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COVID-19-Related Obsessions and Its Predictors: A Community- Based Research in Turkey

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 32 - 40, 28.03.2023

Esra Çınar Tanrıverdi , Büşra Aslan Cevheroğlu , Zülal Özkurt , Mine Şahingöz

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.993404

Abstract

Objective: This study aims to investigate the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Turkish society and identify COVID-19-related obsessions and predictive factors.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed with 859 volunteer participants. Data were collected using an online questionnaire between 01 and 08 June 2020. A sociodemographic information form, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21), Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), and Obsession with COVID-19 Scale (OSC), were used as data collection tools. Data were analysed using SPSS 20 statistical software.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 40.41± 13.69 (18-70), 55.3% were women, and %63.7 were married. Cleaning habits increased during the pandemic in 76% of the participants. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were 36.9%, 42.3%, and 18.2%, respectively. Depression was severe or very severe in 6.3% of the participants, anxiety in 15.4%, and stress in 4.3%. Post-traumatic stress
disorder (PTSD) was determined in 11.3% of the participants, and COVID-19-related obsessions in 17.6%. Obsessions were greater in the variables of eating (r= 0.26, p<0.001), sleep (r= 0.20, p<0.20), cleaning (r= 0.17, p<0.001), television watching habits (r= 0.09, p< 0.05), and family relationships (r= 0.11, p< 0.01) during the pandemic. The most effective predictors among the COVID-19-related obsessions were depression (p<0.001) and anxiety (p<0.001), IES-R scores (p<0.001), and finally age (p< 0.05), gender (p<0.001), and education level (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has had severe psychological effects on society, especially in terms of obsessions. Awareness of these must be established, and measures aimed at improving societal mental health must be adopted.

Keywords

pandemic obsession Impact of Event depression anxiety stress

Supporting Institution

yok

Project Number

yok

Thanks

We would like to thank all the participants.

References

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  • Evren C, Evren B, Dalbudak E, Topçu M, Kutlu N. Measuring anxiety related to COVID-19: A Turkish validation study of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Death Stud. 2022; 46(5):1052-1058. DOI:10.1080/07481.187.2020.1774969
  • Yoldaşcan E, Özenli Y, Kutlu O, Topal K, Bozkurt AI. Prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in Turkish university students and assessment of associated factors. BMC Psychiatry 2009;9(1):1-8. DOI: 10.1186/1471-244X-9-40
  • Tanır Y, Karayağmurlu A, Kaya İ, Kaynar TB, Türkmen G, Dambasan BN, Meral Y, Coşkun M. Exacerbation of obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms in children and adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry Res. 2020;293:113363(1-5). DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113363
  • Davide P, Andrea P, Martina O, Andrea E, Davide D, Mario A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with OCD: Effects of contamination symptoms and remission state before the quarantine in a preliminary naturalistic study. Psychiatry Res. 2020;291:113213(1-5). DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113213
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Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 1, 32 - 40, 28.03.2023

