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İslam Ülkelerinde Sendikal Haklar ve Yaşanan Sorunlar

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 62, 1707 - 1736, 01.01.2019

Abstract

Sendikal haklar, sanayileşmenin ve kapitalizmin yarattığı sorunlara tepki olarak doğmuş, ulusal ve uluslararası alanda ciddi mücadeleler sonucu kabul görmüştür. Sanayileşmiş batı ülkelerinde işçi sınıfının ortaya çıkması demokrasi mücadelesini ve gelişimini olumlu etkilediği gibi demokratik gelişmeler de sendikaları olumlu etkilemiştir. Ancak benzer gelişmeleri yaşayamamış islam ülkelerinde sendikal haklar özellikle uygulamada etkin bir şekilde yer almamıştır. İslam ülkelerinde sendikal haklar genellikle ekonomik fonksiyonlarıyla değerlendirmekte, oysa sendikaların ekonomik, sosyal ve siyasal fonksiyonları da mevcuttur. Bazı islam ülkelerinde bağımsızlık hareketlerinin sendikalar tarafından gerçekleştirildiği gerçeği, açık bir delildir. İslam ülkelerinde sendikal haklara ilişkin İLO sözleşmelerinin önemli bir kısmı kabul edilmiş olmasına rağmen, sendikal haklar uygulamada etkin değildir. Kapitalist toplumlarda eşitlik ve adaletin gerçekleştirilmesi örgütlenme, toplu pazarlık, grev hakkı ve lokavtın varlığına bağlıdır. Aksi taktirde güçlünün kurallarının ve şartlarının kabul edildiği, sömürüye boyun eğen, insan hakkının yenildiği bir düzen doğar. Bu düzene ne islami ne de insani bir düzen demek mümkün değildir.

