SOSYAL VATANDAŞLIK ve GÜNÜMÜZDE YAŞADIĞI DÖNÜŞÜM: AKTİF VATANDAŞLIK Sosyal Politika Açısından Bir Değerlendirme

Abstract

Abstract

Some important changes in the scope of the concept of citizenship which has the meaning of the rights and obligations of citizens both towards to the state and to each other have been existed up to now. In this direction, citizenship is not anymore a privilege for some groups of societies and is spread to all groups and new right categories have been added to it. As a result of these developments, social citizenship appeared in 20th century just after the social rights were added to the concept of citizenship besides civil and political rights. In this context, social citizenship which was developed by T.H. Marshall has the meaning of the whole range from the right to a modicum of economic welfare and security to the right to share to the full in the social heritage and to live the life of a civilized being according to the standards prevailing in the society. However, in the social citizenship concept, there has been a decrease because of some factors that are directed by the globalization in the near past and a new citizenship concept which means less rights but more obligations and participation for citizens is replaced with social citizenship. In this context, some applications of the mixture of active-social citizenship that means some decreases in social rights but some increases in obligations of citizens towards to the state and to each other have been seen in some big countries that used to have social welfare policies before

Keywords

• Social Citizenship, Marshall, Social Policy, Active Citizenship

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