The Antioxidant Capacities of Leaf Extracts from Salvia viridis L.

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 127 - 135, 02.01.2023

Kemal Karamaya Belgin Coşge Şenkal

https://doi.org/10.38093/cupmap.1188295

Abstract

This research was conducted at Yozgat Bozok University to define the antioxidant activity of Salvia viridis L. grown in the field and in vitro conditions. The leaves of the plants grown under field conditions were collected in the pre-flowering period. The leaf extracts prepared with methanol were used in the analysis. DPPH (1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) free radical screening activity was used to identify antioxidant activity. The total phenolic, flavonoid, and DPPH IC50 values of S. viridis L. grown in the field and under in vitro conditions were found as 184.15 ± 36.70 mg GAE g-1 and 66.46 ± 0.19 mg GAE g-1, 212.92 ± 11.18 mg QE g-1 and 212.92 ± 11.18 mg QE g-1, 117.51 mg ml-1and 185.40 mg ml-1, respectively. According to the findings of this study, it was determined that leaves of S. viridis L. grown in field conditions exhibited more antioxidant activity than in vitro conditions.

Keywords

Salvia viridis L., Sage, Phenolic, DPPH, Tissue culture

References

• 1. Acikgoz, N., Ilker, E., Gokcol, A. (2004). Biyolojik Araştırmaların Bilgisayarda Değerlendirilmeleri, Ege University. Seed Technology Application and Research Center Publication, İzmir, pp. 56-160.
• 2. AOSA, (2000). Association of Official Seed Analysts. AOSA/ SCST Tetrazolium Testing Handbook. Lincoln, NE: Association of Official Seed Analysts.
• 3. Aqil, F., Ahmad, I., Mehmood, Z. (2006). Antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties of twelve traditionally used Indian medicinal plants. Turkish Journal of Biology, 30, 77-183.
• 4. Bayan, Y., Genc, N. (2016). Salvia verticillata subsp. amasiaca’nın toplam fenolik madde ve antioksidan kapasitesinin belirlenmesi, Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 5,158-166.
• 5. Baydar, H. (2013). Tıbbi ve Aromatik Bitkiler Bilimi ve Teknolojisi, Süleyman Demirel University Faculty of Agriculture Publication, Isparta,pp.23-141.
• 6. Bendini, A., Cerretani, L., Pizzolante, L., Gallina-Toschi, T., Guzzo, F., Cedolo, F., Andereetta, F., Levi, M. (2006). Phenol content related to antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Passiflora Spp. Extracts. Eur Food Res Technol, 223, 102–109.
• 7. Biju, J., Sulaiman, C.T., Satheesh, G., Reddy, V.R.K. (2014). Total phenolics and flavonoids in selected medicinal plants from Kerala. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 6, 406-408.
• 8. Carović-Stanko, K., Petek, M., Grdiša, M., Pintar, J., Bedeković, D., Ćustić, M.H., Satovic, Z. (2016).   Medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae as functional foods – a Review. Czech Journal of Food Sciences, 34,377–390.
• 9. Celep, F., Kahraman, A. (2012). Salvia L. In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. and Babac, M.T. Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi (Damarlı Bitkiler), Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Dizisi. (Turkish Plant List Vein Plants, İstanbul: Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanic Garden and Floristics Research Society Publication., in Turkish).
• 10. Cosge Senkal, B. (2019). The effect of cuttings stages on components and content of essential oils from Salvia viridis L. KSU Journal of Agriculture and Nature, 22, 71-77.
• 11. Cuendet, M., Hostettmann, K., Potterat, O.H. (1997). Iridoid glucosides with free radical scavenging properties from Fagraea blumei. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 80,1144-1152.
• 12. Dlugosz, A., Lembas-Bogaczyk, J., Lamer-Zarawska, E. (2006). Antoxid increases ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) even stronger than vitamin C. Acta Poloniae Pharm, 63, 446–448.
• 13. Er, M. (2012). Biochemical and bioactive features of some Salvia L. (Adaçayı) species growing in Konya, The Graduate School of Natural and Applied Science of Selçuk University, Konya, pages 31.
• 14. Esmaeili, A., Taha, R.M., Mahajer, S., Banisalam, B. (2015). Antioxidant activity and total phenolic and flavonoid content of various solvent extracts from In Vivo and In Vitro grown Trifolium pratense L. (Red Clover). BioMed Research International, ID 643285.
