The protective role of grape seed extract against chronic toxicity of benzene in swiss albino mice

Year 2014, Volume: 35 Issue: 1, 1 - 11, 19.03.2014

Kültiğin Çavuşoğlu , Emine Yalçın Kürşad Yapar Birgül Gür Figen Çiçek

Abstract

The protective role of grape seed extract against chronic toxicity of benzene in swiss albino mice

Abstract

Benzene is an aromatic hydrocarbon often used for industrial purposes. The objective of the present study was to investigate the possible in vivo protective effects of grape seed extract (GSE) against benzene-induced toxicity in Swiss albino mice. 36 mice were divided into six groups of six animals of each, having free access to food and water ad libitum. The control group received distilled water alone, whereas mice in the treatment groups received GSE alone (50 or 150 mg/kg of body weight), benzene alone (250 mg/kg of body weight), or GSE + benzene for 50 weeks. All mice (100%) survived until the end of experiment and were sacrificed at the end of 24 hours. Bone marrow tissue was analyzed for micronucleus (MN) frequency, chromosomal aberrations (CAs), and pathological damages. Benzene alone–treated mice presented higher frequencies (P<.05) of MNs, CAs, and abnormal metaphases compared with the controls; moreover, the mitotic index was lower than in controls (P<.05). Oral treatment with GSE significantly ameliorated the indices of hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, and genotoxicity induced by benzene. Both doses of GSE tested provided significant protection against benzene induced toxicity, and its strongest effect was observed at the dose level of 150 mg/kg of body weight. Consequently, it was found that GSE has a significant protective effect against benzene-induced toxicity, and its protective effect is dose dependent.

Keywords

Benzene, chromosomal aberrations, grape seed, micronucleus, oxidative stres.

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