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Yapabilirlikten Yoksunluk Açısından Mikro Kredi Uygulaması: Sakarya İli Örneği

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 55, 2027 - 2054, 01.01.2017

Abstract

Amartya Sen’in yapabilirlikten yoksunluk yaklaşımına göre yoksulluk sadece gelir yetersizliği demek değildir. İnsanların ne yapıp yapamayacakları ve ne olup olamayacakları ile ilgili olan ulaşabilecekleri gerçek yaşam koşullarıdır. Mikro kredi yoksullukla mücadelede gelir yetersizliği üzerine odaklanırken, yapabilirlikten yoksunluk bağlamında nelere katkı sağlamaktadır? Bu çalışmada Sakarya’da mikro kredi uygulaması sadece yoksulluk/gelir yetersizliği boyutuyla değil, yapabilirlikten yoksunluklar boyutuyla ele alınmıştır. Bunu ölçmek için bireysel özgürlükler, eğitim, sağlık, barınma, kültürel hizmetler ile bilgiye erişim, kadının aile ve toplum içerisindeki konumunun güçlendirilmesi yapabilirlikten yoksunluk göstergeleri olarak kabul edilmiştir

References

  • Ashe, J. and L. Parrott (2001), Impact Evaluation of PACT’s Women’s Empowerment Program in Nepal: A Savings and Literacy Led Alternative to Financial Institution Building, Cambridge Mass: Brandeis University.
  • Balkız, Ö. (2015), “Mikro Kredi ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet: Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme”, Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 14 (3), 535-557.
  • Baltacı N. Ö. (2011), Kadınları Güçlendirme Mekanizması Olarak Mikro Kredi, Başbakanlık Kadının Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü Uzmanlık Tezi.
  • Barro, Robert J. (1991), “Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(2), 407- 444.
  • Boz, Ç. (2009), Amartya Sen’in Yetkinlik Yaklaşımı: Teori ve Uygulama, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Cabraal A. (2010), The Impact of Microfinance on the Capabilities of Participants, A Thesis Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Honours) School of Economics, Finance and Marketing College of Business RMIT University, Australia.
  • Cheston, S., and L. Kuhn (2002), “Empowering Women through Microfinance”, in: S. Daley-Harris, comp. & ed. Pathways out of Poverty: Innovations in Microfinance for the Poorest Families, Bloomfield, CT, USA: Kumarian Press., 167-228.
  • Clark, D. (2005), “Sen’s Capability Approach and the Many Spaces of Human Well-Being”, Journal of Development Studies, C. 4, S. 8, 1339-1368.
  • Çak, D. (2007), Kalkınmanın Finansmanının Sağlanmasında Mikrokredi Yöntemi, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi SBE.
  • Dehejia R. H and R. Gatti (2005), “Child Labor: The Role of Financial Development and Income Variability across Countries”, Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 53, No. 4, 913-931.
  • Ergüngör, B. (2010), Bireysel Özgürlük ve Kültürel Özgürlük Tartışmalarına Katkı Olarak Amartya Sen’in Kapasite Yaklaşımı, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi.
  • Fiege K. (2010), Economic Empowerment of Woman Through Microcredit, SLE Postgraduate Studies on International Cooperation, Berlin.
  • Fraser, L. Jean (2007), Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach and Microfinance in Bolivia: Exploring the Link Between Theory and Practice, B.A. Acadia University, Master of Arts in Philosophy, Canada.
  • Garikipati S. (2012), “Microcredit and Women’s Empowerment: Through the Lens of Time-Use Data from Rural India”, Development and Change, Volume 43, Issue 3, 719–750.
  • Gürses, D. (2009), “İnsani Gelişme ve Türkiye”, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, C. 12, S. 21, 339-350.
  • Hashemi, S., S. R. Schulder and A. P. Riley (1996), “Rural Credit Programs and Women’s Empowerment in Bangladesh”, World Development, 24(4),635- 653.
  • Helms, B. (2006), Access for All: Building Inclusive Financial Systems, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The World Bank, Washington D.C.
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  • Khandker, S. R. and H. A. Samed (2014), Dynamic Effects of Microcredit in Bangladesh, Development and Research Group World Bank Policy Researh Working Paper, Washington D.C.
  • Kirmanoğlu, H. (2005), Amartya Sen’in Özgürlük ve Kalkınma Üzerine Düşüncelerine Bir Bakış, Maliye Araştırma Merkezi Konferansları 47. seri.
  • Latifee H. I. (2003), “Micro-credit and Poverty Reduction” Presented at the International Conference on “Poverty Reduction through Microcredit” held at Ceylan Inter-Continental Hotel, Taksim-Istanbul, Turkey from June 09-10, 2003.
  • Robeyns, I. (2007) “The Capability Approach: a Theoretical Survey”, Journal of Human Development, C.6, S. 1, 93-117.
  • Sam, N. (2008), “Yoksulluğa Bir Yaklaşım Biçimi: Kapasite Yaklaşımı”, Uludağ Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 27, S. 1, 59-70.
  • Selek Öz, C. ve C. Çolakoğlu (2014), “Türkiye’de Mikro Kredi Uygulamasının Sakarya İli Özelinde İncelenmesi”, Çalışma ve Toplum, s.43, ss.177-206.
  • Sen, A. (1979), “Equality of What”, The Tanner Lecture on Human Values, Stanford University, 22 May, 195-220.
  • Sen, A. (1983), “Poor, Relatively Speaking”,Oxford Economic Papers New Series, Vol. 35, No. 2, 153-169.
  • Sen, A. (1985), “The Standard of Living”, New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Sen, A. (1990), “Development as Capability Expansion” Human Development and International Development Strategy for the 1990s, (eds.) Keith Griffin and John Knight, London: Macmillian.
  • Sen, A. (1999), Development as Freedom, New York: Knopf Publishers.
  • Sen, A., (2004),“Özgürlükle Kalkınma”, (çev. Yavuz Alogan), İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Sharmin, S. N. (2014), Microcredit, Food Security and Women Empowerment in Bangladesh, Graduate School Course, Master of Science in Development Studies Term, Lund University, Sweden.
  • Terzi, Lorella (2004), “On Education as a Basic Capability”, Paper at the 4th International Conference on the Capability Approach: Enhancing Human Security, September 2004, Univeristy of Pavia.
  • TGMP 2011 Yılı Faaliyet Raporu
  • Tseng, C. Chia (2011) Microfinance and Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach, A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Institute of Philosophy School of Philosophy, Theology and Religion College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham.
  • UNDP, Human Development Report 1990, New York
  • Yuncu, D. (2000), İki Yoksulluk Yaklaşımı: A. Sen’in Yapabilirlikten Yoksunluk Karşılaştırması, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sosyal Politika Forumu Araştırma Raporu. ve Toplumsal Dışlanma Çerçevesinin
  • Yunus, M. (1999), Yoksulluğun Bulunmadığı Bir Dünyaya Doğru, (çev. Gülden Şen), İstanbul: Doğan Kitapçılık.

