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İşyerlerindeki Yıldırma Eylemlerini Önlenmede Sendikaların Rolü: Nitel Bir Araştırma

Year 2012, Volume: 4 Issue: 35, 41 - 72, 01.01.2012

Abstract

Son yıllarda dünyanın her tarafında yaygın hale gelen işyerlerindeki yıldırma eylemleri, giderek daha fazla çalışanı etkisi altına almaktadır. Bu olumsuz eylemlerin hedefi olan tüm çalışanlar, yıldırma süreci boyunca kendilerini yalnız ve çaresiz hissetmektedir. Yıldırma olgusu, sadece güvenlik ve sağlık sorunu değil, aynı zamanda çalışma hakkı ve sendika sorunudur. Yıldırma karşıtı politikaların belirlenmesinde sendikalar, anahtar konuma sahiptir. Bu nedenle yıldırının önlenmesinde önemli rol oynayabilirler. Sendikalar, üyelerine yeterli destek vermek ve yardımcı olmak için bu olguyu tanımak ve bilinçli davranmak zorundadır. Bu çalışma sendikaların, yıldırma eylemlerine dönük farkındalıklarını keşfetmeyi amaçlamıştır. Araştırmada derinlemesine mülakat yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi, Bolu ilinde faaliyeti olan eğitim, öğretim ve bilim hizmetleri ile sağlık ve sosyal hizmet kollarında çalışan tüm sendikaları kapsamıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre sendika yetkililerinin yıldırma olgusu hakkındaki bilinci yetersizdir. Yıldırma eylemleri, sendikaya üye olmaya ve sendika üyeliğini değiştirmeye zorlanmak gibi sendikal ilişkilerden etkilenmektedir. Yıldırının önlenmesinde anahtar rol üstlenmesi gereken sendikalar, tam tersine yıldırma eylemlerinin sebebi olarak görülmektedir

