Haverkamp Modelin 4 Terimli Uzantısını Kullanılarak Teras Zeminin Doygun Hidrolik İletkenlik ve Sorptivite Tayini

Year 2021, Volume: 36 Issue: 3, 827 - 833, 30.09.2021

Deniz Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.21605/cukurovaumfd.1005814

Abstract

Uzunçayır su tutma barajı Tunceli ilinde bulunmaktadır. Türkiye'nin doğusundaki bu yarı kurak dağlık bölge erozyona eğilimlidir. Bu fenomenle mücadele etmek için Munzur Üniversitesi kampüsü sınırlarına boyunca, eğimli yamaçlara teraslar inşa edilmiştir ve çam ağaçları dikilmiştir. Amaç iki yönlüdür, bir yandan toprak erozyonunu önlemek ve barajı sediment birikintilerinden korumak, diğer yandan yağmur suyunun sızmasını ve eğimli toprağın bitki örtüsünü teşvik etmektir. Ancak terasların zaman içindeki sözde eko-fonksiyonları kanıtlanamamıştır. Terasların zaman ve mekâna göre infiltrasyon kapasitelerinizlenmesi, bunların havza hidrolojisine katkılarını ve toprak erozyonu üzerindeki etkilerinin daha iyi anlaşılmasını sağlayacaktır. Beerkan infiltrasyon tekniği basit ve ucuz deneysel protokoller sunar. Ayrıca, bu tür verilerin analiz yöntemleri sürekli olarak gelişmektedir. Son zamanlarda, Haverkamp’ın implisit kümülatif infiltrasyon denkleminin dört terimli uzantısı önerildi. Bu karmaşık fakat sağlam formülasyon, bu çalışmada Tunceli'deki teras toprağının zemin sorptivitesini ve doymuş hidrolik iletkenliğini tahmin etmek için kullanılmıştır. Çalışılan alanın ortalama Ks değeri 0,0112 mm/s ve standart sapma 0,0852 mm/s olarak tahmin edildi. Zeminin sorptivitesi S 2,1227 mm/s 0,5 ortalama değeri ve 0,5855 mm/s 0,5 standart sapması ile belirlenmiştir. Kullanılan modelin deneysel verileri ile uyumu mükemmeldi. Yeni model kullanılarak S ve Ks’nin hızlı ve sağlam bir şekilde tahmin edilmesinin mümkün olduğunu gösterdi.

Keywords

: Beerkan infiltrasyon, Teras zemin, Ters yöntem, Zemin hidrolik özellikleri

Estimation of the Soil Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity and Soil Sorptivity of Terraced Soil Using Four-Term Expansions of the Haverkamp Model

Abstract

Uzunçayır water retention Dam is located in the Tunceli province. This semi-arid mountainous region in eastern Turkey is prone to erosion. To combat this phenomenon, terraces along the edge of the Munzur University campus were built on sloping ground with pine plantations. The objective is twofold, on the one hand to mitigate soil erosion and protect the dam from sediments deposits, and on the other hand to promote the infiltration of rainwater and the vegetation of the sloping soil. However, the so-called ecofunctions of the terraces over the time are not proven. Monitoring the infiltration capacities of the terraces over time and space will allow a better understanding of their contribution to the hydrology of the watershed and their effect on soil erosion. The Beerkan infiltration technique offers simple and inexpensive experimental protocols. In addition, treatment methods are constantly improving. More recently, the four-term expansion of the implicit Haverkamp cumulative infiltration equation has been proposed. This complicated but robust formulation was used in this study to estimate the soil sorptivity S and saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks of terrace soil at Tunceli. The average Ks value of studied site was estimated to be 0.0852 mm/s with a standard deviation of 0.0112 mm/s. The soil sorptivity values were more extensive with mean value of 2.1227 mm/s0.5 and a standard deviation of 0.5855 mm/s0.5. The fit of the model used was perfect, showing that fast and robust estimation of S and Ks are possible using the new model.

Keywords

Beerkan infiltration, Terrace soil, Inverse solution, Soil hydraulic properties

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