The Study of Micro Credit Practice in the context of Capability Approach in the City of Sakarya

Year 2017, Volume: 4 Issue: 55, 2027 - 2054, 01.01.2017

Abstract

According to the capability approach of Amartya Sen poverty is not just income inadequacy. It is what people are capable of doing and what they may become in real life conditions. While micro credit focuses on income inadequacy on the fight for poverty, what is its contribution in the context of capability approach? In this study the practice of micro credit in the city of Sakarya is handled not only from the point of poverty/income inadequacy but from the point of capability approach. To do so, individual freedoms, education, health, accommodation, cultural services, information access and the improving the situation of women in family and in community are accepted as indicators of measurement

References

  • Ashe, J. and L. Parrott (2001), Impact Evaluation of PACT’s Women’s Empowerment Program in Nepal: A Savings and Literacy Led Alternative to Financial Institution Building, Cambridge Mass: Brandeis University.
  • Balkız, Ö. (2015), “Mikro Kredi ve Toplumsal Cinsiyet: Eleştirel Bir Değerlendirme”, Gaziantep University Journal of Social Sciences, 14 (3), 535-557.
  • Baltacı N. Ö. (2011), Kadınları Güçlendirme Mekanizması Olarak Mikro Kredi, Başbakanlık Kadının Statüsü Genel Müdürlüğü Uzmanlık Tezi.
  • Barro, Robert J. (1991), “Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries”, Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106(2), 407- 444.
  • Boz, Ç. (2009), Amartya Sen’in Yetkinlik Yaklaşımı: Teori ve Uygulama, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi.
  • Cabraal A. (2010), The Impact of Microfinance on the Capabilities of Participants, A Thesis Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Honours) School of Economics, Finance and Marketing College of Business RMIT University, Australia.
  • Cheston, S., and L. Kuhn (2002), “Empowering Women through Microfinance”, in: S. Daley-Harris, comp. & ed. Pathways out of Poverty: Innovations in Microfinance for the Poorest Families, Bloomfield, CT, USA: Kumarian Press., 167-228.
  • Clark, D. (2005), “Sen’s Capability Approach and the Many Spaces of Human Well-Being”, Journal of Development Studies, C. 4, S. 8, 1339-1368.
  • Çak, D. (2007), Kalkınmanın Finansmanının Sağlanmasında Mikrokredi Yöntemi, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi SBE.
  • Dehejia R. H and R. Gatti (2005), “Child Labor: The Role of Financial Development and Income Variability across Countries”, Economic Development and Cultural Change, Vol. 53, No. 4, 913-931.
  • Ergüngör, B. (2010), Bireysel Özgürlük ve Kültürel Özgürlük Tartışmalarına Katkı Olarak Amartya Sen’in Kapasite Yaklaşımı, Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi.
  • Fiege K. (2010), Economic Empowerment of Woman Through Microcredit, SLE Postgraduate Studies on International Cooperation, Berlin.
  • Fraser, L. Jean (2007), Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach and Microfinance in Bolivia: Exploring the Link Between Theory and Practice, B.A. Acadia University, Master of Arts in Philosophy, Canada.
  • Garikipati S. (2012), “Microcredit and Women’s Empowerment: Through the Lens of Time-Use Data from Rural India”, Development and Change, Volume 43, Issue 3, 719–750.
  • Gürses, D. (2009), “İnsani Gelişme ve Türkiye”, Balıkesir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, C. 12, S. 21, 339-350.
  • Hashemi, S., S. R. Schulder and A. P. Riley (1996), “Rural Credit Programs and Women’s Empowerment in Bangladesh”, World Development, 24(4),635- 653.