References

  • Aquino, K., Grover, S. L., Bradfield, M. and Allen, D. G. (1999). “The Effects of Negative Affectivity, Hierarchical Status, and Self-Determination on Workplace Victimization”. Academy of Management, vol.42 (3), pp. 260- 272.
  • Barash, S. S. (2006). “Tripping the Prom Queen: The Truth About Women and Rivalry. St Martin’s Press. Aktaran: Spindel Patricia, (2008). Psychological Warfare at Work. Spindel & Associates Inc. Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Baillien, E., Neyens, I. and De Witte, H. (2008). “Organizational, Team Related and Job Related Risk Factors for Bullying, Violence and Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study”, International Journal of Organisational Behaviour, vol. 13(2), July-December, 132-146. http://www.usq.edu.au/business/ research/ijob/articles (04-02-2011 ).
  • Canada Safety Council (2010). Bullying in the Workplace. http://safety-council. org/workplace-safety/bullying-in-the-workplace/ (24- 06- 2010).
  • Cemaloğlu, N. ve Ertürk, A. (2008). “Öğretmen ve Okul Müdürlerinin Maruz Kaldıkları Yıldırmanın Yönü”. Bilig/Türk Dünyası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (46), ss., 67-86.
  • Cox, L. (2004). Mobbing, Raising Awareness on Women Victims of Mobbing: The UK Perspective. Report on Research, Daphne Programme European Commission.
  • Cusack, S. (2000). “Workplace Bullying: Icebergs in Sight Soundings Needed”, The Lancet, vol: 356, Issue: 9248, p. 2118.
  • Çivilidağ, A. ve Sargın, N. (2011). “Farklı Ortaöğretim Kurumlarında Çalışan Öğretmenlerde Psikolojik Taciz (Mobbing): Antalya İli Örneği”. Uluslararası Avrasya Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Yıl: 2, Sayı: 3, ss., 11-22.
  • Çöl, Özen Serap (2008). “İşyerinde Psikolojik Şiddet: Hastane Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Çalışma ve Toplum, Sayı: 19 (4), ss., 107-134.
  • Davenport, N., Schwartz, R. D. and Eliot, G. P. (1999). Mobbing Emotional Abuse in the American Workplace. Civil Society Publishing. Ames, Iowa.
  • European Foundation (2004). Prevalence of Violence, Intimidation and Harassment. http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/ewco/reports/TN0406TR01/TN0406TR01_4.h tm (17- 03- 2009).
  • European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (2008). http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/publications/htmlfiles/ef0874.htm (05-08-2011).
  • European Parliament Report (2001). On Harassment at the Workplaces 2001/2339 INI, Rapporteur: Jan Andersson. http://www.lawandwomen.ch/de/pdf/literatur/european. pdf (18-09-2010).
  • Einarsen, S. ve Skogstad, A. (1996). “Bullying at Work: Epidemiological Findings in Public and Private Organizations”. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5 (2), 185-201.
  • Hartig, K. and Frosch, J. (2006). “Workplace Mobbing Syndrome: The ‘Silent and Unseen’ Occupational Hazard”, http://www.qwws.org.au/filestore/OWOL%20Papers/ PDF/ Hartig %20and%20Frosch%20paper%20FINAL.pdf. (07- 01- 2009).
  • International Labour Organization (2009). Brochure - Providing Safe and Healthy Workplaces for Both Women and Men. http://www.ilo.org/gender/Events/lang--en/docName--CMS_105060/index.htm (25-02-2012).
  • Jiménez-Moreno, B., Muṅoz Rodriguez, A., Salin, D. and Benadero Morante, E.M. (2008). “Workplace Bullying in Southern Europe: Prevalence, Forms and Risk Groups in a Spanish Sample” International Journal of Organisational Behaviour, July- December, vol. 13 (2), 95-109. http://www.usq.edu.au/~/media/USQ/Business/ Journals/Paper6morenojiminezpdf.ashx (10-01-2011).
  • Karaca, Gökçek, N. (2009). “AB Ülkelerinde İşyerinde Psikolojik Tacizin Boyutları, Psikolojik Tacizle Mücadele ve Bu Mücadelede Sendikaların Rolü”, Çimento İşveren, Sayı: 5, Cilt: 23, Eylül, ss., 26-45.
  • Keashly, L. (1998). “Emotional Abuse in the Workplace: Conceptual and Empirical Issues”. Journal of Emotional Abuse. 1, pp., 85- 117.
  • Kelly, D. J. (2005). Reviewing Workplace Bullying: Strengthening Approaches to a Complex Phenomenon, University of Wollongong. Faculty of Arts- Papers. http:// ro.uow. edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1023&context=artspapers (25-03-2009).
  • Kazancı, M. (2011). Kamuda ve Özel Kesimde Halkla İlişkiler. 9.Baskı, Turhan Kitapevi, Ankara.
  • Kohut, M. R. (2008). Understanding, Controlling, and Stopping Bullies & Bullying at Work, Atlantic Publishing Group, Inc. Ocala, Florida.
  • Koukoulaki, T. (2002). “Stress Prevention in Europe: Review of Trade Union Activities- Obstacles and Future Strategies”. Newsletter of the European Trade Union Technical Bureau for Health and Safety, No:19-20, September.