Esra Çınar Tanrıverdi , Büşra Aslan Cevheroğlu , Zülal Özkurt , Mine Şahingöz

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.993404

Abstract

Project Number

yok

References

  • Worldometer. COVID-19 Coronavirus Pandemic. 2021. Available at: https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ Accessed 27 March 2021.
  • Dong L, Bouey J. Public mental health crisis during COVID-19 Pandemic, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26(7):1616-1618. DOI: 10.3201/eid2607.200407
  • Miu A, Cao H, Zhang B, Zhang H. Review of Mental Health Response to COVID-19, China. Emerg Infect Dis. 2020;26(10):2482-2484. DOI: 10.3201/eid2610.201113
  • Brooks SK, Webster RK, Smith LE, Woodland L, Wessely S, Greenberg N, Rubin GJ. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet 2020;395(10227):912-920. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30460-8
  • TC Ministry of Health. COVID-19 Information Platform. 2021. Available at: https://covid19.saglik.gov.tr. Accessed 23 March 2021.
  • López-Solà C, Fontenelle LF, Bui M, Hopper JL, Pantelis C, Yücel M, Menchón JM, Alonso P, Harrison BJ. Aetiological overlap between obsessive–compulsive related and anxiety disorder symptoms: multivariate twin study. Br J Psychiatry 2016;208(1):26-33. DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.114.156281
  • Gao J, Zheng P, Jia Y, Chen H, Mao Y, Chen S, Wang Y, Fu H, Dai J. Mental health problems and social media exposure during COVID-19 outbreak. PLoS One 2020;15(4):e0231924 (1-10). DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0231924
  • Huang Y, Zhao N. Generalized anxiety disorder, depressive symptoms and sleep quality during COVID-19 outbreak in China: A web-based cross-sectional survey. Psychiatry Res. 2020;288:112954 (1-6). DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112954
  • Gica S, Kavakli M, Durduran Y, Ak M. The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on psychosomatic complaints and investigation of the mediating role of intolerance to uncertainty, biological rhythm changes and perceived COVID-19 threat in this relationship: A web-based community survey. Psych Clin Psychopharmacol. 2020;30(2):89-96. DOI: 10.5455PCP202.005.14033022
  • Poyraz BÇ, Poyraz CA, Olgun Y, Gürel Ö, Alkan S, Özdemir YE, Balkan İİ, Karaali R. Psychiatric morbidity and protracted symptoms after COVID-19. Psychiatry Res. 2021;295:113604 (1-9). DOI:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113604
  • Holmes EA, O’Connor RC, Perry VH, Tracey I, Wessely S, Arseneault L, Ballard C, Christensen H, Cohen Silver R, Everall I, Ford T, John A, Kabir T, King K, Madan I, Michie S, Przybylski AK, Shafran R, Sweeney A, Worthman CM, Yardley L, Cowan K, Cope C, Hotopf M, Bullmore E. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: A call for action for mental health science. Lancet Psychiatry 2020;7(6):547-560. DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30168-1
  • Mak IWC, Chu CM, Pan PC, Yiu MGC, Chan VL. Longterm psychiatric morbidities among SARS survivors. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2009;31(4):318-326. DOI: 10.1016/j. genhosppsych.2009.03.001
  • Asken MJ, Grossman D, Christensen LW. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013.
  • Archibald, Herbert C., and Read D. Tuddenham.“Persistent Stress Reac-tion after Combat: A 20-Year Follow-Up.” Arch Gen Psy Therapy 2007;45(10):2317-2325. DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2009.03.001
  • Abramowitz JS, Deacon BJ, Olatunji BO, Wheaton MG, Berman NC, Losardo D, Timpano KR, McGrath PB, Riemann BC, Adams T, Björgvinsson T, Storch EA, Hale LR. Assessment of obsessive-compulsive symptom dimensions: Development and evaluation of the dimensional obsessive-compulsive scale. Psych Assess 2010;22(1):180-198. DOI: 10.1037/a0018260
  • Benatti B, Albert U, Maina G, Fiorillo A, Celebre L, Girone N, Fineberg N, Bramante S, Rigardetto S, Dell’Osso B. What happened to patients with obsessive compulsive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic? A multicentre report from tertiary clinics in northern Italy. Front. Psychiatry 2020;720.DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00720
  • Khosravani V, Aardema F, Ardestani SMS, Bastan FS. The impact of the coronavirus pandemic on specific symptom dimensions and severity in OCD: A comparison before and during COVID-19 in the context of stress responses. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2021;29:100626 (1-6). DOI: 10.1016/j.jocrd.2021.100626
  • Wheaton MG, Messner GR, Marks JB. Intolerance of uncertainty as a factor linking obsessive-compulsive symptoms, health anxiety and concerns about the spread of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) in the United States. J Obsessive Compuls Relat Disord. 2021;28:100605 (1-6). DOI:10.1016/j.jocrd.2020.100605
  • Grant JE, Drummond L, Nicholson TR, Fagan H, Baldwin DS, Fineberg NA, Chamberlain SR. Obsessive-compulsive symptoms and the Covid-19 pandemic: A rapid scoping review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022;132:1086-1098. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.039
  • Lovibond PF, Lovibond SH. The structure of negative emotional states: Comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behav Res Ther. 1995;33(3):335-343. DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.039
