HOST AND PLANT TAXONOMY AS INFLUENTIAL FACTORS IN CONTROLING IN VITRO SPECIFIC CELL-MEDIATED RESPONSE IN HERBIVORES

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 78 - 83, 25.12.2023

Vasiu Aurel , Carmen Sandru , Emoke Pall , Emilia Ungureanu , Florina Marian , Silvana Popescu , Alexandra Oprescu , Ciprian Ilasca

https://doi.org/10.38093/cupmap.1337829

Abstract

Objective: This study monitored several alcoholic vegetal extracts from the adjuvant and immune cell stimulating
perspective in farmed herbivores, differing by their digestive physiology.
Material and Methods: Blood from randomly selected farmed ruminants (Romanian Spotted dairy cows, n=28
and Angora goats, n=19) and Romanian draft horses (n=27) was used to measure the in vitro effects on specific
cell-mediated reactivity of alcoholic extracts of Calendula officinalis, Echinacea angustifolia and E. purpurea, by the
in vitro whole blood blast transformation test, in 96 well plates, after 60 to 72h of incubation. Cell growth was
quantified by an orto-toluidine technique. Student’s t- test was used to evaluate the statistical significance of the
differences.
Results&Discussion: The in vitro growth indices were lowest in goats (C. officinalis - 58.52±10.02%,
E.angustifolia - 50.06±11.67%, E.purpurea -50.79±10.98%) and higher in bovine (C. officinalis – 69.9±2.65%,
E.angustifolia - 74.9±10.1%, p<0.05), and increased towards E. angustifolia versus C. officinalis.
In vitro responses to C. officinalis, E. angustifolia and E.purpurea were the most pronounced in horses and similar
for all of these extracts.
Conclusion: All the extracts showed inhibiting effects in bovine and goats, but not in horses, supporting host-
based differences. The biological activity of the tested extracts was plant species dependent.

Keywords

ruminants, horses, plant extracts, blast transformation

Thanks

The research was supported by current funds of the Discipline of Infectious diseases. The authors wish to thank for laboratory assistance to biotechnologist Eng. Elena Marian and for technical support to senior technician Traian Jucan.

