Graston Tekniği ve Sportif Performans

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 96 - 111, 30.09.2025

İnan Atış , Ahmet Atlı

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, graston tekniğinin sportif performans üzerindeki etkilerini mevcut bilimsel veriler doğrultusunda ele almayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu konuda yapılan çalışmalar incelenerek graston tekniğinin sportif performansa olan akut ve uzun dönem etkileri hakkında kapsamlı bir anlayış sunmak hedeflenmiştir.
Yöntem: Bu çalışma, literatürü inceleyerek konuya ışık tutmayı hedefleyen bir derleme makalesidir. Yayımlanmış çalışmalar PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science veri tabanlarında anahtar kelimeler ve konu başlıkları kullanılarak sistematik bir arama yoluyla belirlenmiş ve değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırma sonucunda sporculara uygulanan graston tekniği sonrası akut olarak ROM, kuvvet, denge, çeviklik, top sürme, pas verme gibi yeteneklerinde artış olduğu görülmüştür. Yine graston tekniği sonrası uzun dönem etkilerine bakıldığında ROM, kuvvet, denge ve şut çekme hızı yeteneklerinde artış olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Sonuç: Hem akut hem de uzun dönem çalışma sayısının yeterli olmadığı ve arttırılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Yapılan çalışmalarda değerlendirilen sportif performans bileşenlerinin dışında propriyosepsiyon, reaksiyon hızı ve koordinasyon gibi incelenmeyen özelliklere etkilerinin de araştırılması gerektiği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Graston Tekniği , Sportif Performans , Sporcularda Graston Tekniği

Graston Technique and Athletic Performance

Abstract

Purpose: This study aims to address the effects of the graston technique on sports performance in line with current scientific data. By examining the studies conducted on this subject, it is aimed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the acute and long-term effects of the graston technique on sports performance.
Method: This study is a review article that aims to shed light on this topic by examining the literature. Published studies were identified and evaluated through a systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases using keywords and subject headings.
Results: As a result of the research, it was observed that after the graston technique applied to the athletes, there was an acute increase in their abilities such as ROM, strength, balance, agility, dribbling and passing. When the long-term effects of the graston technique were examined, it was determined that there was an increase in ROM, strength, balance and shooting speed abilities.
Conclusion: It is thought that the number of both acute and long-term studies is not sufficient and should be increased. In addition to the athletic performance components evaluated in the studies, it is thought that the effects on unexamined features such as proprioception, reaction speed and coordination should also be investigated.

