Antioxidant and Anticancer Effects of Malva verticillata Methanolic Extract

Abstract

Abstract Objectives: Malva verticillata (M. verticillata), growing in North Cyprus, is an edible plant known as "mallow" in public. Current literature does not contain any data about the anticancer and antioxidant activities of the M. verticillata plant grows in Northern Cyprus. Materials and Methods: In this study, M. verticillata methanolic extract was used to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and anticancer effects of the M. verticillata plant. The antioxidant potential of the Malva extract was determined using the α-diphenyl-p-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method, the total phenolic content (TPC) test, and the total flavonoid content (TFC) test. Besides, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay was used to investigate the anticancer potential of M. verticillata methanolic extract on MCF-7 cells. Results: The highest antioxidant activity of M. verticillata methanolic extract was found to be 69.35 ± 3.3% at 70 mg/ml. TFC was calculated as 502 ± 1.8 μg/ml extract and TPC 499 ± 7.5 μg/mg extract at 70 mg/ml. When the anticancer activity was evaluated, it was observed that the MCF-7 cell proliferation was significantly inhibited with the varying extract concentrations of M. verticillata. Conclusion: With this study, it has been shown that the methanolic extract of M. verticillata plant grown in Northern Cyprus has significant antioxidant and anticancer activity. Key words: Antioxidant, Anticancer, Breast cancer (MCF-7), Malva verticillata. Öz Amaç: Kuzey Kıbrıs'ta yetişen Malva verticillata (M. verticillata), halk arasında "ebegümeci" olarak da isimlendirilen ve yenilebilen bir bitki türüdür. Güncel literatür, Kuzey Kıbrıs'ta yetişen M. verticillata bitkisinin antikanser ve antioksidan özellikleri hakkında herhangi bir veri içermemektedir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada M. verticillata bitkisinin in vitro antioksidan ve antikanser potansiyelini araştırmak için M. verticillata metanolik ekstraktı kullanıldı. Ekstraktın antioksidan potansiyeli, α-difenil-p-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) serbest radikal süpürme yöntemi, toplam fenolik içerik (TPC) testi ve toplam flavonoid içerik (TFC) testi kullanılarak belirlendi. Ayrıca, M. verticillata metanolik ekstraktın MCF-7 meme kanseri hücreleri üzerindeki antikanser aktivitesini değerlendirmek üzere MTT yöntemi (3-(4,5- dimetiltiyazol-2-il)-2,5-difeniltetrazolyum bromid) kullanıldı. Bulgular: M. verticillata metanolik ekstraktın en yüksek antioksidan aktivitesi 70 mg/ml'de %69,35 ± %3,3 olarak bulundu. TPC, 70 mg/ml'de 499 ± 7.5 μg/mg ekstre ve TFC 502 ± 1.8 μg/ml ekstre olarak hesaplandı. Antikanser aktivitesi değerlendirildiği zaman, M. verticillata'nın değişen ekstre konsantrasyonlarının, MCF-7 meme kanseri hücrelerinin çoğalmasını önemli ölçüde inhibe ettiği gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma ile birrlikte Kuzey Kıbrıs'ta yetiştirilen M. verticillata bitkisinin metanolik ekstraktının önemli antioksidan ve antikanser aktivitesine sahip olduğu gösterilmiştir.

Keywords

• Antioksidan,
• Anticancer
• Breast cancer (MCF-7),

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