References

  • Abdalla, Nadine(2017), The Trade Union Movement in Egypt in Light of The 2011 Uprising: Cooptation, Containmentand Limits of Resistance, Aub Policy Institute, April, Beirut
  • Abdelrahman,Maha(2017), Policing neoliberalism in Egypt: the continuing rise of the ‘securocratic’ state, Third World Quarterly, 38:1, 185-202, DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2015.1133246
  • Aminuddin, Maimunah(2009),Employment Relations In Malaysia: Pas, Present And Future, New Zealand Journal of AsianStudies,11, 1 (June 2009): 304-317.
  • Caspi,Amnon&Kastiel, Ruth(2006), Industrial relations in the Middle East, Global Industrial Relations, Edited by Michael J. Morley, Patrick Gunnigleand David G. Collings. Routledge, London and New York, ss.106-123
  • Clement,David&Bromberg, Mordy(2004),Trade Union Rights Centre, Jakarta, Indonesia, International Union Rights, Vol. 11, No. 2 (2004), pp. 18-19 https://www.jstor.org/stable/41937343?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_conten ts (Erişim Tarihi:30.09.2018)
  • ÇSGB (2018),6356 Sayılı Sendikalar ve toplu İş Sözleşmesi Kanunu Gereğince İşkollarındaki İşçi Sayıları ve Sendikaların Üye Sayılarına İlişkin 2018 Temmuz Ayı İstatistikleri Hakkında Tebliğ, https://www.csgb.gov.tr/media/9911/28072018-resmi-gazete.pdf Erişim Tarihi:30.09.2018)
  • ÇSGB (2018), 4688 Sayılı Kamu Görevlileri Sendikaları ve Toplu Sözleşme Kanunu Gereğince Kamu Görevlileri Sendikaları Konfederasyonların Üye Sayılarına İlişkin 2018 Temmuz İstatistikleri Hakkında Teblig http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/07/20180707-15.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:30.09.2018)
  • DİSKAR (2019), Sendikalaşma Araştırması (2013-2018), Şubat, İstanbul
  • Ghayur, Sabur (2009),Evolution of the Industrial Relations System in Pakistan, Cornell University, DigitalCommons@ILR https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1079&c ontext=intl (Erişim Tarihi: 07.03.2019)
  • Gülmez, Mesut (2005), Sendikal Haklarda Uyum Sorunu, Belediye-İş Yayınları, AB’ye Sosyal Uyum Dizisi, Ankara
  • Harper, Elizabheth&Bevilacqua, Catherine&Tatulashvili(2014),Analysis of Labour Rights and Employment: Iran’s International Human Rights Obligations, Human Rights in Iran Unit, University of Essex
  • Islam, Farmin&Md. Asaduzzaman (2015), Legal Framework for Trade Unionism in Bangladesh, Journal of Humanities And Social Science (IOSRJHSS), Volume 20, Issue 11, Ver. III (Nov. 2015) PP 13-19
  • ITUC,(2018), Global Right Index, The World’s Worst Countries for Workers, https://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/ituc-global-rights-index-2018-en-final2.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:29.09.2018).
  • ITUC(2017),ITUC Global Rights Index, The World’s Worst Countries for Workers, https://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/survey_ra_2017_eng-1.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:10.12.2018)
  • LDDHI (League for the Defence of Human Rights in Iran), (2013), Right to Work, Labour Rights &Trade Unions In Iran, Alternative Report on The Implementation of The International Covenant on Economic, Social And Cultural Rights In The Islamic Republic of Iran, 50th Session of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 29 April – 17 May 2013, Geneva
  • Parasuraman, Balakrishnan. &Schwimbersky, Sandra. (2005), Present Scenario of Malaysian Industrial Relations: Accommodating Orconİctual. International Society for Labour and Social Security Law: 8th Asian Regional Congress Proceedings pp. 295-312.
  • Petrol-İş (2011), Mısır’da Sendikal Hareket http://arsiv.petrolis.org.tr/dis_iliskiler/2011/foto/disiliskiler_dosya01.pdf (Erşim Tarihi:25.09.2018)
  • PSI(2016),Trade Union Rights In the Asia-Pacific Region Report, Prepared for Public Services International (PSI) http://www.worldpsi.org/sites/default/files/en_psi_turs_ap_updated.pdf (ErişimTarihi:20.08.2018)
  • Rachawati, Riani(2009),Trade Unions Behaviour Towards Multinatıonals In Indonesia, A Thesis Submitted To The University Of Birmingham ForThe Degree Of Doctor of Philosophy, December 2009 http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/750/1/Rachmawati10PhD.pdf. (Erişim Tarihi:19.09.2018)
  • Ramasamy,Nagiah (2008), The Future of TheTrade Union Movement in Malaysia, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237648200_THE_FUTURE_OF_TH E_TR ADE_UNION_MOVEMENT_IN_MALAYSIA (Erişim tarihi:11.09.2018)
  • Riser, Natacha Wexels(2004),National Labour Law Profile:Islamic Republic of Pakistan https://www.ilo.org/ifpdial/information-resources/nationallabour-law-profiles/WCMS_158916/lang--en/index.htm (Erişim Tarihi:12.09.2018)
  • Syed, Jawad (2008), An Islamic perspective of industrial relations: the case of Pakistan. Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion, 5(4): 417-440.
  • Yorgun, Sayım (2018), Influence of Economic and Political Changes on Industrial Relations Between Turkey and Azerbaija, Comparative Capitalism and the Transitional Periphery, Edited by Mehmet Demirbağ, Edwar Elgar, pp.148-172
  • Yorgun, Sayım (2011), Grevsiz Toplu Pazarlık Hakkı ve Aidat Bağımlılığı Kıskacında Memur Sendikaları, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları, Sayı: 60, 2011/1, ss. 161–184.
  • Yorgun, Sayım (2005), Küreselleşme Sürecinde Türk Sendikacılığında Yeni Yönelişler ve Alternatif Öneriler, Çalışma ve Toplum Dergisi, 2005/3, ss.137-161
  • Zaim, Sabahattin (2005), Türkiye’nin Yirminci Yüzyılı, İşçi-İşveren Kuruluşlarının Sosyo-Ekonomik Önemi, İşaret Yayınları 104/3, ss.16-34