Keywords

Graston Technique , Sportive Performance , Graston Technique in Athletes

References

• Baker, R. T., Nasypany, A., Seegmiller, J. G., Baker, J. G. (2013). Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization treatment for tissue extensibility dysfunction. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy. 8(3),129-136.
• Beaupre, M., Tassoul, T., LeMire, P., Elsing, M., Braun, S. I., Stow, R. C. (2016). Effects of the Graston Technique on Overhead Throwing Velocity in Collegiate Baseball Players. Int J Res Ex Phys. 11(1):24-32.
• Bhattacharya, S., Saleem, S.M., Juyal, R., Kaur, R., Singh, A. (2021). “Texting neck” or“iNeck pain”syndrome – An emerging public health threat: In the era of NEW NoRMAL. J Prim Care Spec. 2:1-3.
• Black, D. W. (2010). Treatment of knee arthrofibrosis and quadriceps insufficiency after patellar tendon repair: a case report including use of the graston technique. International journal of therapeutic massage & bodywork. 3(2),14.
• Blanchette, M.A., Normand, M.C. (2011). Augmented soft tissue mobilization vs natural history in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis: a pilot study. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 34(2):123-130.
• Brantingham, J.W., Globe, G.A., Jensen, M.L., et al. (20099. A feasibility study comparing two chiropractic protocols in the treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 32(7):536-548.
• Carey-Loghmani, M. T., Schrader, J. W., & Hammer, W. I. (2010). Graston technique: M1 instruction manual. 6-127.
• Cheatham, S. W., Baker, R. (2019). Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization: A Commentary on Clinical Practice Guidelines for Rehabilitating Tissue Dysfunction. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy. 14(3),453-463.
• Cheatham, S. W., Lee, M., Cain, M., & Baker, R. (2016). The efficacy of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization: a systematic review. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association. 60(3),200.
• Coviello, J. P., Kakar, R. S., & Reynolds, T. J. (2017). Short‐term effects of instrument‐assisted soft tissue mobilization on pain free range of motion in a weightlifter with subacromial pain syndrome. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy. 12(1),144.
• Da Silva, A.C., de Noronha, M., Liberatori-Junior, R.M., Aily, J.B., Gonçalves, G.H., Arrais-Lima, C., et al. (2020).The Effectiveness of Ischemic Compression Technique on Pain and Function in Individuals With Shoulder Pain: A Systematic Review. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 43:234-246.
• Daniels, C. J., & Morrell, A. P. (2012). Chiropractic management of pediatric plantar fasciitis: a case report. Journal of chiropractic medicine. 11(1),58-63.
• Davidson, C.J., Ganion, L.R., Gehlsen, G.M., Verhoestra, B., Roepke, J.E., Sevier, T.L. (1997). Rat tendon morphologic and functional changes resulting from soft tissue mobilization. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 293:313-319.
• Dolick, L., Lefever, E., & Wilkins, J. (2017). Effect of Soft Tissue Mobilization and Stretching on GIRD in Collegiate Baseball Players. Journal of Sports Medicine and Allied Health Sciences: Official Journal of the Ohio Athletic Trainers Association. 3(1),13.
• Gamboa, A. J., Craft, D. R., Matos, J. A., Flink, T. S., & Mokris, R. L. (2019). Functional movement analysis before and after instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization. International journal of exercise science. 12(3),46.
• Gazi, Ö., Göçmez, H. B., Kahraman, M. Y., Uzun,S . (2024). Sporcularda Aletli Yumuşak Doku Mobilizasyon Tekniğinin Ayak Bileği Mobilitesine Akut Etkisi: Ön Çalışma. Journal of Social, Humanities and Administrative Sciences (Joshas). 7(36),197-202.
• Ge, W., Roth, E., Sansone A. (2017). A quasi-experimental study on the effects of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization on mechanosensitive neurons. J Phys Ther Sci. 29(4):654-657.
• Gulick, D.T. (2014). Influence of instrument assisted soft tissue treatment techniques on myofascial trigger points. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 18(4):602-607.
• Harris, H. (2020). Hemodynamic Effects of Graston Technique on Trigger Points in the Upper Trapezius in Patients with Neck Pain. Illinois State University. Heinecke, M. L., Thuesen, S. T., & Stow, R. C. (2014). Graston technique on shoulder motion in overhead athletes. J Undergrad Kinesiol Res. 10(1),27-39.
• Imai, K., Ikoma, K., Chen, Q., Zhao, C., An, K.N., Gay, R.E. (2015). Biomechanical and histological effects of augmented soft tissue mobilization therapy on achilles tendinopathy in a rabbit model. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 38(2):112-118.
• Kabasakal, S. A. (2024). Futbolda Farklı Isınma Protokollerinin Sportif Performansa Akut Etkilerinin İncelenmesi. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi. 15(3):429-445.
• Kang, H. S., & Lee, J. H. (2020). The immediate effects of graston instrument-assisted soft-tissue mobilization and self-stretching on the muscular properties of the gastrocnemius in athletes. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 15(4),29-35.
• Kim, J., Sung, D. J., & Lee, J. (2017). Therapeutic effectiveness of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization for soft tissue injury: mechanisms and practical application. Journal of exercise rehabilitation. 13(1),12.
