Research Article
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Investigation of the Effect of Attachment and Some Important Psychiatric Clinical Entities on the Relationship Between Covid 19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Distrust in Vaccines

Year 2022, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 157 - 168, 29.12.2022

Abstract

Objective: The aim of present study is to investigate the relationship between distrust of vaccines, which was found to be highly associated with COVID-19 anti-vaccine, and some psychiatric conditions such as attachment, anxiety, hostility, and psychoticism.
Methods: 462 adult participants were included in the study. A sociodemographic data form including questions on information about COVID-19 was filled by the participants. In addition, the participants were evaluated with the anxiety, obsessive-compulsive(OCD) and hostility subscale of the Symptom Check List – Revised 90 (SCL-90 R) scale and the Adults Attachment Style Scale (AASS).
Results: In logistic regression analysis, it was shown that concern about COVID-19 vaccines safety was effective on intention to be vaccinated (x2=228.667; N= 462; df=1; p<0.01). The relationship between believing COVID-19 vaccines safety and intention to get vaccinated is moderated by anxious/ambivalence attachment style, anxiety level, hostility and number of children.
Conclusion: In conclusion, anxious-avoidant attachment, anxiety level, hostility and number of children had moderate effect on the relationship between the safety concerns of vaccines and the intention to be vaccinated. Vaccine persuasion studies should focus on individual studies after public information.