  • Labour Research Department Publication (2001). Bullying and Harassment at Work a Trade Unionist’s Guide, London.
  • Lewis, D. (2000). “Workplace Bullying- A Case of Moral Panic?” Transcending Boundaries: Integrating People, Processes and Systems. Edited by M. Sheehan, S. Ramsay & J. Patrick, Brisbane: Griffith University, pp, 38- 48. http://www4.gu.edu. au/ tandl/ 2005/michellebarker/resources/Publications/Transcending_Boundaries.pdf#page = 38 (16- 02- 2009).
  • Leymann, H. (1990). “Mobbing and Psychological Terror at Workplaces”, Violence and Victims, Vol:5, No:2, ss., 119-126.
  • Leymann, H. (1996 a). “The Content and development of mobbing at work”, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol:5, No: 2, ss., 165-184.
  • Leymann, H. (1996 b). “The Mobbing Encyclopaedia Bullying; Whistleblowing Some Historical Notes: Research and the Term Mobbing”. (http://www.leymann. se/English/00004E.HTM);(http://www.leymann.se/English/11110E.HTM) http://www. leymann.se /English/12100E.HTM (16- 03- 2009).
  • Lordoğlu, K. (2004). “Türkiye’de Mevcut Bazı Sendikaların Liderlik ve Yönetim Anlayışları ve Bazı Sendikal Sorunlardan Örnekler”, Çalışma ve Toplum, Sayı:1, ss., 81-96.
  • Mayhew, C. and Mc Carthy, P. (2005). “Occupational Violence/ Bullying in Public Service Organizations”. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety, Australia and New Zealand, 21, (1), pp, 33- 42.
  • Mc Carthy, P. and Rylance, J. (2001). “The Bullying Challenge”. Bullying From Backyard to Boardroom. 2. Edition, Edited: Mc Carthy, P. and Rylance, J. The Federation Press. pp. xi-xxx.
  • Namie, G. ve Namie, R. (2000). The Bully at Work, What You Can Do to Stop the Hurst and Reclaim Your Dignity on the Job. Naperville Illinois: Sourcebooks.
  • Paparella, D., Rinolfi, V. and Cecchini, F. (2004). “Mobbing in Italy”. http://www.eurofound. europa.eu/eiro/2004/02/feature/it0402104f.htm. (01-10-2010).
  • Salin, D. (2003). “Bullying and Organisational Politics in Competitive and Rapidly Changing Work Environments”. International Journal of Management and Decision Making, 4, 1, pp 35- 46.
  • Salin, D. (2005). “Workplace Bullying Among Business Professionals: Prevalence, Gender Differences and the Role of Organizational Politics”. Pistes, Vol.7, No:3 http://www.pistes.uqam. ca/v7n3/pdf/v7n3a2en.pdf (12-06-2010).
  • Shallcross, L. (2003). “The Workplace Mobbing Syndrome, Response and Prevention in the Public sector”. http://www.qwws.org.au/NewFiles/Shallcross%20paper.htm (05-06-2004).
  • Spindel, P. (2008). Psychological Warfare at Work. How Harassers and Bullies Injure Individuals and Organizations. Spindel & Associates Inc. Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Urhan, B. ve Selamoğlu, A. (2008). “İşçilerin Sendikalara Yönelik Tutum ve Davranışları: Kocaeli Örneği”. Çalışma ve Toplum, Sayı: 3, ss., 171-197.
  • Vartia, M. (1996). “The Sources of Bullying- Psychological Work Environment and Organizational “Climate”. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5:2, pp. 203-214.
  • Walters, N. (2005). Daphne II, “Raising Awareness of Women Victims of Mobbing”, Comparative Report, October.
  • Walters, N. and Millar, L. (2005). Daphne II, “Raising Awareness of Women Victims of Mobbing”, United Kingdom National Report, October. http://www.surrey.ac.uk/ politics/cse/mobbing-II-National-Report-UK.doc (26-09-2010).
  • Workplace Bullying Institute (2010) “Survey”. http://www.workplacebullying.org/ 2010/09/05/2010_wbi_gender/ (15-12-2010).
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2006). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, 5. Baskı, Seçkin Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Yücetürk, E. E. (2005 a). “İş Yaşam Kalitesini ve Verimliliği Azaltan Gizli Bir Sendrom: Yıldırma (mobbing)”, İktisat, İşletme ve Finans Dergisi, Sayı: 231, s.97- 108.
  • Yücetürk, E. E. (2005 b). “Örgütlerde Küresel Bir Yönetim Sorunu: Yıldırma ve Cinsiyetle İlişkisi”, Çalışma Yaşamında Dönüşümler, Örgütsel Bakış, Ed. Aşkın Keser, II. Baskı, Nobel Yayınları, İstanbul, ss, 243-266.
  • Yücetürk, E. E. (2007). “Kamu Yönetiminde Etik Bir Sorun: Yıldırma (Mobbing)”. Kamu Yönetiminin Yapısal ve İşlevsel Sorunları. Ed: M. Akif Çukurçayır ve Gülise Gökçe. I.Baskı, Çizgi Kitapevi, Konya, ss, 215- 244.
  • Zapt, D., Knorz, C. ve Kulla, M. (1996). “On the Relationship Between Mobbing Factors, and Job Content, Social Work Environment, and Health Outcoms”. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5 (2), 215-237.
  • Zapt, D. (2006). “Managing Conflict Escalation in the Workplace”, 13th September 2006, South Australian College of Organisational Psychologists. Adelaide, Australia. http://stopbullyingsa.com.au/documents/Adelaide-bullying-2006-09-13.ppt. (20- 03- 2009).

