CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE FIXED AND ESSENTIAL OILS OF NIGELLA SATIVA L. FROM TURKEY

Year 2018, Volume: 1 Issue: 1, 19 - 27, 28.07.2018

Gülçin Akgören Palabıyık , Zehra Aytaç

Abstract

Nigella
sativa L. is an annual herbaceous
plant which has medicinal and culinary uses. 
The seeds and extracts have antioxidant and antimicrobial effects.
Besides, the seed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids. This research was
conducted to determine the essential and fixed oil components of ten Nigella sativa populations in Eskisehir
ecological conditions. Besides, yield component were also studied. Ten
population were used in the research. The experimental design was randomized
block design with three replications. 

Statistically
significant differences were found between populations in terms of seed yield and yield components.
The highest seed yield was obtained from Kozluca Town, Burdur population (1885
kg/ha), the highest fixed oil yield was obtained from Kure, Sogut, Bilecik
population (410.8 kg/ha).

Main essential oil components were 67.7 % thymoquinone, 8.4 % carvacrol,
4.8 % junipene, % 2.3 p-cymen, 1.9 % 4-Terpineol, 0.6 % longipinene, 0.5
% bornylacetate. The main unsaturated fatty acid was linoleic acid (39.20-43.74
%) followed by oleic acid (33.41-37.75 %).The total MUFAs, PUFAs, and SAFAs
compositions were between 36.31-38.55%, 39.27-44.17% and 19.51- 22.23%,
respectively. There were variations between populations in terms of seed yield
and yield components, essential and fixed oil composition. This differences
would be helpful for selecting genotypes in order to obtain new varieties with
high seed and fixed oil yields. In addition, high
amount of thymoquinone content in the essential oil was found for the Kure, Sogut, Bilecik
population.

Keywords

Nigella sativa, black cumin, fixed oil yield, fixed oil composition, essential oil components, thymoquinone

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