Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation

Tuba Doğan Karataş; Ahmet Aksoy; Deniz Ergül; Esra Akaydın Gültürk; Mansur Doğan

doi:10.17776/csj.1851365

Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation

Abstract

This study examined the relationship between the triglyceride–glucose (TyG) index, a convenient surrogate indicator of insulin resistance, and epistaxis. The study retrospectively analyzed data from 1,320 participants, including 658 patients presenting with epistaxis and 662 healthy controls matched for age and sex. Demographic information and laboratory findings were retrieved from hospital records. The TyG index was derived from fasting plasma glucose and triglyceride measurements, and intergroup comparisons were conducted accordingly. The predictive performance of the TyG index for epistaxis was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and logistic regression models. Patients with epistaxis exhibited significantly higher fasting plasma glucose levels (median: 97.0 vs 93.0 mg/dL, p < 0.001), triglyceride concentrations (median: 126.5 vs 108.0 mg/dL, p < 0.001), and TyG index values (median: 8.79 vs 8.52, p < 0.001) compared with the control group. No significant difference was observed in sex distribution between groups (p = 0.919). ROC analysis indicated that the TyG index demonstrated superior discriminative capacity relative to fasting glucose or triglyceride levels alone (AUC = 0.602). Furthermore, logistic regression analysis showed that each one-unit increase in the TyG index was associated with a 2.039-fold elevation in the odds of epistaxis (OR = 2.039, 95% CI: 1.655–2.513, p < 0.001). A significant positive correlation between age and TyG index was also identified in both study groups (r = 0.53, p < 0.001). Collectively, these findings suggest that metabolic stress and insulin resistance may be associated with vascular vulnerability and the pathogenesis of epistaxis. In conclusion, the TyG index may serve as a complementary and supportive parameter in the risk assessment of epistaxis, particularly among individuals with cardiovascular risk factors. Nevertheless, prospective studies with comprehensive confounder adjustment are required to further establish its clinical relevance.

Keywords

Epistaxis, Metabolic stress, Insulin resistance, Triglyceride-Glucose index, Vascular fragility

Supporting Institution

NONE

Ethical Statement

All procedures performed in this study were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible institutional committee on human experimentation and with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki (1975, revised in 2013). The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Sivas Cumhuriyet University (Approval No: 2025-06/71).

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Medical Biochemistry - Lipids

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Tuba Doğan Karataş ^*
0000-0002-2610-6562
Türkiye

Ahmet Aksoy
0000-0002-7744-8124
Türkiye

Deniz Ergül
0009-0005-1805-2188
Türkiye

Esra Akaydın Gültürk
0000-0003-0978-3091
Türkiye

Mansur Doğan
0000-0002-3964-9363
Türkiye

Publication Date

June 29, 2026

Submission Date

December 31, 2025

Acceptance Date

June 8, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 47 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1851365

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA56RX68JW

APA

Doğan Karataş, T., Aksoy, A., Ergül, D., Akaydın Gültürk, E., & Doğan, M. (2026). Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, 47(3), 454-460. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1851365

AMA

1.Doğan Karataş T, Aksoy A, Ergül D, Akaydın Gültürk E, Doğan M. Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation. CSJ. 2026;47(3):454-460. doi:10.17776/csj.1851365

Chicago

Doğan Karataş, Tuba, Ahmet Aksoy, Deniz Ergül, Esra Akaydın Gültürk, and Mansur Doğan. 2026. “Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation”. Cumhuriyet Science Journal 47 (3): 454-60. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1851365.

EndNote

Doğan Karataş T, Aksoy A, Ergül D, Akaydın Gültürk E, Doğan M (June 1, 2026) Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation. Cumhuriyet Science Journal 47 3 454–460.

IEEE

[1]T. Doğan Karataş, A. Aksoy, D. Ergül, E. Akaydın Gültürk, and M. Doğan, “Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation”, CSJ, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 454–460, June 2026, doi: 10.17776/csj.1851365.

ISNAD

Doğan Karataş, Tuba - Aksoy, Ahmet - Ergül, Deniz - Akaydın Gültürk, Esra - Doğan, Mansur. “Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation”. Cumhuriyet Science Journal 47/3 (June 1, 2026): 454-460. https://doi.org/10.17776/csj.1851365.

JAMA

1.Doğan Karataş T, Aksoy A, Ergül D, Akaydın Gültürk E, Doğan M. Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation. CSJ. 2026;47:454–460.

MLA

Doğan Karataş, Tuba, et al. “Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation”. Cumhuriyet Science Journal, vol. 47, no. 3, June 2026, pp. 454-60, doi:10.17776/csj.1851365.

Vancouver

1.Tuba Doğan Karataş, Ahmet Aksoy, Deniz Ergül, Esra Akaydın Gültürk, Mansur Doğan. Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation. CSJ. 2026 Jun. 1;47(3):454-60. doi:10.17776/csj.1851365

As of 2026, Cumhuriyet Science Journal will be published in six issues per year, released in February, April, June, August, October, and December

Association Between the Triglyceride–Glucose Index and Epistaxis: A Biochemical Evaluation

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Ethical Statement

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

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