The Role of Trade Unions in Preventing of Mobbing in the Workplaces: A Qualitative Research

Year 2012, Volume: 4 Issue: 35, 41 - 72, 01.01.2012

Abstract

In recent years, the mobbing actions in the workplaces have become increasingly widespread and affected more employees all around the world. All employees who are the target of these negative actions are feeling isolated and helpless during the process of mobbing. The phenomenon of mobbing is not only a safety and health issue; but also it is the issue of the right to work and trade union. The trade unions have a key position in the process of determination of anti-mobbing policies. Therefore, they can play important roles in helping to prevent mobbing. The trade unions must know the phenomenon of mobbing and act consciously to provide adequate support and assistance to their members. This study aimed to explore the awareness of the trade unions about the acts of mobbing in the workplaces. In this study, it was used in-depth interview method. The sample of research consist of all the trade unions in Bolu, which are active in the fields of education and science, health and social services. According to the findings of the study, trade unions officials have a lack of awareness about the phenomenon of mobbing. Mobbing actions were affected by trade union relations, such as being forced to become union member and pressure to change the membership of the trade union. Trade unions require to undertake a key role in the prevention of mobbing; on the contrary, they are seen as the reason for the actions of mobbing

References

  • Aquino, K., Grover, S. L., Bradfield, M. and Allen, D. G. (1999). “The Effects of Negative Affectivity, Hierarchical Status, and Self-Determination on Workplace Victimization”. Academy of Management, vol.42 (3), pp. 260- 272.
  • Barash, S. S. (2006). “Tripping the Prom Queen: The Truth About Women and Rivalry. St Martin’s Press. Aktaran: Spindel Patricia, (2008). Psychological Warfare at Work. Spindel & Associates Inc. Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Baillien, E., Neyens, I. and De Witte, H. (2008). “Organizational, Team Related and Job Related Risk Factors for Bullying, Violence and Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: A Qualitative Study”, International Journal of Organisational Behaviour, vol. 13(2), July-December, 132-146. http://www.usq.edu.au/business/ research/ijob/articles (04-02-2011 ).
  • Canada Safety Council (2010). Bullying in the Workplace. http://safety-council. org/workplace-safety/bullying-in-the-workplace/ (24- 06- 2010).
  • Cemaloğlu, N. ve Ertürk, A. (2008). “Öğretmen ve Okul Müdürlerinin Maruz Kaldıkları Yıldırmanın Yönü”. Bilig/Türk Dünyası Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, (46), ss., 67-86.
  • Cox, L. (2004). Mobbing, Raising Awareness on Women Victims of Mobbing: The UK Perspective. Report on Research, Daphne Programme European Commission.
  • Cusack, S. (2000). “Workplace Bullying: Icebergs in Sight Soundings Needed”, The Lancet, vol: 356, Issue: 9248, p. 2118.
  • Çivilidağ, A. ve Sargın, N. (2011). “Farklı Ortaöğretim Kurumlarında Çalışan Öğretmenlerde Psikolojik Taciz (Mobbing): Antalya İli Örneği”. Uluslararası Avrasya Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, Yıl: 2, Sayı: 3, ss., 11-22.
  • Çöl, Özen Serap (2008). “İşyerinde Psikolojik Şiddet: Hastane Çalışanları Üzerine Bir Araştırma”. Çalışma ve Toplum, Sayı: 19 (4), ss., 107-134.
  • Davenport, N., Schwartz, R. D. and Eliot, G. P. (1999). Mobbing Emotional Abuse in the American Workplace. Civil Society Publishing. Ames, Iowa.
  • European Foundation (2004). Prevalence of Violence, Intimidation and Harassment. http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/ewco/reports/TN0406TR01/TN0406TR01_4.h tm (17- 03- 2009).