• Kivlan, B. R., Carcia, C. R., Clemente, F. R., Phelps, A. L., & Martin, R. L. (2015). The effect of Astym® Therapy on muscle strength: a blinded, randomized, clinically controlled trial. BMC musculoskeletal disorders. 16,1-10.
• Kurt, D., Hoşbaş, B. D., Karamancıoğlu, B., & Demirci, D. (2024). Atletlerde Alet Destekli Yumuşak Doku Mobilizasyonu ve Kinezyolojik Bant Uygulamalarının Denge ve Çeviklik Üzerindeki Akut Etkileri: Randomize Kontrollü Bir Çalışma. Spor ve Performans Araştırmaları Dergisi. 15(1),115-129.
• Laudner, K., Compton, B. D., McLoda, T. A., & Walters, C. M. (2014). Acute effects of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization for improving posterior shoulder range of motion in collegiate baseball players. International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy. 9(1),1.
• Lee, J.H., Lee ,D.K., Oh, J.S. (2016). The effect of Graston technique on the pain and range of motion in patients with chronic low back pain. J Phys Ther Sci. 28(6):1852-5
• Loghmani, M. T., & Warden, S. J. (2013). Instrument-assisted cross fiber massage increases tissue perfusion and alters microvascular morphology in the vicinity of healing knee ligaments. BMC complementary and alternative medicine. 13,1-9.
• Looney, B., Srokose, T., Fernandez-de-las-Penas, C., Cleland, J.A. (2011). Graston instrument soft tissue mobilization and home stretching for the management of plantar heel pain: a case series. J Manipulative Physiol Ther. 34(2):138-142.
• Lorrig, B., Bils, Z., & Olson, M. (2014). Effects of Graston Treatment Time on the Quadriceps Muscles' Strength and Fatigue in Division III Football Players.
• Markovic, G. (2015). Acute effects of instrument assisted soft tissue mobilization vs. foam rolling on knee and hip range of motion in soccer players. Journal of bodywork and movement therapies. 19(4),690-696.
• McConnell, J., Cruser, S., Warden, S. J., & Bayliss, A. J. (2016). Instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization alters material and mechanical properties in Achilles tendinopathy. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 46(46),114.
• Miners, A. L., & Bougie, T. L. (2011). Chronic Achilles tendinopathy: a case study of treatment incorporating active and passive tissue warm-up, Graston Technique®, ART®, eccentric exercise, and cryotherapy. The Journal of the Canadian Chiropractic Association. 55(4),269.
• Nazary-Moghadam, S., Yahya-Zadeh, A., Zare, M. A., Mohammadi, M. A., Marouzi, P., & Zeinalzadeh, A. (2023). Comparison of utilizing modified hold-relax, muscle energy technique, and instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization on hamstring muscle length in healthy athletes: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 35,151-157.
• Nielsen, A. (2009). Gua sha research and the language of integrative medicine. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 13(1):63-72.
• Page, P., Hoogenboom, B., Voight, M. (2017). Improving the reporting of therapeutic exercise interventions in rehabilitation research. Int J Sports Phys Ther.12(2):297-304.
• Papa, J.A. (2012). Two cases of work-related lateral epicondylopathy treated with Graston Technique(R) and conservative rehabilitation. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 56(3):192-200.
• Park, J. H., Oh, E. Y., Lee, H. J., Kim, Y. J., & Shin, Y. B. (2015). A case report on a patient of achilles tendinitis treated with Gyeon-mak chuna, Korean medicine and graston technique. Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation. 25(1),103-110.
• Park, J. H., Rhyu, H. S., & Rhi, S. Y. (2020). The effects of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization rehabilitation exercise on range of motion, isokinetic strength, and balance in chronic ankle instability taekwondo players. Journal of exercise rehabilitation. 16(6),516.
• Stow, R. (20119. Instrument-Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization. Int J Athl Ther Train. 16(3):5-8.
• Uysal, İ., Yılmaz, Z., Çetinkaya, İ., & Özden, F. (2025). The Immediate Effect of Graston Technique on Ankle Range of Motion and Vertical Jump Performance in Athletes. Medical Records. 7(1),223-228.
• Vardiman, J.P., Siedlik, J., Herda, T., Hawkins, W., Cooper, M., Graham, Z.A., Deckert, J., & Gallagher, P. (2015) Instrument-assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization: Effects on the Properties of Human Plantar Flexors. International Journal of Sports Medicine. 36(03):197-203.
• White, K.E. (2011). High hamstring tendinopathy in 3 female long distance runners. J Chiropr Med. 10(2):93-99.
• Yana, M., Farhoomand, B., & Güneş, M. (2025). Acute effects of instrument-assisted soft tissue mobilization on the flexibility, strength, vertical jump, and dynamic balance performances of the plantar flexor muscle in professional football players. Journal of Bodywork and Movement Therapies. 42,1079-1084.
• Yin, P., Gao, N., Wu, J., Litscher, G., Xu, S. (2014). Adverse events of massage therapy in pain-related conditions: a systematic review. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2014:2014:480956.
• Zainuddin, Z., Newton, M., Sacco, P., & Nosaka, K. (2005). Effects of massage on delayed-onset muscle soreness, swelling, and recovery of muscle function. Journal of athletic training. 40(3),174.