Oxidative stress in chronic diseases: An Overview of Orange Peel Extracts

Abstract

Aim: Oxidative stress is a significant factor implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, ranging from cardiovascular disorders and neurodegenerative conditions to metabolic syndrome and cancer. Antioxidants derived from natural sources have gained considerable attention due to their potential to combat oxidative stress and prevent disease progression. Orange peel extracts, in particular, have emerged as promising candidates for their rich content of bioactive compounds with potent antioxidant properties. In this study, we aimed to determine the antioxidant capacity of ethanol and methanol extracts of orange peel. Methods: Ethanol and methanol extracts from orange peel were obtained. The Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent (FCR) was used to determine the total phenolic component levels in the extracts of orange peel. By using the DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil), FRAP (Iron ion reducing antioxidant power), and CUPRAC (Cu2+ ions reducing) techniques, antioxidant activities were assessed. To calculate the extract's equivalent antioxidant capacity, different reference sample concentrations ranging from 250 to 1000 g/mL were made. Results: The greatest concentration of the phenolic component in the methanol and ethanol-extracted orange peel extracts was 1000 µL/mL. The maximum values for the extracts’ FRAP, CUPRAC (Trolox Eq g/mL), and DPPH radical scavenging capacity (inhibition%) were determined at a concentration of 1000 µL/mL. Ethanol extract showed higher antioxidant capacity compared to methanol extract. Conclusion: Orange peel extracts demonstrate considerable promise as natural therapeutic agents for alleviating oxidative stress and its associated burden on chronic diseases. Our findings could improve the way orange peels are used in the food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries. However, further research is warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms of action, optimal extraction method, optimal dosages, and potential side effects of the extracts.

Keywords

• Antioxidant
• chronic diseases
• ethanol
• extract
• methanol
• orange
• peel

Ethical Statement

The authors declare that ethics committee approval is not required for this study.

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