  • European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (2008). http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/publications/htmlfiles/ef0874.htm (05-08-2011).
  • European Parliament Report (2001). On Harassment at the Workplaces 2001/2339 INI, Rapporteur: Jan Andersson. http://www.lawandwomen.ch/de/pdf/literatur/european. pdf (18-09-2010).
  • Einarsen, S. ve Skogstad, A. (1996). “Bullying at Work: Epidemiological Findings in Public and Private Organizations”. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5 (2), 185-201.
  • Hartig, K. and Frosch, J. (2006). “Workplace Mobbing Syndrome: The ‘Silent and Unseen’ Occupational Hazard”, http://www.qwws.org.au/filestore/OWOL%20Papers/ PDF/ Hartig %20and%20Frosch%20paper%20FINAL.pdf. (07- 01- 2009).
  • International Labour Organization (2009). Brochure - Providing Safe and Healthy Workplaces for Both Women and Men. http://www.ilo.org/gender/Events/lang--en/docName--CMS_105060/index.htm (25-02-2012).
  • Jiménez-Moreno, B., Muṅoz Rodriguez, A., Salin, D. and Benadero Morante, E.M. (2008). “Workplace Bullying in Southern Europe: Prevalence, Forms and Risk Groups in a Spanish Sample” International Journal of Organisational Behaviour, July- December, vol. 13 (2), 95-109. http://www.usq.edu.au/~/media/USQ/Business/ Journals/Paper6morenojiminezpdf.ashx (10-01-2011).
  • Karaca, Gökçek, N. (2009). “AB Ülkelerinde İşyerinde Psikolojik Tacizin Boyutları, Psikolojik Tacizle Mücadele ve Bu Mücadelede Sendikaların Rolü”, Çimento İşveren, Sayı: 5, Cilt: 23, Eylül, ss., 26-45.
  • Keashly, L. (1998). “Emotional Abuse in the Workplace: Conceptual and Empirical Issues”. Journal of Emotional Abuse. 1, pp., 85- 117.
  • Kelly, D. J. (2005). Reviewing Workplace Bullying: Strengthening Approaches to a Complex Phenomenon, University of Wollongong. Faculty of Arts- Papers. http:// ro.uow. edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1023&context=artspapers (25-03-2009).
  • Kazancı, M. (2011). Kamuda ve Özel Kesimde Halkla İlişkiler. 9.Baskı, Turhan Kitapevi, Ankara.
  • Kohut, M. R. (2008). Understanding, Controlling, and Stopping Bullies & Bullying at Work, Atlantic Publishing Group, Inc. Ocala, Florida.
  • Koukoulaki, T. (2002). “Stress Prevention in Europe: Review of Trade Union Activities- Obstacles and Future Strategies”. Newsletter of the European Trade Union Technical Bureau for Health and Safety, No:19-20, September.
  • Labour Research Department Publication (2001). Bullying and Harassment at Work a Trade Unionist’s Guide, London.
  • Lewis, D. (2000). “Workplace Bullying- A Case of Moral Panic?” Transcending Boundaries: Integrating People, Processes and Systems. Edited by M. Sheehan, S. Ramsay & J. Patrick, Brisbane: Griffith University, pp, 38- 48. http://www4.gu.edu. au/ tandl/ 2005/michellebarker/resources/Publications/Transcending_Boundaries.pdf#page = 38 (16- 02- 2009).
  • Leymann, H. (1990). “Mobbing and Psychological Terror at Workplaces”, Violence and Victims, Vol:5, No:2, ss., 119-126.
  • Leymann, H. (1996 a). “The Content and development of mobbing at work”, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, Vol:5, No: 2, ss., 165-184.
  • Leymann, H. (1996 b). “The Mobbing Encyclopaedia Bullying; Whistleblowing Some Historical Notes: Research and the Term Mobbing”. (http://www.leymann. se/English/00004E.HTM);(http://www.leymann.se/English/11110E.HTM) http://www. leymann.se /English/12100E.HTM (16- 03- 2009).
  • Lordoğlu, K. (2004). “Türkiye’de Mevcut Bazı Sendikaların Liderlik ve Yönetim Anlayışları ve Bazı Sendikal Sorunlardan Örnekler”, Çalışma ve Toplum, Sayı:1, ss., 81-96.