Trade Union Rights and Issues in Islamic Countries

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 62, 1707 - 1736, 01.01.2019

Abstract

Trade union rights were born in response to the problems created by industrialization and capitalism, and these rights were accepted in serious struggles both nationally and internationally. In the industrialized Western countries, the emergence of the working class had a positive impact on the struggle for democracy and its development, and democratic developments also had a positive impact on the unions. Islamic countries could not experience similar developments, and trade union rights have not taken place effectively in practice. Although, trade unions have economic, social and political functions, in Islamic countries, trade union rights are generally evaluated by their economic functions. İt is a clear evidence that independence movements in some Islamic countries were carried out by trade unions. In Islamic countries, although a significant number of ILO conventions about trade union rights have been adopted, trade union rights are still ineffective in practice. The realization of equality and justice in capitalist societies depends on the existence of the rights of organization, rights of collective bargaining, and the rights to strike and lockout. Otherwise, an order emerges, and in this order, rules and conditions of the strong which yields to exploitation and defeats the human rights are accepted. It is not possible to call this order neither an Islamic nor a human order.

References

  • Abdalla, Nadine(2017), The Trade Union Movement in Egypt in Light of The 2011 Uprising: Cooptation, Containmentand Limits of Resistance, Aub Policy Institute, April, Beirut
  • Abdelrahman,Maha(2017), Policing neoliberalism in Egypt: the continuing rise of the ‘securocratic’ state, Third World Quarterly, 38:1, 185-202, DOI: 10.1080/01436597.2015.1133246
  • Aminuddin, Maimunah(2009),Employment Relations In Malaysia: Pas, Present And Future, New Zealand Journal of AsianStudies,11, 1 (June 2009): 304-317.
  • Caspi,Amnon&Kastiel, Ruth(2006), Industrial relations in the Middle East, Global Industrial Relations, Edited by Michael J. Morley, Patrick Gunnigleand David G. Collings. Routledge, London and New York, ss.106-123
  • Clement,David&Bromberg, Mordy(2004),Trade Union Rights Centre, Jakarta, Indonesia, International Union Rights, Vol. 11, No. 2 (2004), pp. 18-19 https://www.jstor.org/stable/41937343?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_conten ts (Erişim Tarihi:30.09.2018)
  • ÇSGB (2018),6356 Sayılı Sendikalar ve toplu İş Sözleşmesi Kanunu Gereğince İşkollarındaki İşçi Sayıları ve Sendikaların Üye Sayılarına İlişkin 2018 Temmuz Ayı İstatistikleri Hakkında Tebliğ, https://www.csgb.gov.tr/media/9911/28072018-resmi-gazete.pdf Erişim Tarihi:30.09.2018)
  • ÇSGB (2018), 4688 Sayılı Kamu Görevlileri Sendikaları ve Toplu Sözleşme Kanunu Gereğince Kamu Görevlileri Sendikaları Konfederasyonların Üye Sayılarına İlişkin 2018 Temmuz İstatistikleri Hakkında Teblig http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/07/20180707-15.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:30.09.2018)
  • DİSKAR (2019), Sendikalaşma Araştırması (2013-2018), Şubat, İstanbul
  • Ghayur, Sabur (2009),Evolution of the Industrial Relations System in Pakistan, Cornell University, DigitalCommons@ILR https://digitalcommons.ilr.cornell.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1079&c ontext=intl (Erişim Tarihi: 07.03.2019)
  • Gülmez, Mesut (2005), Sendikal Haklarda Uyum Sorunu, Belediye-İş Yayınları, AB’ye Sosyal Uyum Dizisi, Ankara