  • Sarıçam H. The psychometric properties of Turkish version of Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) in health control and clinical samples. J Cog Behav Psych Res. 2018;7(1):19-30. DOI:10.5455/JCBPR.274847
  • Weiss D, Marmar C. The Impact of Event Scale Revised. W: Wilson J., Keane T.(red.). Assessing psychological trauma and PTSD: A handbook for practitioners. In: Guildford Press, New York; 1997.
  • Çorapçıoğlu A, Yargıç İ, Geyran P, Kocabaşoğlu N. Validity and reliability of Turkish version of “impact of event scalerevised”( IES-R). New Symposium 2006;44:14-22.
  • Lee SA. How much “Thinking” about COVID-19 is clinically dysfunctional? Brain, Behav Immun. 2020;87:97-98. DOI:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.04.067
  • Evren C, Evren B, Dalbudak E, Topçu M, Kutlu N. Measuring anxiety related to COVID-19: A Turkish validation study of the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale. Death Stud. 2022; 46(5):1052-1058. DOI:10.1080/07481.187.2020.1774969
  • Yoldaşcan E, Özenli Y, Kutlu O, Topal K, Bozkurt AI. Prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in Turkish university students and assessment of associated factors. BMC Psychiatry 2009;9(1):1-8. DOI: 10.1186/1471-244X-9-40
  • Tanır Y, Karayağmurlu A, Kaya İ, Kaynar TB, Türkmen G, Dambasan BN, Meral Y, Coşkun M. Exacerbation of obsessive compulsive disorder symptoms in children and adolescents during COVID-19 pandemic. Psychiatry Res. 2020;293:113363(1-5). DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113363
  • Davide P, Andrea P, Martina O, Andrea E, Davide D, Mario A. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients with OCD: Effects of contamination symptoms and remission state before the quarantine in a preliminary naturalistic study. Psychiatry Res. 2020;291:113213(1-5). DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113213
  • Lee S, Tsang A, Huang YQ, He YL, Liu ZR, Zhang MY, Shen YC, Kessler RC. The epidemiology of depression in metropolitan China. Psychol Med. 2009;39(5):735-747. DOI: 10.1017/S003.329.1708004091
  • Yu W, Singh SS, Calhoun S, Zhang H, Zhao X, Yang F. Generalized anxiety disorder in urban China: prevalence, awareness, and disease burden. J Affective Disord. 2018;234:89-96. DOI:/10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.012
  • Shi L, Lu ZA, Que JY, Huang XL, Liu L, Ran MS. Prevalence of and risk factors associated with mental health symptoms among the general population in China during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. JAMA Netw Open. 2020;3(7):e2014053-e2014053. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2020.14053
  • Verma S, Mishra A. Depression, anxiety, and stress and sociodemographic correlates among general Indian public during COVID-19. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2020;66(8):756-762. DOI:10.1177/002.076.4020934508
  • Casagrande M, Favieri F, Tambelli R, Forte G. The enemy who sealed the world: Effects quarantine due to the COVID-19 on sleep quality, anxiety, and psychological distress in the Italian population. Sleep Med. 2020;75:12-20. DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2020.05.011
  • Newby JM, O’Moore K, Tang S, Christensen H, Faasse K. Acute mental health responses during the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia. PloS One. 2020;15(7):e0236562 (1-21). DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0236562
  • Fitzpatrick KM, Harris C, Drawve G. Fear of COVID-19 and the mental health consequences in America. Psychol Trauma2020;12(S1):S17-S21. DOI: 10.1037/tra0000924
  • Wang C, Pan R, Wan X, Tan Y, Xu L, Ho CS, Ho RC. Immediate psychological responses and associated factors during the initial stage of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) epidemic among the general population in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020;17(5):1729 (1-25). DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17051729
  • Van Ameringen M, Patterson B, Turna J, Lethbridge G, Goldman Bergmann C, Lamberti N, Rahat M, Sideris B, Francisco AP, Fineberg N, Pallanti S, Grassi G, Vismara M, Albert U, Gedanke Shavitt R, Hollander E, Feusner J, Rodriguez CI, Morgado P, Dell’Osso B. Obsessive-compulsive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Psychiatr Res. 2022;149:114-123. DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.02.001
  • Yang Y, Li W, Zhang Q, Zhang L, Cheung T, Xiang Y-T. Mental health services for older adults in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. Lancet Psychiatry 2020;7(4):e15-16. DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30078-X
  • Zheng Y, Xiao L, Xie Y, Wang H, Wang G. Prevalence and Characteristics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Among Urban Residents in Wuhan During the Stage of Regular Control of Coronavirus Disease-19 Epidemic. Front Psychiatry 2020;11:1435 (1-7). DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.594167
  • O’Neill ML, Nenzel ME, Caldwell W. Intrusive thoughts and psychopathy in a student and incarcerated sample. J Behav Ther Exp. 2009;40(1):147-157. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbtep.2008.07.004
  • Bellodi L, Sciuto G, Diaferia G, Ronchi P, Smeraldi E. Psychiatric disorders in the families of patients with obsessivecompulsive disorder. Psychiatry Res. 1992;42(2):111-120. DOI:10.1016/0165-1781(92)90075-E
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There are 52 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Esra Çınar Tanrıverdi 0000-0001-8857-3986