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References

  • 1. World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/
  • 2. World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 advice for the public: Getting vaccinated. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/covid-19-vaccines/advice.
  • 3. World Health Organization (WHO). Ten threats to global health in 2019. 2019. https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019.
  • 4. Al-Amer, R., Maneze, D., Everett, B., Montayre, J., Villarosa, A. R., Dwekat, E., & Salamonson, Y. (2022). Pandeminin ilk yılında COVID-19 aşılama niyeti: Sistematik bir derleme. Klinik hemşirelik dergisi, 31(1-2), 62–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15951
  • 5. Cascini, F., Pantovic, A., Al-Ajlouni, Y., Failla, G., & Ricciardi, W. (2021). COVID-19 aşılarını almak için dünya çapında genel nüfus arasında tutumlar, kabul ve tereddütler ve katkıda bulunan faktörler: Sistematik bir derleme. EClinicalMedicine, 40, 101113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101113
  • 6. Yurttas, B., Poyraz, B. C., Sut, N., Ozdede, A., Oztas, M., Uğurlu, S., Tabak, F., Hamuryudan, V., & Seyahi, E. (2021). Willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine among patients with rheumatic diseases, healthcare workers and general population in Turkey: a web-based survey. Rheumatology international, 41(6), 1105–1114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-021-04841-3
  • 7. Wagner, A. L., Huang, Z., Ren, J., Laffoon, M., Ji, M., Pinckney, L. C., Sun, X., Prosser, L. A., Boulton, M. L., & Zikmund-Fisher, B. J. (2021). Vaccine Hesitancy and Concerns About Vaccine Safety and Effectiveness in Shanghai, China. American journal of preventive medicine, 60(1 Suppl 1), 77–S86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2020.09.003 Özceylan, G., Toprak, D., & Esen, E. S. (2020). Vaccine rejection and hesitation in Turkey. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 16(5), 1034–1039. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1717182
  • 8. Özceylan, G., Toprak, D., & Esen, E. S. (2020). Vaccine rejection and hesitation in Turkey. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 16(5), 1034–1039. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1717182
  • 9. İkiışık, H., Akif Sezerol, M., Taşçı, Y., & Maral, I. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A community-based research in Turkey. International journal of clinical practice, 75(8), e14336. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.14336. 10. Jefsen, O. H., Kølbæk, P., Gil, Y., Speed, M., Dinesen, P. T., Sønderskov, K. M., & Østergaard, S. D. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine willingness amongst patients with mental illness compared with the general population. Acta neuropsychiatrica, 33(5), 273–276. https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2021.15
  • 11. Tzur Bitan, D., Kridin, K., Cohen, A. D., & Weinstein, O. (2021). COVID-19 hospitalisation, mortality, vaccination, and postvaccination trends among people with schizophrenia in Israel: a longitudinal cohort study. The lancet. Psychiatry, 8(10), 901–908. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00256-X
  • 12. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior research methods, 39(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146
  • 13. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior research methods, 41(4), 1149–1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149.
  • 14. Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of personality and social psychology, 52(3), 511–524. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.52.3.511.
  • 15. Mikulincer, M., Florian, V., & Weller, A. (1993). Attachment styles, coping strategies, and posttraumatic psychological distress: the impact of the Gulf War in Israel. Journal of personality and social psychology, 64(5), 817–826. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.64.5.817.
  • 16. Kesebir, S., Kökçü, F., & Dereboy, F. (2012). Adult Attachment Style Scale: Adaptation, Reliability and Validity Study. New symposium journal, 50,99-104. [Turkish]
  • 17. Dror, A. A., Eisenbach, N., Taiber, S., Morozov, N. G., Mizrachi, M., Zigron, A., Srouji, S., & Sela, E. (2020). Vaccine hesitancy: the next challenge in the fight against COVID-19. European journal of epidemiology, 35(8), 775–779. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-020-00671-y
  • 18. Kaplan, R. M., & Milstein, A. (2021). Influence of a COVID-19 vaccine's effectiveness and safety profile on vaccination acceptance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118(10), e2021726118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021726118
  • 19. Soares, P., Rocha, J. V., Moniz, M., Gama, A., Laires, P. A., Pedro, A. R., Dias, S., Leite, A., & Nunes, C. (2021). Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy. Vaccines, 9(3), 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9030300
  • 20. Wouters, O. J., Shadlen, K. C., Salcher-Konrad, M., Pollard, A. J., Larson, H. J., Teerawattananon, Y., & Jit, M. (2021). Challenges in ensuring global access to COVID-19 vaccines: production, affordability, allocation, and deployment. Lancet (London, England), 397(10278), 1023–1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00306-8.
  • 21. Gruda, D., & Kafetsios, K. (2021). I Need a Doctor, Call Me a Doctor: Attachment and the Evaluation of General Practitioners before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(15), 7914. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157914
  • 22. Venegas-Vera, A. V., Colbert, G. B., & Lerma, E. V. (2020). Positive and negative impact of social media in the COVID-19 era. Reviews in cardiovascular medicine, 21(4), 561–564. https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm.2020.04.195
  • 23. Bin Naeem, S., & Kamel Boulos, M. N. (2021). COVID-19 Misinformation Online and Health Literacy: A Brief Overview. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(15), 8091. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158091
  • 24. Kural, A. I., & Kovacs, M. (2021). Attachment anxiety and resilience: The mediating role of coping. Acta psychologica, 221, 103447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103447
  • 25. Racine, N., Hetherington, E., McArthur, B. A., McDonald, S., Edwards, S., Tough, S., & Madigan, S. (2021). Maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: a longitudinal analysis. The lancet psychiatry, 8(5), 405–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00074-2
  • 26. Cameron, E. E., Joyce, K.M., Delaquis, C. P., Reynolds, K., Protudjer, J., & Roos, L. E. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında annenin psikolojik sıkıntısı ve ruh sağlığı hizmeti kullanımı. Duygulanım bozuklukları dergisi, 276, 765–774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.081

Bağlanma ve Psikiyatrik Önemli Bazı Klinik Antitelerin Covid 19 Aşı reddi/tereddütü ile Aşılara Olan Güvensizlik Arasındaki İlişkiye Etkisinin İncelenmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 157 - 168, 29.12.2022