  • Harper, Elizabheth&Bevilacqua, Catherine&Tatulashvili(2014),Analysis of Labour Rights and Employment: Iran’s International Human Rights Obligations, Human Rights in Iran Unit, University of Essex
  • Islam, Farmin&Md. Asaduzzaman (2015), Legal Framework for Trade Unionism in Bangladesh, Journal of Humanities And Social Science (IOSRJHSS), Volume 20, Issue 11, Ver. III (Nov. 2015) PP 13-19
  • ITUC,(2018), Global Right Index, The World’s Worst Countries for Workers, https://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/ituc-global-rights-index-2018-en-final2.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:29.09.2018).
  • ITUC(2017),ITUC Global Rights Index, The World’s Worst Countries for Workers, https://www.ituc-csi.org/IMG/pdf/survey_ra_2017_eng-1.pdf (Erişim Tarihi:10.12.2018)
  • LDDHI (League for the Defence of Human Rights in Iran), (2013), Right to Work, Labour Rights &Trade Unions In Iran, Alternative Report on The Implementation of The International Covenant on Economic, Social And Cultural Rights In The Islamic Republic of Iran, 50th Session of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights 29 April – 17 May 2013, Geneva
  • Parasuraman, Balakrishnan. &Schwimbersky, Sandra. (2005), Present Scenario of Malaysian Industrial Relations: Accommodating Orconİctual. International Society for Labour and Social Security Law: 8th Asian Regional Congress Proceedings pp. 295-312.
  • Petrol-İş (2011), Mısır’da Sendikal Hareket http://arsiv.petrolis.org.tr/dis_iliskiler/2011/foto/disiliskiler_dosya01.pdf (Erşim Tarihi:25.09.2018)
  • PSI(2016),Trade Union Rights In the Asia-Pacific Region Report, Prepared for Public Services International (PSI) http://www.worldpsi.org/sites/default/files/en_psi_turs_ap_updated.pdf (ErişimTarihi:20.08.2018)
  • Rachawati, Riani(2009),Trade Unions Behaviour Towards Multinatıonals In Indonesia, A Thesis Submitted To The University Of Birmingham ForThe Degree Of Doctor of Philosophy, December 2009 http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/750/1/Rachmawati10PhD.pdf. (Erişim Tarihi:19.09.2018)
  • Ramasamy,Nagiah (2008), The Future of TheTrade Union Movement in Malaysia, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/237648200_THE_FUTURE_OF_TH E_TR ADE_UNION_MOVEMENT_IN_MALAYSIA (Erişim tarihi:11.09.2018)
  • Riser, Natacha Wexels(2004),National Labour Law Profile:Islamic Republic of Pakistan https://www.ilo.org/ifpdial/information-resources/nationallabour-law-profiles/WCMS_158916/lang--en/index.htm (Erişim Tarihi:12.09.2018)
  • Syed, Jawad (2008), An Islamic perspective of industrial relations: the case of Pakistan. Journal of Management, Spirituality and Religion, 5(4): 417-440.
  • Yorgun, Sayım (2018), Influence of Economic and Political Changes on Industrial Relations Between Turkey and Azerbaija, Comparative Capitalism and the Transitional Periphery, Edited by Mehmet Demirbağ, Edwar Elgar, pp.148-172
  • Yorgun, Sayım (2011), Grevsiz Toplu Pazarlık Hakkı ve Aidat Bağımlılığı Kıskacında Memur Sendikaları, Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları, Sayı: 60, 2011/1, ss. 161–184.
  • Yorgun, Sayım (2005), Küreselleşme Sürecinde Türk Sendikacılığında Yeni Yönelişler ve Alternatif Öneriler, Çalışma ve Toplum Dergisi, 2005/3, ss.137-161
  • Zaim, Sabahattin (2005), Türkiye’nin Yirminci Yüzyılı, İşçi-İşveren Kuruluşlarının Sosyo-Ekonomik Önemi, İşaret Yayınları 104/3, ss.16-34
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Sayım Yorgun This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 3 Issue: 62

Cite

APA Yorgun, S. (2019). İslam Ülkelerinde Sendikal Haklar ve Yaşanan Sorunlar. Çalışma Ve Toplum, 3(62), 1707-1736.
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