Abstract

İnsan, tavşan, köpek ve sıçan gibi farklı türlerin RBC membranında PS, PI, LPC ve SPH fosfolipidlerinin gaz kromatografik yağ asiti analizleri yapılmıştır. Çalışılan fosfoliliplerde doymuş yağ asitleri içinde en fazla C16:0 ve C18:0 göze çarpmaktadır. Bütün türlerde C16:0 LPC ve SPH de, C18:0 ise PS and PI de yüksek düzeyde ve köpekde LPC de yüksek düzeyde bulunmuştur. Türlerde oldukça eşit dağılımış olmasına karşın MUFA PS, PI ve LPC de SPH e göre daha fazladır. Türlerde MUFA içinde de C18:1 , C16:1 den daha fazla olmak kaydıyla C16:1 veC18:1 en göze çarpanlarıdır. Bütün türlerde PUFA, PS ve PI de LPC ve SPH e kıyasla daha fazladır. PUFA içinde arachidonat insan, köpek ve sıçanda en çok bulunan PUFA dır. Tavşan RBC membranı fosfolipidlerinde ise arakidonat diğer türlere göre çok düşük düzeydedir. Tersine linoleik asit tavşan fosfolipidlerinde fazla bulunmuştur. C18:2 , C20:4 ve C22:6 insan RBC membranı fosfolipidlerinde esas PUFA iken çalışılan diğer türlerde C18:2 ve C20:4 dır. 22- Karbon yağ asitleri çoğu türde az miktarlarda bulunmuştur. C22:6; tavşan, sıçan ve insan RBC membranı fosfolipidlerinde bulunmuşken; köpekte oldukça az miktarda bulunmuştur.

GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS OF PS, PI, SPH AND LPC FATTY ACIDS IN RED BLOOD CELL MEMBRANE OF RAT, RABBIT, HUMAN AND DOG

Abstract

Fatty acid analysis of red blood cell RBC membrane PS, PI, LPC and SPH were examined in species like rat, human, dog and rabbit by GC. C16:0 and C18:0 were the prominent SFA saturated fatty acids in species phospholipids studied. C16:0 was higher in LPC and SPH whereas C18:0 was higher in PS and PI in all species and in dog LPC. Although evenly spread in phospholipids, MUFA monounsaturated fatty acid in PS, PI and LPC seamed to be higher than in SPH. Among MUFA C16:1 and C18:1 were the prominent ones in the species, C18:1 being considerably higher than C16:1. PUFAs polyunsaturated fatty acids were relatively high in PS and PI compared to LPC and SPH in each species. Arachidonate was one of the most abundant fatty acids in human, rat and dog. Rabbit possessed very low levels of arachidonate in each phospholipid compared to that of other species phospholipids. By contrast linoleic acid was high in rabbit RBC membrane phospholipids. While C18:2 , C20:4 and C22:6 were the major PUFAs of human RBC membrane phospholipids studied, C18:2 and C20:4 were the major ones in the others. 22-Carbon fatty acids were present in small amounts in most species. C22:6 was present in rabbit, rat and human RBC membrane phospholipids but very little was present in dog.

Keywords

• fatty acids, gas chromatography, analysis, RBC membrane, PS, PI, LPC,SPH, rat, rabbit, human, dog.

References

1. [1] Roelofsen, B., Van Meer, G.,& Op Den Kamp, J.A.F., Scand.J.Clin.Lab.Invest.,156: (1981), 111-117.
2. [2] Mikirova N., Riordan H. D., Jackson J. A., Wong K., Miranda-Massari J. R., Gonzalez M. J., P. R. Health Sci. J., 23(2):(2004),107-113.
3. [3] Van den Boom, M.A.P., Groot wassink M., Roelefsen, B., de Fouw N.J. & Op den Kamp, j.A.F., Lipids, 31:(1996), 285-293.
4. [4] Rao, C.V., Zang, E. & Reddy, B.S., Lipids 28:(1993), 441-447.
5. [5] Folsom, A.R., Ma, J., Eckfeldt, J.H., Shahar, E. & Wu, K.K., Atherosclerosis III, (1994), 199-207.
6. [6] Giron, M.D., Mataix, F.J., & Suarez, M.D.,Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 1002 A (1) (1992), 197-201.
7. [7] Holub, B.J. & Kuksis, A., Adv. Lipid Res., 16:(1978), 1-125.
8. [8] Nakagawa, Y. & Waku, K, Prog. Lipid Res., 28:(1989), 205-243.