  • Helms, B. (2006), Access for All: Building Inclusive Financial Systems, The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development, The World Bank, Washington D.C.
  • http://tgmp.net/default.aspx (01.03.2016)
  • http://tgmp.net/default.aspx (07.08.2017)
  • http://www.brac.net/#who_we_are, (01.01. 2016)
  • http://www.grameen.com/10-indicators/ (07.11.2016)
  • http://www.grameen.com/16-decisions/ (07.11.2016)
  • http://www.kedv.org.tr/maya/ (23.08.2016)
  • http://www.tgmp.net/tr/finansal-veriler(07.08.2017)
  • https://stateofthecampaign.org/read-the-full-2015-report/#anchor03, (07.08.2017)
  • Hulme, D. and P. Mosley (1996), Finance Against Poverty, Routledge Press, London.
  • Khandker, S. R. and H. A. Samed (2014), Dynamic Effects of Microcredit in Bangladesh, Development and Research Group World Bank Policy Researh Working Paper, Washington D.C.
  • Kirmanoğlu, H. (2005), Amartya Sen’in Özgürlük ve Kalkınma Üzerine Düşüncelerine Bir Bakış, Maliye Araştırma Merkezi Konferansları 47. seri.
  • Latifee H. I. (2003), “Micro-credit and Poverty Reduction” Presented at the International Conference on “Poverty Reduction through Microcredit” held at Ceylan Inter-Continental Hotel, Taksim-Istanbul, Turkey from June 09-10, 2003.
  • Robeyns, I. (2007) “The Capability Approach: a Theoretical Survey”, Journal of Human Development, C.6, S. 1, 93-117.
  • Sam, N. (2008), “Yoksulluğa Bir Yaklaşım Biçimi: Kapasite Yaklaşımı”, Uludağ Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, Cilt: 27, S. 1, 59-70.
  • Selek Öz, C. ve C. Çolakoğlu (2014), “Türkiye’de Mikro Kredi Uygulamasının Sakarya İli Özelinde İncelenmesi”, Çalışma ve Toplum, s.43, ss.177-206.
  • Sen, A. (1979), “Equality of What”, The Tanner Lecture on Human Values, Stanford University, 22 May, 195-220.
  • Sen, A. (1983), “Poor, Relatively Speaking”,Oxford Economic Papers New Series, Vol. 35, No. 2, 153-169.
  • Sen, A. (1985), “The Standard of Living”, New York: Cambridge University Press.
  • Sen, A. (1990), “Development as Capability Expansion” Human Development and International Development Strategy for the 1990s, (eds.) Keith Griffin and John Knight, London: Macmillian.
  • Sen, A. (1999), Development as Freedom, New York: Knopf Publishers.
  • Sen, A., (2004),“Özgürlükle Kalkınma”, (çev. Yavuz Alogan), İstanbul: Ayrıntı Yayınları.
  • Sharmin, S. N. (2014), Microcredit, Food Security and Women Empowerment in Bangladesh, Graduate School Course, Master of Science in Development Studies Term, Lund University, Sweden.
  • Terzi, Lorella (2004), “On Education as a Basic Capability”, Paper at the 4th International Conference on the Capability Approach: Enhancing Human Security, September 2004, Univeristy of Pavia.
  • TGMP 2011 Yılı Faaliyet Raporu
  • Tseng, C. Chia (2011) Microfinance and Amartya Sen’s Capability Approach, A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Institute of Philosophy School of Philosophy, Theology and Religion College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham.
  • UNDP, Human Development Report 1990, New York
  • Yuncu, D. (2000), İki Yoksulluk Yaklaşımı: A. Sen’in Yapabilirlikten Yoksunluk Karşılaştırması, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Sosyal Politika Forumu Araştırma Raporu. ve Toplumsal Dışlanma Çerçevesinin
  • Yunus, M. (1999), Yoksulluğun Bulunmadığı Bir Dünyaya Doğru, (çev. Gülden Şen), İstanbul: Doğan Kitapçılık.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Cihan Selek Öz This is me

Cavit Çolakoğlu This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 4 Issue: 55

Cite

APA Selek Öz, C., & Çolakoğlu, C. (2017). Yapabilirlikten Yoksunluk Açısından Mikro Kredi Uygulaması: Sakarya İli Örneği. Çalışma Ve Toplum, 4(55), 2027-2054.

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