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, COVID-19 aşı karşıtı ile yüksek düzeyde ilişkili olduğu tespit edilen aşılara güvensizlik arasındaki ilişkide bağlanma, anksiyete, düşmanlık ve psikotizm gibi bazı psikiyatrik durumlar moderator etkisini araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya 462 yetişkin katılımcı dahil edildi. Katılımcılar tarafından COVID-19 ile ilgili bilgileri içeren sosyodemografik veri formu doldurulmuştur. Ayrıca Semptom Kontrol Listesi Revize 90 (SCL-90 R) ölçeğinin anksiyete, obsesif-kompulsif(OKB) ve düşmanlık alt ölçeği ve Yetişkin Bağlanma Biçimi Ölçeği (YBBÖ) ile katılımcılar değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Lojistik regresyon analizinde, COVID-19 aşılarının güvenliği ile ilgili endişenin aşı olma niyeti üzerinde etkili olduğu gösterildi (x2=228.667; N= 462; df=1; p<0.01). COVID-19 aşılarının güvenliğine inanma ile aşı olma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide, kaygılı/kararsız bağlanma biçi, kaygı düzeyi, düşmanlık ve çocuk sayısı tarafından modere edildiği saptandı.
Sonuç: Sonuç olarak, aşıların güvenlilik kaygıları ile aşı olma niyeti arasındaki ilişkide kaygılı-kaçınan bağlanma, kaygı düzeyi, düşmanlık ve çocuk sayısı orta düzeyde etkiye sahiptir. Aşı ikna çalışmaları kamuoyunun bilgilendirilmesinden sonra bireysel çalışmalara ağırlık vermelidir.