  • Mayhew, C. and Mc Carthy, P. (2005). “Occupational Violence/ Bullying in Public Service Organizations”. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety, Australia and New Zealand, 21, (1), pp, 33- 42.
  • Mc Carthy, P. and Rylance, J. (2001). “The Bullying Challenge”. Bullying From Backyard to Boardroom. 2. Edition, Edited: Mc Carthy, P. and Rylance, J. The Federation Press. pp. xi-xxx.
  • Namie, G. ve Namie, R. (2000). The Bully at Work, What You Can Do to Stop the Hurst and Reclaim Your Dignity on the Job. Naperville Illinois: Sourcebooks.
  • Paparella, D., Rinolfi, V. and Cecchini, F. (2004). “Mobbing in Italy”. http://www.eurofound. europa.eu/eiro/2004/02/feature/it0402104f.htm. (01-10-2010).
  • Salin, D. (2003). “Bullying and Organisational Politics in Competitive and Rapidly Changing Work Environments”. International Journal of Management and Decision Making, 4, 1, pp 35- 46.
  • Salin, D. (2005). “Workplace Bullying Among Business Professionals: Prevalence, Gender Differences and the Role of Organizational Politics”. Pistes, Vol.7, No:3 http://www.pistes.uqam. ca/v7n3/pdf/v7n3a2en.pdf (12-06-2010).
  • Shallcross, L. (2003). “The Workplace Mobbing Syndrome, Response and Prevention in the Public sector”. http://www.qwws.org.au/NewFiles/Shallcross%20paper.htm (05-06-2004).
  • Spindel, P. (2008). Psychological Warfare at Work. How Harassers and Bullies Injure Individuals and Organizations. Spindel & Associates Inc. Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Urhan, B. ve Selamoğlu, A. (2008). “İşçilerin Sendikalara Yönelik Tutum ve Davranışları: Kocaeli Örneği”. Çalışma ve Toplum, Sayı: 3, ss., 171-197.
  • Vartia, M. (1996). “The Sources of Bullying- Psychological Work Environment and Organizational “Climate”. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5:2, pp. 203-214.
  • Walters, N. (2005). Daphne II, “Raising Awareness of Women Victims of Mobbing”, Comparative Report, October.
  • Walters, N. and Millar, L. (2005). Daphne II, “Raising Awareness of Women Victims of Mobbing”, United Kingdom National Report, October. http://www.surrey.ac.uk/ politics/cse/mobbing-II-National-Report-UK.doc (26-09-2010).
  • Workplace Bullying Institute (2010) “Survey”. http://www.workplacebullying.org/ 2010/09/05/2010_wbi_gender/ (15-12-2010).
  • Yıldırım, A. ve Şimşek, H. (2006). Sosyal Bilimlerde Nitel Araştırma Yöntemleri, 5. Baskı, Seçkin Kitabevi, Ankara.
  • Yücetürk, E. E. (2005 a). “İş Yaşam Kalitesini ve Verimliliği Azaltan Gizli Bir Sendrom: Yıldırma (mobbing)”, İktisat, İşletme ve Finans Dergisi, Sayı: 231, s.97- 108.
  • Yücetürk, E. E. (2005 b). “Örgütlerde Küresel Bir Yönetim Sorunu: Yıldırma ve Cinsiyetle İlişkisi”, Çalışma Yaşamında Dönüşümler, Örgütsel Bakış, Ed. Aşkın Keser, II. Baskı, Nobel Yayınları, İstanbul, ss, 243-266.
  • Yücetürk, E. E. (2007). “Kamu Yönetiminde Etik Bir Sorun: Yıldırma (Mobbing)”. Kamu Yönetiminin Yapısal ve İşlevsel Sorunları. Ed: M. Akif Çukurçayır ve Gülise Gökçe. I.Baskı, Çizgi Kitapevi, Konya, ss, 215- 244.
  • Zapt, D., Knorz, C. ve Kulla, M. (1996). “On the Relationship Between Mobbing Factors, and Job Content, Social Work Environment, and Health Outcoms”. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 5 (2), 215-237.
  • Zapt, D. (2006). “Managing Conflict Escalation in the Workplace”, 13th September 2006, South Australian College of Organisational Psychologists. Adelaide, Australia. http://stopbullyingsa.com.au/documents/Adelaide-bullying-2006-09-13.ppt. (20- 03- 2009).
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

E. Elif Yücetürk This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 4 Issue: 35

Cite

APA Yücetürk, E. E. (2012). İşyerlerindeki Yıldırma Eylemlerini Önlenmede Sendikaların Rolü: Nitel Bir Araştırma. Çalışma Ve Toplum, 4(35), 41-72.

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