İslahiye Bölgesi Yabani Zeytin (Olea europaea L. var. oleaster) Yağlarının Kimyasal Karakterizasyonu, Yağ Asidi Profili ve Fenolik Madde İçeriği

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye'nin Gaziantep ili İslahiye ilçesinde doğal olarak yetişen yabani zeytin (Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea var. sylvestris) genotiplerinin fizikokimyasal özellikleri, yağ asidi bileşimi ve toplam fenolik madde içeriği değerlendirilmiştir. İslahiye yabani zeytin genotiplerinin toplam yağ oranı %3,84 ile %30,27 arasında değişmiş olup, en yüksek yağ verimini 27İ-14 genotipi sergilemiştir. Serbest yağ asitliği değerleri (oleik asit cinsinden) %0,16 ile %5,69 arasında varyasyon göstermiş ve 19 genotip Sızma Zeytinyağı (EVOO) standart eşiği olan <%0,8 limitine uygunluk sağlamıştır. Yağ asidi profili analizleri, oleik asidin (C18:1) baskın yağ asidi olduğunu (%48,63–%80,56) ortaya koymuş; bunu palmitik asit (C16:0) (%8,83–%22,65), linoleik asit (C18:2) (%4,26–%29,50) ve stearik asit (C18:0) (%1,90–%4,91) takip etmiştir. Toplam SFA, MUFA ve PUFA içerikleri sırasıyla %12,75–%25,92, %50,02–%81,82 ve %5,34–%30,72 arasında gerçekleşmiştir. Toplam fenolik madde içeriği 178,75 ile 668,00 mg CAE/100 g arasında değişerek en yüksek seviyeye 27İ-13 genotipinde ulaşmıştır. Bu sonuçlar, İslahiye yabani zeytin popülasyonlarının yüksek kaliteli yağ üretimi ve fonksiyonel gıda uygulamaları için taşıdığı önemli genetik potansiyeli vurgulamaktadır.

Keywords

• Yabani zeytin
• Olea europaea var. sylvestris
• Yağ asidi profili
• Oleik asit
• Toplam fenol

Supporting Institution

Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü

Project Number

[Project No: TAGEM/BBDB/16/A08/P06(1-2)].

Ethical Statement

Bu araştırmada insan denekler, klinik denemeler veya hayvanlar üzerinde deneyler yer almamıştır.

Thanks

Yazarlar, bu araştırma sırasında sağladığı destekten dolayı Tarım Araştırmaları ve Politikaları Genel Müdürlüğü’ne (TAGEM) teşekkür ederler.

Chemical Characterization, Fatty Acid Profile, and Phenolic Content of Wild Olive (Olea europaea L. var. oleaster) Oils from İslahiye Region

Abstract

This study evaluated the physicochemical characteristics, fatty acid composition, and total phenolic content of wild olive (Olea europaea L. subsp. europaea var. oleaster) genotypes naturally growing in the İslahiye district of Gaziantep, Türkiye. The total oil content of İslahiye wild olive genotypes ranged from 3.84% to 30.27%, with genotype 27İ-14 exhibiting the highest oil yield. Free fatty acidity values varied between 0.16% and 5.69% (as oleic acid), with 19 genotypes complying with the Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) standard threshold (<0.8%). Fatty acid profiles demonstrated oleic acid (C18:1) as the predominant fatty acid (48.63%–80.56%), followed by palmitic acid (C16:0) (8.83%–22.65%), linoleic acid (C18:2) (4.26%–29.50%), and stearic acid (C18:0) (1.90%–4.91%). Total SFA, MUFA, and PUFA contents ranged between 12.75%–25.92%, 50.02%–81.82%, and 5.34%–30.72%, respectively. High bio-accessibility of phenolic compounds was recorded, with total phenolic content ranging from 178.75 to 668.00 mg CAE/100 g, peaked in genotype 27İ-13. These results highlight the significant genetic potential of İslahiye oleaster populations for high-quality oil production and functional food applications

Keywords

• Wild olive
• Olea europaea var. oleaster
• İslahiye
• Fatty acid profile
• Oleic acid
• Total phenolics

Supporting Institution

General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM)

Project Number

[Project No: TAGEM/BBDB/16/A08/P06(1-2)].

Ethical Statement

Not applicable. This research did not involve human subjects, clinical trials, or animal experimentation.

Thanks

The authors would like to acknowledge General Directorate of Agricultural Research and Policies (TAGEM) for the support provided during this research

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