9. [9] Mac Donald, J.I.S. & Sprecher, H., Biochim. Biophys. Acta., 1084:(1991), 105- 121.
10. [10] Saikh, S. R. and Edidin M., Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 84(6):(2006),1277- 1289.
11. [11] Kinsella, J.E, JPEN 14(Suppl 2) (1990), 200S-218S.
12. [12] Spector, A.A. and Yorek, M.A., J.Lipid Res.,26: (1985), 1015-1035.
13. [13] Barret, K.E. & Bigby, T.D., News in physiol. Sci., 10; (1995), 153-159.
14. [14] Lewis, R. A. and Austen K.F. , J. Clin. Invest., 73:(1984), 889-897.
15. [15] De Lorgeril, M. and Salen, P., J. Cardiovasc. Med (Hagerstown), 8: (2007), 38- 41.
16. [16] Sijben, J.W. and Calder, P.C., Proc. Nutr. Soc., 66: (2007), 237-259.
17. [17] Tziomalos, K., Athyros, V.G., Mikhailidis, D.P., Curr. Med. Chem., 14;(2007), 2622-2628.
18. [18] Marchioli, R., Levantesi, G., Macchia, A., Maggioni, A.P. et al., J. Membr. Biol.,206; (2005), 117-128.
19. [19] Svensson, M., Schmidt, E.B., Jorgensen, K.A., Christensen, J.H., OPAH study group, Clin. J. Am. Soc.Nephrol., 1: (2006), 780-786.
20. [20] Goodnight, S.H., Harris, E.S., Connor, W.E. & Illingworth D.R.,Atherosclerosis 2:(1982), 87- 113.
21. [21] Grundy, S.M. & Denke, M.A, J.Lipid Res., 31:(1990), 1149-1172.
22. [22] Zöllner, N. & Tato, F,Clin. Invest., 70:(1992), 968-1009.
23. [23] McKenney J. M. And Sica D., Pharmacotherapy, 27(5): (2007), 715-728.
24. [24] Gamez R., Mazr., Arruzazabala M. L., Mendoza S. And Castano G., Drugs, 6(1):(2005),11-19.
25. [25] M. Rabie Al-Turkmani, Steven D. Freedman and Michael Laposata, leukotrienes and essential fatty acids, 77(5–6):(2007), 309–318.
26. [26] Christie, W.W., in High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Lipids, [1] Pergamon Press, Oxford, 133:(1987).
27. [27] Ghosal, J., Biswas, T., Ghosh, A., & Datta,A.G., Biochem. Med.,32: (1984), 1– 14.
28. [28] Nelson, G.J., Schmidt, P.C., Bartolini, G.L., Kelley, D.S. & Kyle, D., Lipids , 32: (1997), 1137-1146.
29. [29] Narasimhamurty, K., & Raina, P.L., Mol. Cell. Biochem., 195: (1999) ,143- 153.
30. [30] Pita, M-L., & Delgado, M-J., Thromb. Haemost., 84: (2000), 420-423.
31. [31] Cleland, L. G., Neumann, M.A., Gibson, R.A., Hamazaki, T., Akimoto, K. & James, M.J., Lipids 31: (1996), 829-837.
32. [32] Tichelaar, H.Y., Smuts, C.M., Gross, R., Jooste, P.L. Faber, M. & Benade, A.J.S. Prostaglandins Leukotrienes and Essential Fatty Acids, 56: (1997), 229-233.
33. [33] Hoffman, D.R., Uauy, R. & Birch, D.G., Exp. Eye Res., 57: (1993), 359-368.
34. [34] Hodge, J., Sanders, K. & Sinclair, A.J., Lipids, 28:(1993), 525-531.[35] Burton, G.W., Ingold, K.U. & Thompson, K.E., Lipids, 16: (1981), 946.
35. [36] Steck, T.L. and Kant, J.A. ‘‘Biomembranes Part A’’ in Methods in Enzymology, vol. 31, eds. S. Fleischer and L. Packer,Academic Press, New York, (1974), 168-173.
36. [37] Santos,M. J., Llopis J., Mataix F. J., Urbano G. And Jurado M. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res., 66(4):(1996), 378–385.
37. [38] Carman, M.A. and J.L. Beare-Rogers, Lipids, 23: (1988), 501–503.
38. [39] Brown, A.J., E. Pang and D.C.K. Roberts, Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 54:(1991), 668- 673.
39. [40] Hsio, L.L., Howard, R.J., Aikawa, M. And Tarachi, T.F., Biochem J., 274:(1991), 121-132.
40. [41] Williams, C.M. and Maunder, K., Brit. J. Nutr., 68:(1992), 183-193.
41. [42] van deen Boom, M.A.P. , M. Groot Wassink, J. Westerman, N.J. de Fouw, B. Roelofsen, J.A.F. op den Kamp and L.L.M. van Deenen, Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1215: (1994), 314-320.