Büşra Aslan Cevheroğlu 0000-0001-8730-0441

Zülal Özkurt 0000-0001-5554-8768

Mine Şahingöz 0000-0003-4511-9649

Project Number yok
Publication Date March 28, 2023
Submission Date September 9, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 13 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çınar Tanrıverdi, E., Aslan Cevheroğlu, B., Özkurt, Z., Şahingöz, M. (2023). COVID-19-Related Obsessions and Its Predictors: A Community- Based Research in Turkey. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, 13(1), 32-40. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.993404
AMA Çınar Tanrıverdi E, Aslan Cevheroğlu B, Özkurt Z, Şahingöz M. COVID-19-Related Obsessions and Its Predictors: A Community- Based Research in Turkey. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. March 2023;13(1):32-40. doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.993404
Chicago Çınar Tanrıverdi, Esra, Büşra Aslan Cevheroğlu, Zülal Özkurt, and Mine Şahingöz. “COVID-19-Related Obsessions and Its Predictors: A Community- Based Research in Turkey”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13, no. 1 (March 2023): 32-40. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.993404.
EndNote Çınar Tanrıverdi E, Aslan Cevheroğlu B, Özkurt Z, Şahingöz M (March 1, 2023) COVID-19-Related Obsessions and Its Predictors: A Community- Based Research in Turkey. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13 1 32–40.
IEEE E. Çınar Tanrıverdi, B. Aslan Cevheroğlu, Z. Özkurt, and M. Şahingöz, “COVID-19-Related Obsessions and Its Predictors: A Community- Based Research in Turkey”, Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, pp. 32–40, 2023, doi: 10.33808/clinexphealthsci.993404.
ISNAD Çınar Tanrıverdi, Esra et al. “COVID-19-Related Obsessions and Its Predictors: A Community- Based Research in Turkey”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences 13/1 (March 2023), 32-40. https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.993404.
JAMA Çınar Tanrıverdi E, Aslan Cevheroğlu B, Özkurt Z, Şahingöz M. COVID-19-Related Obsessions and Its Predictors: A Community- Based Research in Turkey. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13:32–40.
MLA Çınar Tanrıverdi, Esra et al. “COVID-19-Related Obsessions and Its Predictors: A Community- Based Research in Turkey”. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences, vol. 13, no. 1, 2023, pp. 32-40, doi:10.33808/clinexphealthsci.993404.
Vancouver Çınar Tanrıverdi E, Aslan Cevheroğlu B, Özkurt Z, Şahingöz M. COVID-19-Related Obsessions and Its Predictors: A Community- Based Research in Turkey. Clinical and Experimental Health Sciences. 2023;13(1):32-40.
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