çevik S. Investigation of frequent interventions in the 
labour with the evidence based practice: Systematic review. 
I. International and II. National Women’s Health Nursing 
Congress; 2019 March 23-24; İstanbul, Turkey. 2019. p. 94.
- 
                                                        [27] Akgün Ö, Duran Aksoy Ö. Determination of mothers’ 
postpartum comfort levels and affecting factors. J Contemp 
Med. 2020;10(3):385-393. DOI:10.16899/jcm.695648
- 
                                                        [28] Yilmaz T, Dinc Kaya H, Yildiz Karaahmet A. The effect of 
episiotomy on the postpartum comfort level:a case-control 
study. Int J Caring Sci. 2021; 14(3):1882-89.
- 
                                                        [29] Lemos A, Amorim MMR, Dornelas de Andrade A, de Souza AI, 
Cabral Filho JE, Correia JB. Pushing/bearing down methods for 
the second stage of labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2017; 
263(3):CD009124. DOI:10.1002/14651858.CD009124.pub3
- 
                                                        [30] Pınar G, Doğan N, Algıer L, Kaya N, Çakmak F. Factors that 
affecting mothers’ postnatal comfort. Dicle Tıp Derg. 2009;36 
(3):184-190.
- 
                                                        [31] Işık G, Cetişli NE, Başkaya VA. Doğum şekline göre annelerin postpartum ağrı, yorgunluk düzeyleri ve emzirme öz yeterlilikleri. DEUHFED. 2018; 11(3): 224-232. (Turkish)
- 
                                                        [32] Wilson L, Kolcaba K. Practical application of comfort theory in 
the perianesthesia setting. J Perianesth Nurs. 2004;19(3):164-
73. DOI:10.1016/j.jopan.2004.03.006
- 
                                                        [33] Taylor J, Johnson M. The role of anxiety and other factors in 
predicting postnatal fatigue: from birth to 6 months. Midwifery 
2013;29(5):526-534. DOI:10.1016/j.midw.2012.04.011
- 
                                                        [34] Troy NW. Is the significance of postpartum fatigue being 
overlooked in the lives of women?. MCN Am J Matern Child 
Nurs. 2003;28:252-257. DOI:10.1097/00005.721.200307000-
00009
- 
                                                        [35] Çoban A, Yanıkkerem UE. Gebelerde uyku kalitesi ve yorgunluk 
düzeyi. Ege Journal of Medicine 2010; 49(2):87-94 49 (2):87-
94.
- 
                                                        [36] Fata S, Atan ŞÜ. The relationship between fatigue and 
breastfeeding self-efficacy. Niger J Clin Pract. 2018; 
21(11):1408-1414. DOI:10.4103/njcp.njcp_366_17
- 
                                                        [37] Zhang J et al. Contemporary patterns of spontaneous labor 
with normal neonatal outcomes. Obstet Gynecol. 2010; 116 
(6):1281-1287. DOI:10.1097/AOG.0b013e3181fdef6e
- 
                                                        [38] Kumud Rana AK, Chopra S. 2013. Effect of upright positions 
on the duration of first stage of labour among nulliparous 
mothers. Nurs Midwifery Res J. 2013;9 (1):10-20. 
DOI:org/10.1177/0974150X20130102
- 
                                                        [39] Dixon L, Foureur M. The vaginal examination during labour: 
Is it of benefit or harm?. New Zealand College of Midwives 
Journal 2010; 42:21-26.
- 
                                                        [40] Coşkun B, Ünal O. Türk kadınının doğum travayı eğrisi 
(partogram) ve Friedman partogramı ile karşılaştırılması. Aile 
Hekimliği Dergisi 1997; 11:16-20. (Turkish