• 15. Fotovvat, M., Radjabian, T., Saboora, A. (2019). HPLC fingerprint of important phenolic compounds in some Salvia L. species from Iran. Records of Natural Products, 13,37-49.
• 16. Frezzini, M.A., Castellani, F., De Francesco, N., Ristorini, M., Canepari, S. (2019). Application of DPPH assay for assessment of particulate matter reducing properties. Atmosphere, 816,1-14.
• 17. Gezer, K., Duru, M.E., Kıvrak, I., Turkoglu, A., Mercan, N., Turkoglu, H., Gulcan, S. (2006). Free-radical scavenging capacity and antimicrobial activity of wild edible mushroom of Turkey. African Journal of Biotechnology, 5,1924-1928.
• 18. Halliwell, B., Gutteridge, J.M.C. (1990). A Role of free radicals and catalytic metal ions in human disease: An overview. Methods in Enzymology,186, 1-85.
• 19. Hatano, T., Edamatsu, R., Mori, A., Fujita, Y., Yasukara, T., Yoshida, T. (1989). Effects of the interaction of tannins with co-existing substances. VI. Effects of tannins and related polyphenols on superoxide anion radical and on 2,2’-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 37, 2016-2021.
• 20. Hayta, E., Arabaci, O. (2011). Kekik olarak adlandırılan bazı bitki cinslerinin tohumlarında farklı çimlendirme yöntemlerinin belirlenmesi. ADÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 8, 91-101.
• 21. Kahkönen, M.P., Hopia, A.I., Vuorela, H.J., Rauha, J.P., Pihlaja, K., Kujala, T.S., Heinonen, M. (1999). Antioxidant activity of plant extracts containing phenolic compounds. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 47, 3954-3962.
• 22. Mammadov, R. (2014). Tohumlu Bitkilerde Sekonder Metabolitler. Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık, Ankara, pp.15-129.
• 23. Ozcan, I.I., Arabaci, O., Ogretmen, N.G. (2014). Bazı adaçayı türlerinde farklı tohum çimlendirme uygulamalarının belirlenmesi. Türk Tarım-Gıda ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 2,203-207.
• 24. Parsaeimehr, A., Sargsyan, E., Javidnia, K. (2010). A comparative study of the antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activity and total content of phenolic compounds of cell cultures and wild plants of three endemic species of Ephedra. Molecules, 15,1668–1678.
• 25. Rungsimakan, S., Rowan, M.G. (2014). Terpenoids, flavonoids and caffeic acid derivatives from Salvia viridis L. var. Blue Jeans. Phytochemistry, 108,177-188.
• 26. Subasi, U., Guvensen, A. (2010). Seed germination studies on rare endemic Salvia smyrnaea Boiss. (Lamiaceae). Biological Diversity and Conservation, 3,126-132.
• 27. Tepe, B., Sokmen, M., Akpulat, H.A., Sokmen, A. (2006). Screening of the antioxidant potentials of six Salvia species from Turkey. Food Chemistry, 95,200-204.
• 28. Tosun, M., Ercisli, S., Sengul, M., Ozer, H., Polat, T., Ozturk, E. (2009). Antioxidant properties and total phenolic content of eight Salvia species from Turkey. Biological Research, 42,175-181.
• 29. Veličković, D.T., Karabegović, I.T., Stojičević, S.S., Lazić, M.L., Marinković, V.D., Veljković. V.B. (2011). Comparison of antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts obtained from Salvia glutinosa L. and Salvia officinalis L. Hemijska Industrija, 65,599–605.
• 30. Wojdylo, A., Oszmianski, J., Czemerys, R. (2007). Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in 32 selected herbs. Food Chem, 105, 940–949.
• 31. Yilar,M., Altuntas, E. (2017). Determination of some physical properties of the annual and perennial sage (Salvia viridis L., Salvia cryptantha Montbret et Aucher) varieties seeds. Mediterr Agric Sci, 30,137-141.
• 32. Zakaria, N.A., Ibrahim, D., Sulaiman, S.F., Supardy, N.A. (2011). Assessment of antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and in vitro toxicity of Malaysian red seaweed, Acanthophora spicifera. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 3,182-191.
• 33. Zengina, G., Mahomoodally, F., Picot-Allain, C., Diuzheva, A., Jekő, J., Cziáky, Z., Cvetanović, A., Aktumsek, A., Zeković, Z., Rengasamy, K.R.R. (20199. Metabolomic profile of Salvia viridis L. root extracts using HPLC_MS/MS technique and their pharmacological properties: a comparative study. Industrial Crops and Products, 131,266-280.