Relationship Between Staging and Grading of Periodontitis and Periimplantitis: A Retrospective Study

Year 2023, Volume: 13 Issue: 4, 719 - 724, 29.12.2023

Hafize Öztürk Özener

https://doi.org/10.33808/clinexphealthsci.1224054

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to determine the relationship between peri-implantitis and stage/grade of periodontitis.
Methods: Records of 171 periodontitis patients with 318 dental implants were screened. Classification of diagnosed patients with periodontitis were done by both stage (1, 2, 3 and 4) and grade (A, B and C). Peri-implant health status was evaluated as no peri-implantitis or with peri-implantitis. Marginal bone loss severity of implants diagnosed with peri-implantitis, prosthesis type (single, bridge), location of dental implants (maxilla, mandibula, anterior and posterior), smoking (yes/no) and diabetes history (yes/no) of the patients were also evaluated. Analysis was done at implant level.
Results: A total of 203 (63.8%) dental implants were diagnosed with peri-implantitis. There were statistical differences in the stage and grade of periodontitis between implants diagnosed with no peri-implantitis and peri-implantitis (p<0.05). All of the dental implants in stage 4 periodontitis patients were diagnosed with peri-implantitis. Staging (1/2 versus 3/4) and grading (A/B versus C) of periodontitis had significant effects on the marginal bone loss of implants (radiographically ≥25% or <25% of the implant length) diagnosed with peri-implantitis. The marginal bone loss risk increased 3.86 times in stage 3/4 compared to stage 1/2 and 3.16 times in patients with grade C periodontitis compared to grade A/B.
Conclusion: The outcome of this study indicates that peri-implantitis was quite prevalent in dental implant patients with periodontitis, depending on the stage/grade. The severity of peri-implant marginal bone loss of implants was related to higher-level staging and grading of periodontitis.

Keywords

Alveolar bone loss, peri-implantitis, periodontitis

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