Project Number

None

References

  • 1. World Health Organization (WHO). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard. https://covid19.who.int/
  • 2. World Health Organization (WHO). COVID-19 advice for the public: Getting vaccinated. https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/covid-19-vaccines/advice.
  • 3. World Health Organization (WHO). Ten threats to global health in 2019. 2019. https://www.who.int/news-room/spotlight/ten-threats-to-global-health-in-2019.
  • 4. Al-Amer, R., Maneze, D., Everett, B., Montayre, J., Villarosa, A. R., Dwekat, E., & Salamonson, Y. (2022). Pandeminin ilk yılında COVID-19 aşılama niyeti: Sistematik bir derleme. Klinik hemşirelik dergisi, 31(1-2), 62–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.15951
  • 5. Cascini, F., Pantovic, A., Al-Ajlouni, Y., Failla, G., & Ricciardi, W. (2021). COVID-19 aşılarını almak için dünya çapında genel nüfus arasında tutumlar, kabul ve tereddütler ve katkıda bulunan faktörler: Sistematik bir derleme. EClinicalMedicine, 40, 101113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101113
  • 6. Yurttas, B., Poyraz, B. C., Sut, N., Ozdede, A., Oztas, M., Uğurlu, S., Tabak, F., Hamuryudan, V., & Seyahi, E. (2021). Willingness to get the COVID-19 vaccine among patients with rheumatic diseases, healthcare workers and general population in Turkey: a web-based survey. Rheumatology international, 41(6), 1105–1114. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00296-021-04841-3
  • 7. Wagner, A. L., Huang, Z., Ren, J., Laffoon, M., Ji, M., Pinckney, L. C., Sun, X., Prosser, L. A., Boulton, M. L., & Zikmund-Fisher, B. J. (2021). Vaccine Hesitancy and Concerns About Vaccine Safety and Effectiveness in Shanghai, China. American journal of preventive medicine, 60(1 Suppl 1), 77–S86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2020.09.003 Özceylan, G., Toprak, D., & Esen, E. S. (2020). Vaccine rejection and hesitation in Turkey. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 16(5), 1034–1039. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1717182
  • 8. Özceylan, G., Toprak, D., & Esen, E. S. (2020). Vaccine rejection and hesitation in Turkey. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, 16(5), 1034–1039. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2020.1717182
  • 9. İkiışık, H., Akif Sezerol, M., Taşçı, Y., & Maral, I. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: A community-based research in Turkey. International journal of clinical practice, 75(8), e14336. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.14336. 10. Jefsen, O. H., Kølbæk, P., Gil, Y., Speed, M., Dinesen, P. T., Sønderskov, K. M., & Østergaard, S. D. (2021). COVID-19 vaccine willingness amongst patients with mental illness compared with the general population. Acta neuropsychiatrica, 33(5), 273–276. https://doi.org/10.1017/neu.2021.15
  • 11. Tzur Bitan, D., Kridin, K., Cohen, A. D., & Weinstein, O. (2021). COVID-19 hospitalisation, mortality, vaccination, and postvaccination trends among people with schizophrenia in Israel: a longitudinal cohort study. The lancet. Psychiatry, 8(10), 901–908. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00256-X
  • 12. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior research methods, 39(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146
  • 13. Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior research methods, 41(4), 1149–1160. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.4.1149.
  • 14. Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of personality and social psychology, 52(3), 511–524. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.52.3.511.
  • 15. Mikulincer, M., Florian, V., & Weller, A. (1993). Attachment styles, coping strategies, and posttraumatic psychological distress: the impact of the Gulf War in Israel. Journal of personality and social psychology, 64(5), 817–826. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.64.5.817.
  • 16. Kesebir, S., Kökçü, F., & Dereboy, F. (2012). Adult Attachment Style Scale: Adaptation, Reliability and Validity Study. New symposium journal, 50,99-104. [Turkish]
  • 17. Dror, A. A., Eisenbach, N., Taiber, S., Morozov, N. G., Mizrachi, M., Zigron, A., Srouji, S., & Sela, E. (2020). Vaccine hesitancy: the next challenge in the fight against COVID-19. European journal of epidemiology, 35(8), 775–779. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-020-00671-y
  • 18. Kaplan, R. M., & Milstein, A. (2021). Influence of a COVID-19 vaccine's effectiveness and safety profile on vaccination acceptance. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 118(10), e2021726118. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2021726118
  • 19. Soares, P., Rocha, J. V., Moniz, M., Gama, A., Laires, P. A., Pedro, A. R., Dias, S., Leite, A., & Nunes, C. (2021). Factors Associated with COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy. Vaccines, 9(3), 300. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9030300
  • 20. Wouters, O. J., Shadlen, K. C., Salcher-Konrad, M., Pollard, A. J., Larson, H. J., Teerawattananon, Y., & Jit, M. (2021). Challenges in ensuring global access to COVID-19 vaccines: production, affordability, allocation, and deployment. Lancet (London, England), 397(10278), 1023–1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00306-8.
  • 21. Gruda, D., & Kafetsios, K. (2021). I Need a Doctor, Call Me a Doctor: Attachment and the Evaluation of General Practitioners before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(15), 7914. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18157914
  • 22. Venegas-Vera, A. V., Colbert, G. B., & Lerma, E. V. (2020). Positive and negative impact of social media in the COVID-19 era. Reviews in cardiovascular medicine, 21(4), 561–564. https://doi.org/10.31083/j.rcm.2020.04.195
  • 23. Bin Naeem, S., & Kamel Boulos, M. N. (2021). COVID-19 Misinformation Online and Health Literacy: A Brief Overview. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(15), 8091. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18158091
  • 24. Kural, A. I., & Kovacs, M. (2021). Attachment anxiety and resilience: The mediating role of coping. Acta psychologica, 221, 103447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103447
  • 25. Racine, N., Hetherington, E., McArthur, B. A., McDonald, S., Edwards, S., Tough, S., & Madigan, S. (2021). Maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Canada: a longitudinal analysis. The lancet psychiatry, 8(5), 405–415. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00074-2
  • 26. Cameron, E. E., Joyce, K.M., Delaquis, C. P., Reynolds, K., Protudjer, J., & Roos, L. E. (2020). COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında annenin psikolojik sıkıntısı ve ruh sağlığı hizmeti kullanımı. Duygulanım bozuklukları dergisi, 276, 765–774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.081
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychiatry
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Şakir Gıca 0000-0001-7387-8840

Hanife Başak Altunbek 0000-0001-9024-919X

Sena Karaca 0000-0002-7587-0022

Mine Şahingöz 0000-0003-4511-9649

Esra Çınar Tanrıverdi 0000-0001-8857-3986

Project Number None
Publication Date December 29, 2022
Submission Date June 13, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Gıca, Ş., Altunbek, H. B., Karaca, S., Şahingöz, M., et al. (2022). Investigation of the Effect of Attachment and Some Important Psychiatric Clinical Entities on the Relationship Between Covid 19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Distrust in Vaccines. Current Research and Reviews in Psychology and Psychiatry, 2(2), 157-168.