References

• 1. Amirghofran, Z., Azadbakht, M., Karimi, M.H., (2000). Evaluation of the immunomodulatory effects of five herbal plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacol. 72(1-2):167-72. DOI: 10.1016/ s0378-8741(00)00234
• 2. Amirghofran, Z., Bahmani, M., Azadmehr, A., Javidnia, K., Miri, R., (2009). Immunomodulatory activities of various medicinal plant extracts: effects on human lymphocytes apoptosis. Immunological Investigations 38(2):181 DOI: 10.1080/088201 30902817051
• 3. Barbour, E.K., Sagherian, V., Talhouk, S., Talhouk, R., Farran, M.T., Sleiman, F.T., Harakehm S. (2004) Evaluation of homeopathy in broiler chickens exposed to live viral vaccines and administered Calendula officinalis extract. Medical Science Monitor,10(8):BR281-5.
• 4. Barnes J., Anderson L. A., Gibbons S., Phillipson J. D. (2005) Echinacea species (Echinacea angustifolia (DC.) Hell., Echinacea pallida (Nutt.) Nutt., Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench): a review of their chemistry, pharmacology and clinical properties, Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 57: 929–954, DOI 10.1211/ 0022357056127
• 5. Bhatt, V.D., Shah, T.M., Nauriyal, D.S., Kunjadia, A.P., Joshi, C.G., (2014). Evaluation of a topical herbal drug for its in-vivo immunomodulatory effect on cytokines production and antibacterial activity in bovine subclinical mastitis. Ayu, 35(2):198-205. DOI: 10.4103/0974-8520.146254
• 6. Chand, N., Durrani, F.R., Ahmad, S., Khan, A., (2011). Immunomodulatory and hepatoprotective role of feed-added Berberis lycium in broiler chicks. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 91(10):1737-45. DOI: 10.1002/ jsfa.4399
• 7. Disler, M., Ivemeyer, S., Hamburger, M., Vogl, C.R., Tesic, A., Klarer, F., Meier, B., Walkenhorst, M., (2014). Ethnoveterinary herbal remedies used by farmers in four north-eastern Swiss cantons (St. Gallen, Thurgau, Appenzell Innerrhoden and Appenzell Ausserrhoden). Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 31;10:32. DOI: org/10.1186/ 1746-4269-10-32
• 8. Fors, M. (2015). Herbs for horses, Bachelor’s thesis, SLU, Sweden.
• 9. Garcia, M., Elsasser, T.H., Biswas, D., Moyes K.M. (2015). The effect of citrus-derived oil on bovine blood neutrophil function and gene expression in vitro Journal of Dairy Science, 98 :918–926. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2014-8450.
• 10. Hueza I.M., Gotardo A.T., da Silva Mattos M.I., Górniak S.L. (2019) Immunomodulatory effect of Cynara scolymus (artichoke) in rats. Phytother. Res. 33:167–173. doi: 10.1002/ptr.6210.
• 11. Jantan, I., Ahmad, W., Bukhari, S.N., (2015). Plant-derived immunomodulators: an insight on their preclinical evaluation and clinical trials. Front Plant Science, 2015, 25;6:655. DOI: 10.3389/ fpls.2015.00655
• 12. Jennifer M., Rani A., Zahirah N., Khairana H. (2020). A review on the potential use of medicinal plants from Asteraceae and Lamiaceae plant family in cardiovascular diseases. Frontiers in Pharmacology. 11: 852. DOI>10.3389/fphar. 2020.00852.
• 13. Jimenez-Medina E., Garcia-Lora A., Paco L., Algarra I., Collado A., Garrido F. (2006) A New Extract of the Plant Calendula officinalis Produces a Dual In Vitro Effect: Cytotoxic Anti-Tumor Activity and Lymphocyte Activation. BMC Cancer. ;6:119. doi: 10.1186/1471-2407-6-119.
• 14. Jiménez-Medina, E., Garcia-Lora, A., Paco, L., Algarra, I., Collado, A., Garrido, F., (2006). A new extract of the plant Calendula officinalis produces a dual in vitro effect: cytotoxic anti-tumor activity and lymphocyte activation. BMC Cancer, 6:119. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2407-6-119
• 15. Khokhlova, I. S., Spinu, M., Krasnov, B.R., Degen, A.A., (2004). Immune response to fleas in a wild desert rodent: effect of parasite species, parasite burden, sex of host and host parasitological experience. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 207, 2725- 2733. DOI: 10.1242/jeb.01090
• 16. Mandel, J. R., Dikow, R. B., Siniscalchi, C. M., Thapa, R., Watson, L. E., Funk, V. A. (2019). A fully resolved backbone phylogeny reveals numerous dispersals and explosive diversifications throughout the history of Asteraceae. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 116(28), 14083–14088. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1903871116
• 17. Marshall, C. M., Thompson, V. L., Creux, N. M., Harmer, S. L. (2023). The circadian clock controls temporal and spatial patterns of floral development in sunflower. eLife, 12, e80984. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.80984
• 18. Mukherjee, R., Dash P.K., Ram G.C. (2005). Immunotherapeutic potential of Ocimum sanctum (L) in bovine subclinical mastitis. Research in Veterinary Science, 79,1:37-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2004.11.001
• 19. Nayak, S., Mengi, S., (2010). Immunostimulant activity of noni (Morinda citrifolia) on T and B lymphocytes, Pharmaceutical Biology, 48:7, 724-731. DOI: 10.3109/13880200903264434
• 20. Page, J. E., Balza, F., Nishida, T., Towers, N. G. H., (1992). Biologically active diterpenes from Aspilia mossambicensis, a chimpanzee medicinal plant. Phytochemistry 31, 3437-3439. DOI: 10.1016/0031-9422(92)83702-z
• 21. Spinu, M., Brudaşcă, Gh. F., Şandru, C. D., Niculae, M., Rindt K. (2008a). Influences on the Cell-Mediated Response Following Hippophae rhamnoides Treatment, Analele SNBC Vol. XIII, CAP. IV – Imunologie, p. 255 – 260
• 22. Spinu, M., Brudaşcă, Gh.F., Şandru, C.D., Niculae, M., Ştefan, R., Karolyi, S. (2008b.) The immunological activity of non-conventional adjuvants, Clujul Medical Veterinar, 13-14: 16-24
• 23. Spinu, M., Niculae, M., Paştiu A. I., Şandru C. D., Pall E., Vasiu A., (2016). Vegetal extracts influence in vitro on the cell-mediated immunity in carnivores depending on health status, target species and plant taxonomy, Industrial Crops and Products, 88: 44-47. DOI.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2016.02.060
• 24. Sun, L. Z., Currier, N. L., Miller, S. C. (1999). The American coneflower: a prophylactic role involving nonspecific immunity. Journal of alternative and complementary medicine (New York, N.Y.), 5(5), 437–446. https://doi.org/ 10.1089/acm.1999.5.437
• 25. WHO, 2023. Antibiotic resistance. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/antibiotic-resistance/en/
• 26. Windisch, W., Schedle, K., Plitzner, C., Kroismayr, A., (2008). Use of phytogenic products as feed additives for swine and poultry. Journal of Animal Science, 86(E. suppl): E140–8. DOI.org/10.2527/ jas.2007-0459
• 27. Zeng, Z., Zhang, S., Wang, H., Piao, X., (2015). Essential oil and aromatic plants as feed additives in non-ruminant nutrition: a review. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 6:7.DOI.org/ 10.1186/s40104-015-0004-5
• 28. Zhai, Z., Liu, Y., Wu, L., Senchina, D. S., Wurtele, E. S., Murphy, P. A., Kohut, M. L., Cunnick, J. E. (2007). Enhancement of innate and adaptive immune functions by multiple Echinacea species. Journal of medicinal food, 10(3), 423–434. https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2006.257