A Study of Total Protein Content in some Oak and Rose Species with and without Galls

Year 2012, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 1 - 19, 22.02.2012

Sevgi Daştan , Nuray Zonus İbrahim Yalçın Taner Daştan

Abstract

Plant galls are an abnormal growth pattern that plants develop as a defense reaction to irritations and negative nutritional physiology caused by insects, nematodes, mites, bacteria and fungi living in a parasitic or symbiotic relationship with the plant. Many of the most complex and organized galls are created by gall wasps (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae). The most common cynipid types are seen in oak and rose species. In this research, samples of leaves, fruit and shoot galls were collected from oak and rose species, some of which create these galls intensely. Total protein levels were calculated using four methods: Bradford Micro Assay, Biuret, Lowry methods and UV spectrophotometer at 260/280 nm. The results were compared in terms of the protein levels of plants with or without galls, and of the four different methods used. Total protein was significantly higher in plants with galls than those with no galls. Protein content in oaks was double that of roses. When the data were analyzed by months, higher protein content was observed in september for oaks, and in august for rose hips.

Keywords

Gall, Rosa sp., Quercus sp., Cynipidae, Total protein content

Bazı Meşe ve Gül Türlerinin Galli ve Galsiz Bireylerindeki, Total Protein İçeriğinin Farklı Yöntemler Kullanılarak Araştırılması

Abstract

Parazit veya simbiyoz olarak bitki üzerinde yaşayan böcek, nematod, akar, bakteri ya da mantarların neden olduğu tahriş ve beslenme fizyolojisinden doğan olumsuzluklara karşı bitkilerin savunma tepkimesi olarak oluşturdukları anormal büyüme şekli gal olarak tanımlanmaktadır. En kompleks, en iyi organize olmuş gallerin birçoğu, gal arıları (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) tarafından meydana getirilirler. En çok tanınan cynipid galleri gül ve meşelerde yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada; Sivas çevresinde yetişen, bazı meşe ve gül türlerinin, gal oluşturmayan ve yoğun olarak sürgün ve meyva gali oluşturan bireylerinden yaprak, meyva ve sürgün gal örnekleri toplanmıştır. Yaprak, meyva ve gallerdeki total protein miktarları, Bradford Mikro Assay, Biüret, Lowry yöntemleri ve ayrıca Ultraviyole (UV) spektrofotometresi kullanılarak 280 nm de ölçümleri yapılmak suretiyle hesaplanmıştır. Bu şekilde elde edilen veriler üzerinden hem galli ve galsiz bireyler arasındaki protein miktarları açısından farklılıklar hem de kullanılan dört farklı yöntem arasındaki farklılıklar karşılaştırılmıştır. Yapılan deneyler sonucunda; galli bireylerdeki total protein miktarının galsiz bireylere göre anlamlı şekilde fazla olduğu saptanmıştır. Yine meşelerdeki protein içeriğinin güllerdeki protein içeriğine göre yaklaşık 2 katı değerlerde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Aylara göre protein içeriğindeki farklılıklara baktığımızda ise, meşeler için eylül ayında, kuşburnu bitkisi için ise ağustos ayında daha fazla protein içeriği tespit edilmiştir. 

Keywords

Gal, Rosa sp., Quercus sp., Cynipidae, Total protein içeriği

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